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2. HUMAN FACTORS IN TACTICAL NUCLEAR COMBAT. Report No. Professional Paper 2- 67.
- Author
-
Vineberg, R
- Published
- 1967
3. Opal 58'; surprise paper evacuation moves 13 hospitals to non-target area
- Author
-
J N, RANSOHOFF
- Subjects
Paper ,Hospital Administration ,Civil Defense ,Humans ,Hospitals - Published
- 1959
4. Saga of the disaster doctors; how they helped battle a paper enemy that became real
- Author
-
Milton Golin
- Subjects
Battle ,Civil defense ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Poison control ,Adversary ,Nuclear weapon ,Test (assessment) ,Disasters ,Blueprint ,Law ,Physicians ,Medicine ,Humans ,business ,media_common ,make.believe - Abstract
It is just make believe, this "war" in Europe last June, but to 40 physicians of the Calcasieu Parish Medical Society, meeting in a Lake Charles, La., restaurant, it might well be the start of World War III. They are getting ready in earnest for the fourth annual U. S. civil defense exercise—planning emergency procedures, reviewing assignments for the society's 98 members, and discussing aggressions of the paper enemy. Already, the "enemy" is supposed to have invaded a friendly nation abroad. In three days, according to the exercise blueprint, the President will call Congress into session. On July 12, some 165 nuclear bombs would rain on key American targets, and tens of millions would die—all on paper. Of course it is not going to happen, but this night of Tuesday, June 25, is the last time for the medical society to plan its role in the test because the next
- Published
- 1957
5. Leon Goure, Civil Defense in the Soviet Union. Foreword by Willard F. Libby. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1962. xiv + 200 pp. $4.95, cloth; $2.45, paper
- Author
-
George Barr Carson
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Civil defense ,Economic history ,Environmental ethics ,Soviet union - Published
- 1962
6. Foreign Wartime Policies
- Published
- 1941
7. Abstracts.
- Subjects
OPERATIONS research ,ARMED Forces ,CIVIL defense ,MILITARY planning - Abstract
Presents abstracts related to operations research in military, published in the September 1962 issue of 'Operations Research.' 'Operations Research in Civil Defense,' by Rogers Cannell; 'A Military Planning Game,' by H.P. Hatry and P.R. Lever; 'The War Game as a Methodological Tool,' by E.W. Girard; 'The Role of Operations Research in Planning for Limited War,' by Milton G. Weiner.
- Published
- 1962
8. A Call for Action.
- Author
-
Wiley, Alexander
- Subjects
BOMBINGS ,ATOMIC bomb ,NUCLEAR weapons ,FEDERAL government ,FEDERAL legislation ,SECURITY classification (Government documents) ,CIVIL defense - Abstract
The article reports on the vulnerability of United States to atomic attacks of Soviet Union. It is important for the federal government to notify the people of America as to the degree to which they are and will be susceptible as well as the procedures to be done to reduce the vulnerability. In connection to this, research papers are being developed by the Defense Department, Atomic Energy Commission and private groups acting with them. Certain facts on these papers are made available to the public but these papers have been categorized as classified information, in which case the Americans are almost completely unaware of the facts and are not permitted to know. Reports that President Dwight D. Eisenhower is going to deliver an address regarding the issue is a possible first step.
- Published
- 1953
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. South Woodley Looks at the H-Bomb.
- Author
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Knapp Jr., Harold A.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,NUCLEAR weapons ,NUCLEAR weapons information ,ATOMIC bomb safety measures ,CIVIL defense warning systems ,CIVILIAN evacuation ,FIRST aid in illness & injury ,EMERGENCY management - Abstract
The article discusses the effects of thermonuclear weapon and the technical information needed for civil defense planning in the U.S. According to the author, the type and extent of damage to persons and property are the major requirements of an effective civil defense plan. He suggests to consider the bomb size and the effects of different levels of blast and radiated thermal energy. Moreover, the author cites some preparations which could provide the greatest chance for saving lives and property including warning system, evacuation centers, and first aid training and equipment.
