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2. Introduction.
- Author
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Mogey, John
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE sociology - Abstract
Introduces articles and research papers of the September 1962 issue of the "International Journal of Comparative Sociology."
- Published
- 1962
- Full Text
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3. RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS.
- Author
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Dunning, R. W.
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE sociology ,INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas ,UNITED States education system ,BIRTH control - Abstract
The article discusses various research papers on comparative sociology. The Canadian system is probably destined in the long run to prove as disastrous as that of the U.S. Soon after the establishment of the Canadian Government, the superintendent general of Indian affairs challenged the soundness of the principle of the "Aborigines in a condition of tutelage and treated as wards or children of the state." The government of Canada assumed full responsibility for Indians and their lands throughout the country. Of the registered or status Indians, some are living as Indians for whom no reserves have been provided. A considerable economic difference exists among groups, depending upon proximity to and integration with regional industrial populations. In another paper "Procreative Family Attitudes of American and Foreign Students," authors discusses that in achieving the present levels of education and economic aspiration, the people of the U.S. have generally accepted the family planning idea, which has tended to bring the birth rate to closer balance with the death rate.
- Published
- 1971
4. WORKSHOP 10.
- Author
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Lupri, Eugen, Schwarzweller, Harry K., and Louwes, S. L.
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE sociology ,SOCIOLOGICAL research ,SOCIAL theory ,RURAL sociology ,CULTURE ,SOCIAL sciences - Abstract
This article traces briefly the use of the comparative method in sociology. It documents that what is currently called "cross-national research" is an interest that has antecedents running back for at least a century in a great variety of fields. Secondly, the article argues for a closer interplay between sociological theory construction and cross-national data. Because current sociological theory is exceedingly culture-bound, basing its propositions largely on data derived from modern American and Western European societies, the need for testing hypotheses within truly cross-cultural settings is most timely and urgent. Thirdly, the paper article delineates three major methodological problems in cross-national research. These problems include the requirement of equivalence of meaning, the requirement of concept equivalence and the requirement of equivalence of cultural variability. It concludes with a recommendation for furthering interest in cross-national research in rural sociology.
- Published
- 1968
5. II. CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS 1. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Montreal.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,COMPARATIVE sociology ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. - Abstract
The article reports about the congress of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). The one hundred and thirty first congress was convened in Montreal, Quebec, from December 26 to 31, 1964. Papers were given at the Queen Elizabeth, Sheraton-Mt. Royal, Windsor, Laurentien, and Ritz Carlton hotels. Convention headquarters were at the Queen Elizabeth, which also held the AAAS Annual Exposition, which boasted a fine array of instruments and books, and the AAAS Science Theatre, in which a selection of the latest foreign and domestic scientific films were shown. On December 26, section K of the AAAS presented a symposium. On December 29 and 30, the symposium "Arctic and Subarctic Archeological and Ethnological Problems," was held. A highly stimulating program was offered by the symposium "Problems of Interdisciplinary Methodology in the Behavioral Sciences." The "Symposium on Ethnobotany of Some New World Cultures," offered papers dealing with various crops cultivated in different areas of North and South America.
- Published
- 1965
- Full Text
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6. THE OPEN CONCEPTION OF EDUCATION AND EDUCATIONAL TRAVEL: SOME HISTORICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY.
- Author
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Cross, Crispin P.
- Subjects
- *
EDUCATION , *COMPARATIVE sociology , *SOCIOLOGISTS , *MIDDLE Ages , *CIVILIZATION - Abstract
It is usually presumed that the function of education is that of selection and that this is the most important conception of education of which sociologists should be aware. This paper presents historical and comparative material from two contrasting societies-Graeco-Roman Antiquity and West Africa in the late Middle Ages-which shows that the selective function was relatively unimportant. The paper concludes by suggesting that educational conceptions take a variety of forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Comparative sociology: some problems of theory and method .
- Author
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Payne, Geoff
- Subjects
SOCIAL sciences ,COMPARATIVE sociology ,COMPARATIVE studies ,SOCIAL facts ,STATISTICAL sampling ,STATISTICS - Abstract
The article focuses on comparative sociology. The purpose of this paper is in part to explain this apparently paradoxical situation by looking at the historical development of comparative sociology, but more important, it tries to assess the role of comparison and the inter-relationship of theory and method in the generation of social theory, through a discussion of the methodological problems inherent in comparative analysis. The association of evolutionism with comparison was a major reason for the comparative method being devalued, if not discredited. Unfortunately comparison has also been linked with functionalism, a link which is not inevitable, and is certainly undesirable. Sampling is another attempt at solving the central problem of how one compares a potentially vast quantity of social facts. Choice of unit or level, specification, quantification, and randomization are all attempts to handle this basic dilemma, while controlling against the chance of generalizing from the atypical.
