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1. ACTIVITIES OF THE DIVISION OF SCIENCE TEACHING OF UNESCO. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE AAAS MEETING, DECEMBER 26, 1967, NEW YORK.

Author

BAEZ, ALBERT V.

Abstract

A PAPER PRESENTED TO THE SECTION ON EDUCATION (Q) OF THE 1967 AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF SCIENCE ANNUAL CONVENTION, THIS DOCUMENT DISCUSSES THE ACTIVITIES OF THE DIVISION OF SCIENCE TEACHING (DST) OF UNESCO. INCLUDED ARE DISCUSSIONS OF (1) THE OVERALL PROGRAM BUDGET, (2) AN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF DST AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE EDUCATION SECTOR OF UNESCO, AND (3) A DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT OVERALL PROGRAM AND PROJECTIONS FOR THE FUTURE. THE PRESENT PROGRAM IS DESCRIBED UNDER ITS FOUR MAIN PARTS (1) COLLECTION AND EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION, (2) PILOT PROJECTS ON NEW APPROACHES AND MATERIALS FOR THE TEACHING OF BASIC SCIENCES, (3) OTHER ACTIVITIES TO IMPROVE THE TEACHING OF THE BASIC SCIENCES AT UNIVERSITY AND POST-GRADUATE LEVELS, AND (4) STIMULATION OF INTEREST IN SCIENCE. SPECIFIC PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS BEING CARRIED OUT UNDER EACH OF THE FOUR MAIN PARTS ARE DISCUSSED AND THE PRIMARY GEOGRAPHIC AREAS AFFECTED ARE INDICATED. A BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR THE PROVISION OF MORE DETAILED INFORMATION IS INCLUDED. (DS)

Published
1967

2. In Search of Population Policy: Views from the Developing World.

Author

National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Abstract

This report examines what people in the developing countries think about population policy--a topic that is emerging as a subject of critical concern to governments of those countries. In 1973, five seminars were held in different parts of the developing world. Each seminar was limited to 20-25 participants selected from five to nine countries. The participants received a set of questions which focused on four topics concerning population: (1) Population Problems, (2) Population Policies or Responses and Their Effects, (3) Policy Administration: Actors and Constituent Groups, and (4) Policy Options. The participants were asked to write a brief memorandom in response to the questions. The memorandum was to serve as a common point of departure for discussion and to prepare the participants to examine population policy in a broad context. All five seminars followed an agenda based on the questions. At the end of each seminar, participants were asked to complete an evaluation questionnaire. Most participants said that they had gained a broader understanding of population policy. This book contains an introduction, the results of the five seminars: South Asia Seminar, Middle East Seminar, Latin America-Commonwealth Caribbean Seminar, Africa Seminar, and Southeast Asia Seminar, a summary, and committee reflections. (TK)

Published
1974

3. Rural Renaissance--A Perspective and a Process.

Author

Axinn, George H.

Abstract

If the path to a better rural life is to be a change preferred by the rural people involved, recent world experience would suggest that it must be a change born from within the given rural social system, be controlled by its beneficiaries, and be integrated into the larger system of which it is a part. Such a perspective and such a process might be labeled "rural renaissance", for as perspective, it gives priority to the view of the farming family, and as process, it draws initiative and energy from that same family. Rural renaissance, then, may be defined as the marriage between traditional patterns (values, norms, technologies, and behavior) and those innovative patterns which result in the birth of change. Since values and beliefs vary from one social system to another, interaction between a rural renaissance stimulation system (outsiders) and a rural renaissance acquisition system (insiders) should facilitate positive change, if consideration is given by both outsiders and insiders to questions of appropriate organization, doctrine, leadership, programs, resources, and linkage systems. The larger rural renaissance stimulation system, then, would be a world wide network of interacting people who are able to learn from each other in the universal quest for improvement of the human condition. (JC)

Published
1974

4. Second Language Learning as a Factor in National Development in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Language Information Series, No. 1.

Author

Center for Applied Linguistics, Arlington, VA.