- Published
- 1954
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Enter the H-Bomb.
- Subjects
HYDROGEN bomb ,INTERCONTINENTAL ballistic missiles ,NUCLEAR weapons ,CIVIL defense - Published
- 1955
11. CIVIL DEFENSE AND REGIONS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY.
- Author
-
Allen, Francis R.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) ,NATIONAL security ,SOCIOLOGICAL research ,INDUSTRIAL concentration - Abstract
The article focuses on the development of civil defense in relation to American regions. In considering this development this article begins with three assumptions. First, it assumes that civil defense comprises a needed protection for communities during the nuclear age. A second assumption of this paper is that the regional approach to the study of civil defense is a valid, appropriate, and promising one to be used along with other approaches. Thirdly, this paper makes a pair of specific assumptions for practical working purposes, one applying to civil defense, the other to regions. In citing the development of civil defense activities it relies exclusively on the official data of the Federal Civil Defense Administration as published in its annual reports. By this study, authors' concluded that the need for civil defense protection varies considerably in the sense that some regions have far greater urban-industrial concentrations than others, and such concentrations would be expected to be the preferred targets of enemy attack; civil defense activities and accomplishments have also been shown to vary significantly according to regions.
- Published
- 1958
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The Profit and Loss of Herman Kahn.
- Author
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NIEBURG, H. L.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) ,AUDITORS ,RESEARCH & development ,AMERICAN business enterprises - Abstract
Three Civil Defense (OCD) contracts having a total value of about $600000 were reviewed. The U.S. auditors found that the OCD judged most of the work to be valueless, "a rehash," "superficial," and further that virtually no records were kept either at Hudson or OCD on how money had been spent or how progress had been monitored by the government. The proliferation of think factories, independent Research and Development firms, arid systems managers, is the result of a deliberate policy initiated during the missile race to "contract out" virtually every government job not nailed to the floor--mostly on a cost-plus basis. The traditional in house capability of the government to direct activities of contractors has been in the process of dismantlement.
- Published
- 1968
13. Where's Civil Defense Now?
- Author
-
Brynes, Asher
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,EMERGENCY housing ,EMERGENCY management policy ,NUCLEAR warfare ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,CUBAN Missile Crisis, 1962 ,UNITED States politics & government, 1961-1963 - Abstract
Criticizes the costly shelter programs prepared by civil defense agencies in the U.S. during the Cuban missile crisis in October 1962. Suggestion that the anticipated thermonuclear war with the Soviet Union can be prevented by the U.S. government; Distribution plan for paper money; Leadership succession in government agencies; Problem with identifying and marking possible shelter space; Criticism against the dogmatic a priori reasoning used in analyzing the threat of a nuclear response.
- Published
- 1962
14. Emergency health planning.
- Author
-
HARDMAN AC
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Civil Defense, Disaster Planning, Emergencies, Emergency Service, Hospital, Health Personnel, Health Planning, Health Services
- Abstract
This paper outlines the development of emergency health planning as a function of government. Ten provinces have the basic responsibility for the organization, preparation and operation of medical, nursing, hospital and public health services in an emergency. The Department of National Health and Welfare is responsible for the provision of advice and assistance to the provincial and municipal governments in such matters. Eight provinces have now hired full-time planning staffs to co-ordinate the health planning of the Provincial Departments of Health and Provincial Emergency Measures Organization.Four major programs have been established. The first program provides for the continuity of leadership and guidance by health authorities at the federal, provincial and municipal level. Essential records have been developed and emergency legislation prepared. This program, however, will be of little use unless health services are organized at the municipal level. In this organizational program, advice and assistance have been provided to existing hospitals and departments of health in the conduct of disaster planning. The efforts of these agencies are co-ordinated by municipal health authorities into a community disaster plan. The third program deals with information and education of the general public and the health workers. This program is designed to make the family unit self-sufficient for up to seven days and the health worker prepared to undertake his emergency role. The first three programs are directed to the organization and training of manpower; the fourth program provides the necessary supplies. From the national medical stockpile of $18,000,000, some $12,000,000 has been received, packaged for long-term storage and distributed to regional depots across the country. To ensure their ready availability in time of emergency an agreement has been reached with seven provinces for the release of hospital disaster kits.
