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The newness of a field which librarians are trying to identify and relate to their own concerns and activities is reflected in this paper. It explains the field's research methods and gives examples, as well as discussing its identification and proposing a series of new definitions. In so doing, it is much indebted to the Bereday, Simsova, and Sharify contributions mentioned therein. This is intended to be a pivotal introductory paper. In concluding, the paper proposes that library schools become truly international and teach the best elements from library science world-wide. (LI 004244 through 004256 and LI 004258 through 004267 are related.) (Author)

A profile of Iran is sketched in this paper. Emphasis is placed on the nature, scope, and accomplishments of population activities in the country. Topics and sub-topics include: location and description of the country; population--size, number of households, women of reproductive age, growth patterns, role of women, urban/rural distribution, ethnic and religious composition, literacy, economic status, and contraceptive knowledge; population growth and development--national economics and social welfare expenditures; history of population concerns; population policies; population programs--objectives, organization, operations, governmental role, education and communication efforts, and private agencies in family planning; and foreign assistance for family planning activities. Summary statements indicate that program policy is to offer contraceptive information and services through the growing national network of family planning clinics, relying almost exclusively on pills as the contraceptive technique. The strength and sense of urgency of the national commitment can be seen both in the rapidly increasing channeling of talent and financial resources to this effort and in the ambition of national goals for decreasing the current high population growth rate. References and a country map are given. (BL)

Although numerous outstanding research collections as well as able professional librarians exist in South and West Asia, many people find Asian libraries difficult to use. Often researchers need specialized data which is hard for them to locate in the limited time available. This paper's purpose is to provide practical suggestions for scholars about overcoming the difficulties of using Asian libraries. It is intended to assist researchers in all fields, including those working on dissertations, and is written to help them change a frustrating and disappointing year into one more rewarding. These remarks are applicable for those parts of Asia which the author has visited: India, Pakistan, eleven more moslem, one Hebrew and one Christian country extending West to the U.A.R. and North to Turkey--and for those researchers whose material location problems are similar to the Asian reference problems with which the author has already dealt. (LI 004244 through 004262 and LI 004264 through 004267 are related.) (Author/NH)

In March and April 1968, the author was a guest of the U.S. Information Service on a two week trip to Pakistan and Afghanistan. During this stay, 30 libraries in five cities were visited. This paper describes this trip and relates the library happenings in these countries. It was obvious that Pakistan librarianship had advanced beyond the profession in either Iran or Afghanistan. There were many more librarians, more of them capable, more curiosity about foreign ideas, more concern for the present, larger book collections, larger buildings, more library schools, more active library associations, and more library publication. Yet all of this development has occurred in university and special libraries, not in school or public libraries, typical of Southwest Asia. And the picture seemed to be standing still or else moving ahead very slowly, as if the librarians had been trained before the nation was ready to support them. There seemed to be no evidence of a surge forward in public libraries, as there was in Iran or of major budget support for university libraries as there was in Ankara. Furthermore, the problem of over population had to be dealt with successfully or there would never be per capita improvement. Since Pakistan's economy was moving rapidly ahead, perhaps good library budgets and new building plans would also come, but one wonders if a country now so poor would support good library service even in the next generation. (LI 004244 through 004260 and LI 004262 through 004267 are related.) (Author/NH)

This essay attempts to compare and contrast certain Iranian and American library serial selection policies. It assumes that many similarities exist between the selection policies of the two countries, but that special problems and contrasts exist in each one, also. The paper concentrates on the policies of two specific institutions, Drexel University, previously, Drexel Institute of Technology, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.A., and the Iranian Documentation Centre (Irandoc), Tehran, Iran. One is an academic library, the other a government agency documentation center. They are alike in some striking ways but are very different in others. In spite of the absence of data and analyses needed to support an objective study, the author draws two conclusions based on his personal observation and experience. The influence of nationalism on serial subscription policies in Iran and America must be recognized. Probably it is common in libraries over the world to find large numbers of local titles on hand. Also, whenever local pride or nationalism and strong library service ideas are combined, then a rich representation of local serials may be expected, as a way of providing good service to local users. (LI 004244 through 004252 and LI 004254 through 004267 are related.) (Author/SJ)

The purpose of the Iranian Documentation Centr (Irandoc) was to collect that portion of the world's literature which was pertinent to Iran's research interests, to organize that material, and to promote its use by Iranian researchers. Stated more succinctly, Irandoc's purpose was to obtain ready access to the world's scientific literature in order to improve Iranian research projects. Stated in still another way, Irandoc was (1) building the national science and social science library, (2) providing documentation level services for it, and (3) participating in regional and international information networks. In carrying out these purposes, the Centre collected current book, periodical, document, and report material, organized it, and brought it to the attention of Iranian researchers for use with specific projects. Irandoc's goals included service to the following users: university faculty members, university students, industrial research and development centers, industrial production units, business firms, hospitals, research institutes, government ministries and agencies. In its first three years, Irandoc provided service to these groups plus physicians, engineers, agriculturalists, scientists, chemists, lawyers, educators, economists and others. This paper is a history and description of the establishment and early existence of Irandoc. (LI 004244 through 004251 and LI 004253 through 004267 are related.) (Author/SJ)

Establishment of the Tehran Book Processing Centre (Tebroc) was proposed in the Spring of 1968. This document is a descriptive and historical account of the center, and a description of its contributions to Iranian processing development. The center was modeled, to a certain extent, after Bro-Dart's Alanar in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. Tebroc was designed to provide large scale, modern, economic and professional book selection, acquisition, cataloging, classification, and shelf preparation services for Iranian libraries and information centers. All types of libraries were to be served in all parts of Iran. Books in all languages and from all countries, all types and forms of printed and audio-visual materials, all subject fields and English, French, German, Spanish, Persian, and Arabic languages, were to be processed. The organization was Iranian in some ways, western in others, sometimes was very successful, sometimes hopeless. The paper should answer the question, how did this American idea fare in the Iranian library world. (LI 004244 through 004249 and LI 004251 through 004267 are related.) (Author/SJ)

Two aspects of comparative library science are discussed in this paper: the adaptation of American library education and of American library standards for Iranian use. Its basic assumption is that all of the goals and most of the essential principles of American library science are as appropriate to modern Iran as to modern America. Furthermore, many practical library procedures can be borrowed from the U.S.A. A further assumption is that the foreigner is seldom familiar enough with Iran to know all of the ideas which should be incorporated or to make all of the changes necessary in adapting either library education or standards for local use. Consequently, Iranian assistance is essential in writing and revising adaptations in both fields. A final assumption is that most Iranians want their libraries improved. (Related documents are: LI 004244 and LI 004246 through LI 004267.) (Author/SJ)

This paper deals with the field of library education administration and is based on observation, reflection, and analysis. The author was head of an American graduate library school for nine years, and immediately thereafter, 1967-68, as a Fulbright Professor, headed an Iranian library school for thirteen months. Rather than attempt to compare library education in the two countries, almost as large an undertaking as comparing the two parent institutions, Drexel University (then Drexel Institute of Technology), in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the Faculty of Education, University of Tehran, this analysis focuses primarily on a narrower and more manageable subject, the two positions themselves, dean vs. chairman. This is the story of their comparisons and contrasts, their rewards and problems, one important variable being held constant, the nature of the position as a university graduate library school headship. Most of the comparisons will be made after juxtaposing information from each position, topic by topic. (Related documents are: LI 004245 through LI 004267.) (Author)