Search

The article reports on the revised three-stage disarmament plan presented by Great Britain and France during the meeting of the United Nations Disarmament Subcommittee on March 19, 1956 in London, England. Such plan is based on the preliminary creation of a United Nations control inspectorate. Its first stage would include a freeze on military manpower, expenditure, and levels of armaments while its second stage would call for reduction of all conventional forces to half the agreed-upon levels and limitation on all nuclear tests. Furthermore, its third stage would see conventional forces to half the agreed levels and a moral ban on the manufacture, testing, and use of nuclear weapons.

The article focuses on the cooperation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union for maintaining peace and the settlement of international disputes by peaceful means. Both countries recognized the relationship between international peacekeeping and disarmament in the "Joint Statement of Agreed Principles for Disarmament Negotiations," on September 20, 1961. The agreement includes an obligation of the nations to place, at the disposal of the United Nations, agreed manpower necessary for an international peace force to be equipped with agreed types of armaments.

The article discusses some highlights about the conference of the United Nations on disarmament issues. The eight independent members of Eighteen-Nation Committee on Disarmament lead as sponsors and prime negotiators of resolutions. A quasi-disarmament measure on the declaration of legal principles governing the activities of states in outer space was approved unanimously by the assembly. Most discussions occurred on criteria for setting up atom-free zones while discussion was expected on measures to prevent surprise attacks.

The article discusses the issue about the disarmament of arms control in the United Nations. Among the problems of the future historians will be the question whether indeed there had ever been negotiations in any important sense in 1945-55. For several years, the customary sequence has been for one of the Western representatives to start the session by addressing a series of questions to the Soviet opposite. The Western delegates made it plain that they trust no Soviet promise that an international inspectorate cannot patrol.

The article offers information about the proceedings of the debate on a resolution sponsored by seven nations and introduced by the U.S. urging the quick establishment of an international atomic agency and calling for a technical conference under United Nations (U.N.) auspices in 1955. The debate was initiated by the Political Committee of the U.N. General Assembly during November 1955. This event is the first step in initiating a modified version of U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower's atomic pool proposal of December 1953. The event ended on November 23, 1955 with the unanimous acceptance of the resolution after the defeat of two amendments to it proposed by the Soviet Union.

The article focuses on the author's suggestions which might contribute to the efforts of the United Nations (U.N.) towards disarmament in 1954. The author suggests that the U.N. must have a body-like, scientific and technical committee which will be composed of a scientific representative who would avoid political issues and render a unanimous report. Furthermore, the author said that a research staff set up by the U.N. Secretariat and charged with reporting on scientific and technical aspects of atomic controls would also be a good device. Finally, if the most is to be made of its opportunity, the U.N. should dispense with its statesmen for a while, and bring in the experts.

The article offers information on the relationship of atomic power and world security. The creation of the atomic bomb and other weapons of mass destruction has heightened the issue of world security. In this instance, science is more geared towards annihilation rather than progress. The actions that the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission has done relative to the concern of arms control are underlined. The opposing views of the United States and Russia regarding the nonproliferation of arms are also mentioned.

The article reports on the negotiations on atomic energy control. It mentions that Secretary-General Trygve Lie has called attention to the danger and probable increase in the bacteriological and lethal chemical weapons. He proposes that the General Assembly of the United Nations take up this problem as well when it debates the atomic control deadlock in one of its sessions in Paris on September 21, 1948. Frederick H. Osborn declares his belief that work should continue to develop a system of arms regulation to be carried out when conditions of international confidence has settled.

The article focuses on the meeting of the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission which was held in Paris, France in 1948. Russia modifies its present opposition to the plan of international operation of dangerous atomic activities. Francois de Rose of France presented the French-British-American proposal to the full commission. The United States proposal for eliminating vetoes in atomic affairs aimed to make the control organ a blind instrument of that government. The American plan infringed sovereignty by proposing international ownership and management of nuclear fuel plants and international licensing and supervision of other atomic activities.

The article presents negotiations of United Nations on atomic energy control. An overview of the Soviet plan is presented. The Soviet control plan and elaborations brought out by British-Soviet correspondence was discussed on January 16, 1948. Control committee assumed the organizational structure of an international control agency on January 19, 1948. Debates on the atomic energy control continues until January 22, 1948. Due to this, Chairman F. Khouri states that the commission should not waste time in academic discussion and suggests preparing the prohibition and control conventions.

The article proposes to outline the Soviet view of a disarmed world and to assess some of its implications for U.S. national interests. It says that the U.S. looks to the establishment, within the framework of the United Nations (UN), of an International Disarmament Organization which would have prime responsibility for verifying disarmament measures, for reporting violations of the disarmament treaty, and for recommending to the UN action to be taken in the event of violations. It mentions that the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) sees the world of the future as consisting of sovereign and theoretically equal states whose relations would not be subject to compulsory arbitration or adjudication, and whose sovereign rights could not be abrogated by any international agreement.

The article discusses the proposed demoscope, a barometer of international tensions. The proposed demoscope will be used in the field by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to measure the extent of problems addressed, programs implemented and the effectiveness of programs in reducing the identified problems in order to prevent wars. To help organize the peace, the demoscope will feature an Index of Peace Expectation under the supervision of the World Association for Public Opinion Research. The author elaborates on how the barometer will be established.