- Published
- 1962
15. THE ROLE OF THE SCIENCE TEACHER IN HOME DEFENSE.
- Author
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Pressey, Conrad C.
- Subjects
TEACHERS & community ,CIVIL defense ,SCIENCE teachers ,WAR ,SUPERSTITION ,TRAINING ,PANIC ,ORGANIZATION ,COOPERATIVENESS - Abstract
The article focuses on the role of a science teacher in home defense. The problem of home defense in the times of modern wars, in target areas where bombs and gas may be expected, is particularly important. People in the U.S. think they are a literate nation and yet they are surrounded with superstition and unfounded fear of wars. Civilian defense agencies have been attempting to organize and instruct people for months. It is here that the job of teachers become so important. Their job is to inform the populace as to how it may take care of itself under conditions never experienced before. Teachers must train the members of their respective communities to fight the fear and panic of war. Science teachers by the very nature of their work can train people in understanding the fight of bombs, gas and fire. In most places, the local, state and national civilian, defense organizations are set up. The general public must understand and appreciate the function, duties and powers of such agencies and cooperate with them.
- Published
- 1942
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. CIVIL DEFENSE AGAINST NUCLEAR ATTACK.
- Subjects
LISTS ,CIVIL defense ,NUCLEAR weapons ,PUBLIC shelters ,TECHNICAL specifications - Abstract
The article presents a list of books related to civil defense including "The Effects of Nuclear Weapons," edited by S. S. Glasstone, "Performance Specifications for a Sound National Shelter Policy," by W. E. Strope and "Specifications and Costs of a Standardized Series of Fallout Shelters," by W. E. Strope, L. G. Porteous and A. L. Greig.
- Published
- 1962
17. Best Defence? Prayer.
- Subjects
GENEVA Conference (1955) ,CIVIL defense ,TWENTIETH century - Published
- 1955
18. Shelters on the Other Side.
- Subjects
ATOMIC bomb ,NUCLEAR bomb shelters ,PUBLIC shelters ,CIVIL defense - Abstract
The article focuses on the atom-bomb shelter program of the U.S. It states that the Soviet Union has been at work on a shelter program of its own since 1951and has spent an estimated 500 million dollars a year on civil defense training courses. It mentions the views of Leon Gouré, an analyst at Rand Corp., on the Soviet Union's civil defense planning and how the country expects a forewarning to eliminate the need for shelters until a threatening situation calls for it.
- Published
- 1961
19. Seven Warning Signals: A Review of Soviet Civil Defense.
- Author
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Gailer, Joanne L.
- Subjects
PUBLISHED reprints ,CIVIL defense - Abstract
The article presents a reprint of the study of Soviet civil defense by Joanne L. Gailar which appeared in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Review. The study states that civil defense in the Soviet Union is a broad-based and well integrated program. The program is endorsed by both the central committee of the Communist party and the Ministry of Defense.
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. SOME REFLECTIONS ON CIVIL DEFENSE.
- Author
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Rozen, Marvin E.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,NATIONAL security ,COLD War, 1945-1991 ,MILITARY readiness ,MILITARY planning ,ARMS transfers ,MILITARY policy ,CIVIL-military relations - Abstract
The article focuses on the civil defense proposals in the U.S. Accordingly, it should prove useful to discuss here the wide range of questions civil defense raises concerning our national strategy and the arms interaction process. Perhaps the most far-reaching consequence of a civil defense program might be to pile a civil defense race upon the arms interaction process and thus open up, as it were a new cold war front in an area in which there has been something approaching tacit agreement. There would be an increased risk inherent in adding this new dimension to the arms race. A substantial civil defense program would be inordinately tension heightening because it would involve large scale community action.
- Published
- 1964
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Deterrence and Shelters.
