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Information about several papers discussed at the Easter meeting of the British Ecological Society held in London, England from April 3-4, 1951 is presented. Topics include the ecology of Hydropsychideae, or Tricoptera, the localization of Cladocera in lakes and ponds and the relationship between the natural habitat preferences of a particular animal and the choice of alternative ones' in towns. A topic on nature conservation was also discussed.

The article discusses a classroom procedure intended to create a sense of partnership between biology students and biology teachers at the Phillips High School. To find out which are the outstanding students, the ones who would make the best leaders and what the special interests of the class are, students and the teacher have informal discussions once a week. During the Mississippi Flood the class in plant biology was especially interested in the relation between forest conservation and floods. Other local topics studied were related to Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Tent Caterpillars, Insectivorous Birds, Tree Conservation, Living Christmas Trees, and Preparation of Certified Milk. After the pupils have become acquainted, the class is organized as a nature club, with the usual officers: president, vice- president and secretary elected by secret ballot. A committee of four is selected to assist the vice- president in planning programs for the term. Each group sets to work enthusiastically to prepare the best speeches and get the most interesting demonstration material. Pupils are encouraged to bring any kind of specimens they may find. This collecting naturally leads to an interest in field trips. Two days of each week are given to the usual formal recitation and outlines are made for the work covered.

The article comments on the need to teach conservation in elementary schools in the U.S. Schools have become very much aware of the need for teaching conservation but instructional policies deter them from pursuing the right goals. It is true that teachers teach students terminologies about environmental conservation but there is not a carry-over into everyday life. In the article, various means of conserving the natural resources are presented including the suggestion to implement a gasoline conservation program.

This article discusses a study of the high altitude scrub vegetation in relation to soil erosion in Peru. The researchers sampled random within a strip one kilometer wide running across the floor of the valley and up either side to the tree-line. They found characteristic scrub types in the upper and lower regions of the valley. They described the characteristics together with transitional types found in the middle altitudinal ranges and made suggestions in relation to conservation of the scrub and the prevention of further erosion.

The article presents the report of the Nature Reserves Investigation Committee (NRIC) on nature conservation in Great Britain. The Committee pointed out the some of our animal wild life, more particularly birds and mammals cannot be conserved by means of reserves alone, but requires careful regulation of the densities of the populations of the different species. NRIC recommended the establishment of a National Wild Life Service, embracing both plants and animals, whose functions would include continuous research and administration of National Nature Reserves.

An opening section on current problems in the utilization of natural resources in Latin America is followed by a discussion of some implications of resource development: technological developments and the value of natural resources, some general ejects of material-saving techniques and of labour-saving techniques. The article concludes with considerations of lines of action evolving from the knowledge of technological developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sample of laymen's statements concerning the conservation of an agricultural resource is examined with a view to finding what typical evaluations such statements make. Categorization of the content of these statements into certain attributes suggests three hypotheses as to the formal relationship between belief in conservation and advocacy of conservation regulations. Application of the method of difference leaves one of the hypotheses unfalsified within the defined universe of statements. According to this hypothesis, an expressed belief in conservation will imply the advocacy of conservation regulations when such belief is combined with a reference to group as well as private advantage and with an awareness of the likelihood of some form of regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Constructive measures for dealing with the South's population problems must rest upon the fundamental fact of pressure of population on natural resources. No theoretical discussion will obviate the necessity of utilizing resident natural resources and the maximum efficiency of modern technologies including education, toward the end of sustaining as large a number of persons on the land as possible. The four general types of adjustment suggested here arc: (1) the promotion of balanced farming or a maximum development of live-at-home farming; (2) the expansion of manufacturing processes of many kinds; (3) the encouragement of combined farming and industrial enterprises; and (4) the intelligent guidance of the relocation of surplus population into both fanning and industrial enterprises. These suggestions are made with the conviction that they are practical steps which can be taken immediately, for the most part by local people, in a thousand communities in the South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article looks into the role of Conservation 70's Inc. to the advancement of environmental conservation in Florida. The article presented highlights of the various events and programs initiated by the organization. The author pointed out that as the legislative session with the matters of environmental issues lengthened, more support for conservation appeared with the lawmakers, while the special interests plied their trade influence. Environmental policies have been successful at the end of the 1970 legislative session wherein forty-one conservation bills were passed by both the House and Senate.