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Introduction.
- Author
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Dufty, N F.
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE sociology - Abstract
Introduces various articles and research papers of the 1969 issue of the "International Journal of Comparative Sociology."
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Introduction: Power and Power Structures.
- Author
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Evers, Hans-Dieter
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE sociology ,SOCIOLOGICAL research - Abstract
Introduces articles and research papers of the September 1968 issue of the "International Journal of Comparative Sociology."
- Published
- 1968
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Editorial.
- Author
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Halsey, A.H.
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE sociology - Abstract
Introduces various articles and research papers of the 1961 issue of the "International Journal of Comparative Sociology."
- Published
- 1961
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. VALUES AND THE FIELD OF COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY.
- Author
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Goldschmidt, Walter
- Subjects
ETHNOLOGY ,VALUES (Ethics) ,COMPARATIVE sociology ,SOCIAL theory ,SOCIOLOGY ,SOCIAL interaction - Abstract
The field of social anthropology or comparative sociology, as rests upon sociological conceptualizations and anthropological data. The problem is more than interdisciplinary: the sociologist's penchant for broad general theory is contrasted to the ethnologist's concern with detailed cultural data. The immediate need is for more modest theory on one hand, and more conceptualized comparative ethnography on the other. The purpose of the present article is to discuss this intermediate area with respect to one very crucial element, namely the analysis of values. This article attempts to show the two ways in which social anthropology should contribute to the development of general sociological theory. These are the establishment of (1) general social imperatives, and (2) requisite functional relationships between certain cultural forms in different departments of social life. To fulfill this broad purpose, empirically based examples are offered. This article introduces substantive theoretical analysis through the comparative examination of cultural systems.
- Published
- 1953
- Full Text
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12. Toward A Macrosociology.
- Author
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Etzioni, Amitai
- Subjects
MACROSOCIOLOGY ,COMPARATIVE sociology ,MICROSOCIOLOGY ,DEMOCRATIZATION ,MODERNIZATION (Social science) ,SOCIAL structure ,CROSS-cultural studies ,SOCIAL change ,SOCIOLOGICAL research ,SOCIAL processes ,SOCIAL history - Abstract
A macrosociology is needed both on theoretical and on pragmatic grounds. Theoretically I suggest societies and polities have emergent properties, which it is fruitful to treat as the subject of a distinct subtheory, macrosociology. Such a theory is not to replace general theory, which deals with the universal properties of all social units, from the dyad to the world community (e.g., level of integration). But both macro- and micro-sociology are additional tiers on the top of this shared base, one dealing with the particular properties of macro-units (e.g., nations, classes), the other with properties of micro-units, such as family, work teams, and friendship groups. While sociological theory holds for general, micro- and macro-sub-theories, history is a macroscopic process. It is on this level that sociological and historical perspectives can be authentically and systematically joined. From a pragmatic viewpoint, a disciplined study of the substantive problems of society -- such as modernization, democratization, change of status relations among major collectives, societal reallocation of wealth, and political integration of previous autonomous units -- cannot be much advanced without a systematic analysis and macroscopic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1967
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Reflections on the Sociology of Civilizations.
- Author
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Tiryakian, Edward A.
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY ,CIVILIZATION ,CARTOGRAPHY ,CONSCIOUSNESS ,COMPARATIVE sociology - Abstract
The article talks about the concept of sociology of civilizations by professor Benjamin Nelson. Nelson is trying to indicate to sociologists both the theoretical relevance and practical urgency in establishing the cartography of civilizations. The author analyzes a part of Nelson's essay, wherein he presents the distinct forms of consciousness. The author thinks that Nelson wishes to sensitize readers to pioneering contributions of earlier pioneers in the comparative sociology of civilizations.
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
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14. Argentina.
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE sociology ,SOCIOLOGY education ,RESEARCH institutes ,TECHNICAL institutes ,RESEARCH management ,MANUAL training ,SOCIAL structure ,SOCIAL sciences - Abstract
The article discusses the activities and purposes of the Centre for Comparative Sociology (CSC) of Torcuato Di Tella Institute which began in January 1964 in Argentina. The main purposes of the CSC include research activities on comparative studies in the social structure, cooperation with Argentina and Latin America's institutions, promotion of advanced training through research, and cooperation with individual scholars and institutions. CSC also initiated projects from extension of political vote in Argentina to the change of Argentine society's demographic structure, the Buenos Aires Conference in September 1964, and the publication of the "Latin American Journal of Sociology."