- Author
-
Singer, J. David
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,DETERRENCE (Military strategy) ,EMERGENCY management ,PUBLIC shelters ,DISASTER relief ,STRATEGIC forces ,EMERGENCY housing - Abstract
The article reports that U.S. President John F. Kennedy has moved to get civil defense out of the doldrums after years of indecision and inaction under the Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower administrations. One final element in the consideration of civil defense and stable deterrence is whether or not the Soviet Union has undertaken the civil defense program. The deterrent effect flows from the fact that shelter and evacuation arrangements would markedly modify a key variable in the strategic calculation of Soviet Union.
- Published
- 1961
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. National Survival in the Atomic Age.
- Author
-
Bellamy, Albert W. and Warren, Stafford L.
- Subjects
NUCLEAR warfare ,NUCLEAR crisis stability ,RADIOACTIVE pollution ,SURVIVAL & emergency rations ,FOOD supply ,ECONOMICS of war ,CIVIL defense ,DETERRENCE (Military strategy) ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) - Abstract
The article discusses the impossibility for a country to recover after a nuclear attack. It is stated that aside from the concept of a widespread radioactive contamination, accessibility to food and fuel supplies would also be affected. The remedy lies in storing adequate amounts of essential foods that will be distributed rapidly to people after the attack. A non-military defense is also a powerful deterrent to nuclear attack aside from a strong military action. The author emphasizes the significance of an adequate civilian preparation for a war.
- Published
- 1959
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Abundance for What?
- Author
-
Riesman, David
- Subjects
ECONOMICS of war ,MILITARY spending ,CIVIL defense - Abstract
The author reflects on the implications of the Second World War for the future of Americans. He stresses that the domestic support for American military spending is popular despite the outcry against high taxes. In relation to that, He believes that several influential taxpayers do not like government spending particularly for defense. He viewed that orientation towards tangibles, such as the military call hardware, could be have a long range implications for political economy.
- Published
- 1958
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. A Long Hard Look at Civil Defense.
- Author
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Simpson, Mary M.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) ,EMERGENCY management ,ORGANIZATIONAL behavior ,FEDERAL legislation ,FEDERAL government ,UNITED States legislators ,LEGISLATIVE hearings - Abstract
The article offers a look on the public hearings relative to civil defense in the U.S. conducted by House subcommittee, headed by Representative Chet Holifield. The author stresses that the immediate purpose of the hearings was to poll opinion on two resolutions which had been referred to the Subcommittee and which addressed with a new organizational structure for civil defense. She believes that the real intent of the inquiry was much more comprehensive and far-reaching. For her, it was an attempt to discover what was being done about civil defense by the federal government.
- Published
- 1956
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. It's Up to You, Mr. President.
- Author
-
Sawyer, Roland
- Subjects
NUCLEAR weapons ,ATOMIC bomb ,CIVIL defense ,BOMBS ,CIVILIAN evacuation ,MASS casualties ,AMERICANS ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The article focuses on informing the American people about the possibility of atomic attacks. It should be the President's and not the fifth-rank official's responsibility to tell the people of the possible eventualities of a Russian atomic attack. The only solid endeavor under President Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration addressing atomic attacks is, Project East River. Fear among the American citizens should be eliminated in order for each and everyone to perform their task in civil defense. Instead of protecting their cities, the people should be advised to evacuate and live out in the open to prevent casualties. By doing this, Russian atomic bombs can destroy the cities but not the people.
- Published
- 1953
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. DEFENSE AGAINST FIRE EFFECTS OF ATOMIC BOMBS.
- Author
-
Bond, Horatio
- Subjects
FIRE ,NUCLEAR warfare ,COMBUSTION ,CIVIL defense ,FIRE risk assessment ,NUCLEAR weapons ,EMERGENCY management ,ATOMIC bomb safety measures ,EMERGENCY housing ,PUBLIC shelters ,CIVIC improvement - Abstract
The article presents a discussion on the dynamics of fire-fighting with emphasis on fire effects of atomic bombs. The author makes a distinction between a conflagration and a fire storm whose difference he cites as the basis for fire-fighting requirements, utilities, and city planning in general in preparation of a nuclear attack. Likewise, civil defense measures should be based on the effects of such attacks. Defense measures should be made in consideration of atomic bomb effects which includes blast effect, radiated heat, and secondary fires.