Abstract

The Survey of Second Language Teaching was conducted in 1959-1961 to investigate the nature and extent of the problem of second language learning in developing nations. This document summarizes the survey. It identifies the second language factor in national development, discusses the nature and extent of its problems and surveys the resources available to cope with the problem. English or French is often needed in developing countries for internal communication in multilingual areas, for transmission of science and technology and for international communication. The language situation in Asia includes: multilingualism, existence of one major national language, diglossia, low literacy, and the use of English and French as working languages and mediums of instruction. Africa is characterized by a multiplicity of languages and low literacy; English and French are often the languages of instruction and a means toward progress. In Latin America, a European language is the official language of each country, although Indian languages are widely spoken. The resources in second language education in major English- and French-speaking countries are also outlines. Recommendations are made concerning second language teachers, foreign students, linguistics training, educational coordination on domestic and international levels, individualized country plans, regional centers, teaching methodology and linguistic research. (CHK)

Published
1961

5. SURVEY OF BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND REFERENCE WORKS ON ASIA, AFRICA, LATIN AMERICA, RUSSIA, AND EAST EUROPE--AND COMPILATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIES ON EAST ASIA, SOUTH ASIA AND AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA FOR UNDERGRADUATE LIBRARIES. INTERIM REPORT, PHASE ONE.

Author

State Univ. of New York, New York. Foreign Area Materials Center. and MOREHOUSE, WARD

Abstract

THE PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT IS TO ASSIST UNDERGRADUATE LIBRARIES IN STRENGTHENING THEIR RESOURCES ON AREAS OUTSIDE THE PERIMETER OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION USUALLY GIVEN LITTLE ATTENTION BY AMERICAN COLLEGES, WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON EAST AND SOUTH ASIA AND AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA. UNDER THE PROJECT'S FIRST PHASE, A PANEL OF LIBRARY ADVISERS WAS ESTABLISHED, AND PRELIMINARY VERSIONS OF A GUIDE TO REFERENCE MATERIALS ON NON-WESTERN EUROPEAN AREAS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES ON EAST ASIA, SOUTH ASIA, AND AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA HAVE BEEN COMPILED BY COLLATING EXISTING BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND ADDING RECENTLY PUBLISHED ITEMS. THE BIBLIOGRAPHIES WERE PREPARED BY COMPUTERS, USING WITH SUCCESS THE DATATEXT SYSTEM FOR SOURCE DATA ENTRY. THE FINAL VERSIONS WILL BE ISSUED AFTER REVISION AND GRADING BASED ON ADVICE FROM SCHOLARS AND LIBRARIANS. INCLUDED AS AN APPENDIX IS THE REPORT OF A CONFERENCE ON THE PLACE OF NON-EUROPEAN LANGUAGE MATERIALS IN UNDERGRADUATE LIBRARIES (CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 17, 1967). TOPICS DISCUSSED BY FACULTY AND LIBRARIAN PARTICIPANTS INCLUDE THE IMPACT ON UNDERGRADUATE LIBRARIES FROM IMPROVED LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION AND INCREASING FACULTY NEEDS FOR RESEARCH MATERIALS IN NON-ENGLISH LANGUAGES. CONFERENCE RECOMMENDATIONS ON APPROPRIATE ACQUISITIONS IN THESE AREAS CONCLUDE THE REPORT. ALSO APPENDED IS A PAPER READ AT THE CONFERENCE--"SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE USE OF RUSSIAN LANGUAGE MATERIALS ON THE COLLEGE LEVEL AND DESIRABLE FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN THIS AREA," BY DOUGLAS READING. (JB)

Published
1967

6. Communication in Development: Modifications in the Classical Diffusion Model for Family Planning.

Author

Michigan State Univ., East Lansing. Dept. of Communication. and Rogers, Everett M.

Abstract

The role of mass media and interpersonal communication in development in Latin America, Africa, and Asia is reviewed. Then, research and development program experience is synthesized to show (1) that the mass media at present play a major role in creating a "climate for modernization" among villagers, but are less important in diffusing technological innovations (although their potential is high), (2) that mass media channels are more effective when combined with interpersonal channels, as in media forums, and (3) that the "traditional" mass media (like village theater, traveling storytellers, etc.) have an important potential for development purposes, especially when they are combined with the modern electronic and print media. Further, the future role for mass media in development will increase (1) as the mass media reach larger audiences, and (2) new communication technology (like satellite TV) is harnassed for development goals. A second, and related, purpose of the present paper is to specify three modifications in the "classical diffusion model" stemming from the case of family planning communication, where the messages (1) deal with very "strongly held beliefs," which are difficult to change, and (2) are private and "taboo" in nature, hence limiting the number (and type) of individuals with whom such messages can be discussed. The classical diffusion model should be revised to include the role of nonprofessional and/or paraprofessional change agent "aides" in diffusing innovations, the importance of adopter and diffuser "incentives," and the significance of the "verbal labelling" in word symbols of innovations affecting their rate of adoption. (Author/DB)

Published
1972