- Published
- 1965
15. Geographical Mobility and Kinship: a Canadian Example.
- Author
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Osterreich, Helgi
- Subjects
KINSHIP ,INTERNAL migration ,FAMILIES ,ETHNOLOGY ,COMPARATIVE sociology - Abstract
The article presents a study conducted in Canada, about geographical mobility and kinship. The nuclear family was the important unit in kin relations, there was no evidence of any but equalitarian relations and geographical propinquity was in no case a condition for the existence of ties with kin. The modified extended family is said to provide social, psychological and economic support to its members, despite geographical mobility. The respondents in this study, whether geographically mobile or non-mobile, reported essentially the same kinds of relationships with kin. Two other types of "substantial changes" mentioned, bring out two factors which may be much more significant in disrupting kin relations than geographical mobility. The death of connecting relatives is highly disruptive of relations was also indicated during the course of the study. Mother's siblings were found to be more important than father's siblings for contact and mutual aid. The other factor was specific quarrels. The presented cases suggest that attitudes to kinsmen are by no means directly reflected in behavior.
- Published
- 1965
- Full Text
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16. Occupational Prestige and the Social System: A Problem in Comparative Sociology.
- Author
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Mitchell, J. Clyde
- Subjects
OCCUPATIONAL sociology ,SOCIAL systems ,DEVELOPED countries ,SOCIAL sciences ,COMPARATIVE sociology - Abstract
The article discusses sociological aspects of the prestige attached with different occupations with reference to comparative sociology. Several studies conducted in the U.S. before 1940 were apparently directed to the problem of determining whether in fact there was a general ranking of occupations which the American public would recognize. Even if Philippines society is not highly industrialized it is clear that after many years of Spanish, American, and some Japanese occupation, it is a society which is ordered in terms of a modem productive system and the same appropriate general set of values and motivations permeate the system. In a study amongst 214 graduates and students of Business Administration at the Bombay University, Bombay, India, it was found that there was a high degree of agreement in the social grading of occupations in England and India. The subject people in certain "colonial" societies, within certain limits, evaluate occupations in the same general way as respondents in more fully industrialized countries do. They do this in spite of the fact that there is usually a considerable cultural gap between the subject people themselves and their colonial rulers.
- Published
- 1964
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. NOTES AND NEWS.
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE sociology ,CROSS-cultural studies ,SOCIAL scientists ,UNITED States education system ,COMPARATIVE education ,ETHNOLOGY - Abstract
The article presents news from the field of sociology that appeared in the 1961 issue of the "International Journal of Comparative Sociology." In recent years anthropologists, sociologists, and other social scientists have shown greater interest in educational problems on a cross-cultural plane. Comparative Education as a branch of general study in pedagogy has gained more and more attention. However, cross-cultural comparison was mostly restricted to Euro-American education, and that also, covering mainly the formal and organizational aspects of education. Attempts at comprehending education as a basic process in human social existence in all its aspects involving consideration of all cultures and societies, primitive or civilized, prehistoric or historic, have been almost neglected by non-anthropologists as a rule. Even in the field of cultural and social anthropology, observation and study of educational processes have been few and far between, inadequate or incidental. This has been mostly due to the lack of an outline of study of education cross-culturally. It was a historic occasion indeed when, for the first time, representatives of almost all major American Indian tribes of the United States gathered together at the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, to air "The Voice of the American Indian."
- Published
- 1961
18. RURAL SOCIOLOGY AND THE FOLK SOCIETY.
- Author
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Landis, Paul H. and Redfield, Robert
- Subjects
RURAL sociology ,FOLKLORE ,BEHAVIORAL scientists ,RURAL urban continuum ,CONTINUITY ,COMPARATIVE sociology - Abstract
In the September 1941, issue of "Rural Sociology," Professor Heberle applied Tönnies' well-known contrasting concepts gemeinsehaft and geseilsehaft, to North American rural communities and suggested that consideration of such communities in the light of these concepts will clarify problems and advance knowledge. The reference made by Professor Brunner to anthropological materials provides one who has some familiarity with such materials with an excuse for entering into the discussion. The comparative study of societies tends to become a reality on the level of intensive empirical study of particular communities. The societies of the world are ranged, under the eye of the student, in a single continuum. The rural sociologists occupy the strategic center of this continuum. The anthropologist may make a contribution toward the development of understanding of society by formulating the ideal society which, according to the guidance of these antithetical concepts, lies at one hand of the bipolar continuum. Within the ideal folk society its members are bound by religious and kinship ties and there is no place for the motive of commercial gain.
- Published
- 1943
19. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MANAGEMENT IN THREE EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS.
- Author
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Humblet, J. E.