- Published
- 1951
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. FOUR YEARS UNDER LAW.
- Author
-
Waymack, W. W.
- Subjects
NUCLEAR energy laws ,NATIONAL security ,PEACE ,ANTINUCLEAR movement ,CIVIL defense ,SECURITY management ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
The article discusses the objectives of the Atomic Energy Act in the United States. The law aims to strengthen national security in all ways and assure civilian control of the security program. It seeks to discover and exploit economic and other peaceful values, and to promote contributions to world peace. It is also intended for fitting the enterprise into the American way. The law creates four agencies including the Atomic Energy Commission, the Military Liaison Committee, the General Advisory Committee and the Joint Congressional Committee.
- Published
- 1951
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. CIVIL DEFENSE: THE LONG-RANGE VIEW.
- Author
-
Rabinowitch, Eugene
- Subjects
ATOMIC bomb ,NUCLEAR weapons ,CIVILIAN evacuation ,CIVIL defense ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) ,MILITARY science ,AIRCRAFT carriers ,NAVAL aviation ,WARSHIPS - Abstract
The article reflects on the measures to decrease the destructive effect of an atomic attack. The author stresses that the interception of bomb carriers can reduce markedly the number of carriers reaching their targets and the evacuation of civilians can attenuate the effect of the attack. Several measures that have been proposed by the group Atomic Scientists of Chicago to address the issue is presented. He asserts that the dispersal of cities serves as an effective means of reducing the consequences of the attack.
- Published
- 1950
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Rebecca west.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,GREAT powers (International relations) ,TWENTIETH century ,HISTORY - Published
- 1971
30. Conscience and Civil Defense.
- Author
-
Day, Dorothy
- Subjects
ARREST ,NUCLEAR energy policy ,CIVIL defense ,WAR - Abstract
The article presents the author's experience when on June 15 citizens in a number of American cities were required to take shelter during a mock thermo-nuclear attack. Thirty persons in New York City refused to take shelter and were arrested. The author was one amongst them. These people wanted to go to the office of the Mayor of New York and present him with a statement, giving their reasons for disobeying the Civil Defense Act. The statement explained that such publicized civil defense tests help to create the illusion that the nation can shield people from war's effects.
- Published
- 1955
31. Sink or Swim?
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,PETITIONS ,MILITARY weapons ,SHIP security measures ,TREATIES ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation - Published
- 1924
32. Shelters: 1. When the Holocaust Comes.
- Author
-
Hagan, Roger
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,HISTORY ,PUBLICITY ,SPEECH ,REFUGEES - Abstract
Americans have arrived at an ugly moment in the American national history. Across the land, as the publicity effort of civil defense gets through to more and more people, Americans have begun to arm themselves against their neighbors. The newspaper "Los Angeles Times," reports a speech by the Civil Defense Coordinator of Riverside county to the people of Beaumont, a city standing at the pass between Los Angeles, California, and the Imperial Valley of southeast. He warned all citizens to arm themselves with guns to repel the hundreds of thousands of refugees who would flee that way if Los Angeles were bombed.
- Published
- 1961
33. Charade of Civil Defense.
- Author
-
Meisler, Stanley
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) ,NUCLEAR bomb shelters ,CIVIL-military relations ,EMERGENCY management ,PUBLIC shelters - Abstract
This article discusses efforts of the U.S. Civil Defense to prevent citizens during a war. In the first place, the goals of the U.S. Civil Defense planners are hidden by confusion. The average American is not quite sure whether he is expected to hide in his basement or run from his house, and neither is the U.S. Office of Civil Defense and Mobilization. The Civil Defense officials have found themselves with an acclaimed shelter theory, but no shelters, and a discredited evacuation theory, but lots of evacuation facilities. But, even assuming that shelters will perform a limited function, the plain fact remains that almost no one is building them.