The article suggests the need for integrating conservation education in school curriculum in the U.S. The predicted surge in population poses a great concern for the government to promote the conservation of natural resources. It is the job of school administrators and teachers to work with youth so that youth will become aware of the issue. Each school district should assign one interested person as a consultant in resource use and conservation. Conservation education must be closely tied to the community and to the community interests. This proximity provides a wonderful opportunity for the community itself to become involved in conservation and for the school to be closely tied to the community in assuring that the wealth of the community is not dissipated wantonly.

The article focuses on the assumption of identification and evaluation of principles of soil and water conservation in the curriculum of various secondary schools in the U.S. The adoption of the soil and water conservation in the school curriculum was due to the depletion of natural resources which is a threat to future security. The new course of study includes agriculture, mining, petroleum, fishing and forestry. The author defined conservation as the wise use of natural resources for the benefit of all people on a permanent and continuing basis.

The article attempts to evaluate the biology course based on efforts made by the authors to introduce and collate data from such assessments made by Science Four classes of the Yakima High School in Yakima, Washington. The basic questions for evaluation were, whether certain units were definitely popular or unpopular or liked equally, whether there was a significant difference between the reaction of boys and girls, whether there was a significant difference between the reactions of able students and of poorer students, whether there was difference between the reactions of classes of the two teachers, and suggested changes in the course. Findings show that the units on Conservation and Paleontology were more popular among all students, more so among boys than girls. Boys' likes and dislikes are more marked than those of girls for the same age group. There are no significant differences between the reactions of abler students and of poorer students as both groups tend to like the units which they consider important rather than the ones which are easiest. Boys either have narrower interests in the biological field or feel more strongly about various subject matter fields than do girls. More boys are interested, some of them keenly so, in topics having to do with the outdoors like agricultural conservation methods, material about game birds and animals, and information regarding insect pests, weeds, and rusts.

The article presents some evaluations used to determine the effectiveness of teaching ecological material in tenth-grade biology classes. The evaluations aim to test the students' reasoning ability and ability to apply learned information in given situations. They are also designed to stimulate expressions of opinions about conservation and to provide information as to the student experiences. Furthermore, they are used to determine the strengths and weaknesses of students. According to the author, evaluation instruments are useful to education once they are related to the objectives of the class and teacher.

The article presents the role of science teacher and science education to solve personal and social problems like erosion in the United States. The author discussed the three methods employed in the selection and organization of science education curricula as well as the teaching methods. One such method is the selection of subject matter from an entire field of science called field-covering approach. The generalization approach is the selection of broad generalizations and concepts while the problem approach focuses on the present situations.

The article discusses environmental awareness as taught among students in elementary schools in the U.S. Emphasizing on the preservation and management of the natural resources, the author has narrated how these students were able to learn not only about soil erosion and wild life destruction, but also its restoration and regulation. He has also discussed contour farming in relation to soil conservation. He emphasized the need to have a continuous co-operation among government offices, wild life organizations, and individuals in bringing conservation into elementary schools.

The article focuses on issues related to teaching of conservation of natural resources in elementary schools. A manual on some phase of conservation is issued by the New Jersey State Conservation Committee to schools annually. Conservation involves the recognition of the thing to be conserved, its place in the natural order and its relationship to human beings. The conservation material must relate to the immediate school environment. Pupils start to recognize the problems of the state, the nation and the world, once their mind opens to problems in their school and community. The National Wildlife Federation has appointed a committee on Education in Conservation. Keeping of any mammal in captivity or bringing live mammal into the classroom for study is subject to the laws of the State Fish and Game Commission.

The article reports on various developments related to science. The fourteenth annual meeting of the Association of Science Teachers of the Middle States was held on December 1, 1934 in Atlantic City, New Jersey. The meeting featured various programs including lectures on various aspects of education, business meeting and subscription luncheon. Central Scientific Co. has started a regular publication of "Cenco News Chats" that gives valuable articles on laboratory apparatus and supplies sold by the company. The National Forest Conservation Commission approved the purchase of 4,000 acres of primeval forest in western Warren County, Pennsylvania by the United States Forest Service on November 23, 1934. It is known as the Tionesta Tract. The Forest Service would like to observe how this forest maintains itself and its wild life.

The article focuses on the intensive indoctrination program for teachers offered by the Michigan Department of Conservation held at the department's in-service training school in Higgins Lake, Michigan. The groups of 40 to 70 participants from all parts of the state are sponsored through scholarships paid by local Garden Clubs and other civic organizations. The primary purpose of the program is to promote conservation teaching in schools. Furthermore, the department believes that by offering such program, the participants will arouse an interest and understanding of the importance of natural-resource problems thereby promoting conservation awareness. The Education Division of the department sees conservation as a "state-of-mind" toward natural resources as well as a body of information on resources and resource-use techniques.