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL management ,INDUSTRIAL sociology ,COMPARATIVE sociology ,SOCIAL policy - Abstract
The article presents a comparative study of management in three European countries. Comparative researches in sociology can furnish data which make theoretical development possible, in the sense of a synthesis of old and new concepts. Further, industrial sociology has often studied the problem peculiar to one undertaking or to several undertakings in a single country, in order "to make a diagnosis with a view to deciding an appropriate therapeutic course." A comparative study then can advance theoretical knowledge, but equally it is of interest to those responsible for the control of firms and for social policy, since it highlights the diversity of situations. However a comparative research has been attempted in three counties, in order to ascertain the precise definition of managers and supervisory grades in industry, their characteristics and their influence on individual and group attitudes and behavior. In particular, it is desired to contribute to the analysis of the progressive establishment, during the last thirty years in France and more recently in Belgium, of a socio-economic professional group of managers, a new category which has become aware of its existence to a greater extent than in other industrialized counties.
- Published
- 1961
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The Open Conception of Education and Educational Travel: Some Historical Considerations in Comparative Sociology
- Author
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Crispin P. Cross
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sociology ,Social science ,Function (engineering) ,Selection (genetic algorithm) ,Comparative sociology ,media_common ,Variety (cybernetics) ,West africa - Abstract
It is usually presumed that the function of education is that of selection and that this is the most important conception of education of which sociologists should be aware. This paper presents historical and comparative material from two contrasting societies—Graeco-Roman Antiquity and West Africa in the late Middle Ages—which shows that the selective function was relatively unimportant. The paper concludes by suggesting that educational conceptions take a variety of forms.
- Published
- 1973
21. Stratification in Plural Societies
- Author
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Burton Benedict
- Subjects
Sociological theory ,Fallacy ,Politics ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Pluralism (political theory) ,Social system ,Anthropology ,Group conflict ,Sociology ,Social science ,Epistemology ,Plural ,Comparative sociology - Abstract
Stratification in Plural Societies l BURTON BENEDICT Landon School of Economics and Political Science INTRODUCTION HEN one talking about W one talks talks about stratification, one is usually talking structure. When about plural societies, one is about ethnic or cultural categories (Morris 1957). It will become evident in the course of this paper that the use of ethnic and cultural criteria to differentiate sections of a society will not give us a clear description of the strata within it, nor enable us to see with clarity the relations between strata. To do this one must turn from cultural labels toward the major political and economic structures of the whole society. THE CONCEPT OF THE PLURAL SOCIETY The term plural society which is associated with the writings of J. S. Furnivall (1944, 1945, 1948) has gained wide currency in the last few years. On the one hand it has been hailed as essential for comparative sociology (M. G. Smith 1960: 763) and as a field of crucial and strategic importance for sociological theory (Rex 1959: 114). On the other hand, it has been criticized as misleading because it concentrates attention upon differences in race and custom and upon group conflict while at the same time directing attention away from the processes making for unity and integration in the society (R. T. Smith 1958). To emphasise plurality may also encourage people to look on societies with minority problems as if they did not have coherent social systems that are strictly comparable with societies that do not have 'minority problems' (Morris 1957: 125). A difficulty has lain in the attempt to push the concept to cover all sorts of differences in culture and institutions within a society. Every society has pluralistic aspects in the sense that different values and attitudes are produced by any functioning social system (Braithwaite 1960:821). In this sense, plural ism is apt to become a synonym for complex. A second difficulty arising from the first has been the attempt to describe all societies which contain more than one ethnic or cultural category in terms of pluralism. This has led M. G. Smith, for example, to describe the United States and Brazil as hetero geneous societies that contain plural communities and evince pluralism without themselves being plural societies (1960: 771). This difficulty has bedeviled both the 1960 conference on Pluralism in the Carribean and the 1957 INCIDI conference on pluralism in tropical territories. Underlying these difficulties is the fallacy of thinking that pluralism is an analytical concept, whereas it is a simple classificatory one.
- Published
- 1962
22. A Man of His Time and Place: A Selective Appraisal of S. M. Lipset's Comparative Sociology
- Author
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Coleman Romalis
- Subjects
Politics ,Sociology and Political Science ,Social system ,Professional life ,Perspective (graphical) ,Sociology ,Social science ,Comparative sociology - Abstract
This article reviews S. M. Lipset's major works of comparative sociology, specifying their problematic assumptions and appraising their contribution to the cross-national study of political and social systems. It is made clear that Lipset's perspective has shifted over the years. The second part of the paper focuses on the changes that his views have undergone, and explains such alterations by examining certain aspects of Lipset's intellectual and professional life experiences.
- Published
- 1972
23. Comparative Research Across Cultures and Nation (Book).
- Author
-
Cartwright, Walter J.
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE sociology ,NONFICTION - Abstract
Reviews the book "Comparative Research Across Cultures and Nations," edited by Stein Rokkan.
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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