- Published
- 1960
34. Business Can Save 70,000,000 Lives.
- Author
-
Yarnold, Kenneth W. and Suggs, Robert C.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,NUCLEAR weapons ,FALLOUT shelters ,WAR & society ,COLD War, 1945-1991 ,FOREIGN relations of the United States, 1945-1989 ,SOCIAL responsibility of business ,NUCLEAR warfare ,INTERNATIONAL relations, 1945-1989 ,BUSINESS & politics - Abstract
Industrial fallout shelters are important not only for their value in discouraging any would-be aggressor, but also for survival in case our nation is attacked. According to informed sources, a sound shelter program carried out by industry and local government could save up to 70,000,000 lives in case of a heavy thermonuclear attack (depending, of course, on the areas bombed, weather conditions, etc.). Business leaders will find here the data they need to: (1) understand the nature of the fallout threat; (2) direct construction of a sound, economical shelter; (3) plan for the management problems of running an occupied shelter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1961
35. From the Thoughtful Businessman.
- Author
-
Child, A. J. E., McCoy, Harrison L., Kallen, Leo A., Peterson, Val, and Fooner, Michael
- Subjects
LETTERS to the editor ,EXECUTIVE ability (Management) ,POWER (Social sciences) ,INDUSTRIAL management ,CIVIL defense ,OCCUPATIONAL medicine ,EDUCATION of executives ,STRATEGIC planning ,NUCLEAR warfare ,OCCUPATIONAL health services ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The letters to the editor refer to articles in previous issues of "Harvard Business Review." Readers comment on "Thinking Ahead: Power Tactics," by N. H. Martin and J. H. Sims, which is in the November-December 1956 issue. "Authors in Search of the Businessman" is by Kenneth S. Lynn and in the September-October 1956 issue. "Industry Must Prepare for Atomic Attack" is by Marshall K. Wood and in the May-June 1955 issue. "Needed: A Closer Look at Industrial Medical Programs" is by Leo J. Wade and in the March-April 1956 issue.
- Published
- 1957
36. Civil Defense and the H-Bomb.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,HYDROGEN bomb ,NUCLEAR weapons ,CIVIL defense warning systems - Abstract
The article discusses civil defense preparations being done by the U.S. government and public against hydrogen bomb (H-bomb) threats. The physical damage that the H-bomb can bring to both buildings and people is described. With the said devastation threat, federal officials emphasized the need for individual communities and businessmen to be prepared against any attack. Aside from warning the public, the federal government has vowed to intercept enemy bombers caught entering the territory.
- Published
- 1954
37. The Sheltered Life.
- Subjects
NUCLEAR bomb shelters ,CIVIL defense ,DEATH rate ,RADIOACTIVE fallout ,HEAT waves (Meteorology) ,BLAST effect ,SHOCK waves - Abstract
The article focuses on the importance of an adequate national system of fallout shelters in the U.S. It discusses the three effects of an atomic bomb attack which include heat radiation, blast wave, and radioactive fallout. It notes that an adequate fallout shelter system will reduce the mortality rate from 160 million to 85 million, and the presence of effective blast-shelter could cut the death rate to 25 million.
- Published
- 1961
38. Gastilian Drama: II The Emergence of the Unified Command.
- Author
-
Bates, Ralph
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,WAR & society ,MILITIAS - Abstract
Focuses on the emergence of unified command from the defense of Madrid against the rebel force during the Spanish civil war. Political ignorance of General Francisco Franco; Transfer of military functions to the civilians; Resistance of the capital city due to military troops and volunteer worker militias; Problem implicit in creating a central command for the whole of the Loyalist war fronts; Necessity of preparing a series of offensive tactics.
- Published
- 1937
39. Kennedy takes middle line on civil defense.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,NUCLEAR bomb shelters ,CIVIL-military relations ,PUBLIC shelters ,ATOMIC bomb safety measures ,FALLOUT shelters ,UNITED States politics & government, 1961-1963 - Abstract
This article focuses on the middle line approach taken by U.S. President John F. Kennedy on the issue of civil defense so as to avoid causing the public to panic and overconfidence. As part of this approach to civil defense the Kennedy administration will find, mark and stock with supplies of public fallout shelters in existing buildings, allow individuals to build private shelters and accept the reality of nuclear attack impact on the population of a given area.
- Published
- 1961
40. Testing Message Diffusion From Person to Person
- Author
-
Dodd, Stuart C.
- Published
- 1952
41. Do We Want Fallout Shelters?
- Author
-
Chapman, Seville
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,SCIENTISTS - Abstract
An excerpt from a publication on civil defense by the Association of German Scientists is presented.
- Published
- 1963
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Fallout Shelters: Interest Grows.
- Author
-
Fozzy, Paula
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,SURVEYS ,AIR raid shelters ,LEGISLATIVE hearings ,COMMITTEES ,NATIONAL security - Abstract
The article reports on the Pentagon Office of Civil Defense, which will shoulder the primary civil defense responsibility in the U.S. under the leadership of department head, Steuart L. Pittman. The office will train 1,400 government and private personnel to conduct a survey of existing shelters. It will also issue an updated everyman's guide to civil defense, to be sent to every mailing address in the country. It claims that its $93 million existing shelter survey will turn up shelter for 50 million people by December 1962. The interest of the government has been reflected in public concern, particularly on private shelters. The civil defense hearing before the House Military Applications Subcommittee is discussed.
- Published
- 1961
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Dispersion along the Mohawk.
- Author
-
Zimm, Bruno H.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,PROFESSIONAL associations ,NATIONAL security ,CIVILIAN-based defense ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) ,HYDROGEN bomb ,SURVEYS - Abstract
The article discusses the efforts taken by the Dispersion Committee of the Mohawk Association of Scientists and Engineers concerning civil defense activities in New York. The removal of the targets by urban dispersion has been cited as an alternative defense against enemy aircraft carrying hydrogen bomb. The first action taken by the Committee was to obtain more information. They wrote to the U.S. Department of Commerce for information, but in reply received encouragement to initiate a local dispersion survey. A detailed map of the area with the target zone was prepared by one of the Committee using U.S. Geodetic Survey maps and data from the Industrial Directory of New York.
- Published
- 1955
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Civil Defense and the Budget.
- Author
-
Stokley, Robert W.
- Subjects
PUBLIC spending ,PUBLIC finance ,U.S. states ,ATOMIC bomb ,CIVIL defense ,NUCLEAR weapons ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The article reports on the status of civil defense budget. An immense decline in the civil defense budget for District of Columbia in the fiscal year of 1952 and 1953 is noted. This shows that there is a weakening of support for civil defense as danger from enemy attack rises. With limited public funds, civil defense is considered marginal, and because of this, officials answered the question of a workable civil defense with several options including a total close up shop rather than maintaining an operation which intimidates to become a low-grade boondoggle. Another approach is to utilize more effectively the limited public funds provided for civil defense for each state.
- Published
- 1953
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. For A Citizen Army.
- Author
-
Stoddard, W.L.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) ,CIVIL-military relations ,PHYSICAL education - Abstract
Discusses the establishment of a “citizen army” in the United States under the term of President Woodrow Wilson. Recommendation of the executive government to the Congress on the citizen army creation patterned after the model of Switzerland or Australia; Advocacy of Major General Leonard Wood on the volunteer federal militia; Lack of knowledge regarding the citizen army; Essentials of the Swiss citizen army; Chief attention given to gymnastics and shooting rather than parades and drill; Excessive money involved in the maintenance of the U.S. Army; Difficulty of any program of preparedness presented to the Congress.
- Published
- 1915
46. Editorials.
- Author
-
John XXIII
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,LABOR movement ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) ,LABOR - Abstract
The article presents information on the editorials of the periodical. The first editorial discusses about civil defense. Civil defense has served two main purposes. In a society where work is at a premium, it has created paid jobs for some thousands of politicians and -retired military men and lesser functionaries and an outlet for the patriotic zeal of much large number of volunteers. Its major role, however, has been to convince the ordinary citizen that nuclear war need not be utterly catastrophic. The second editorial focuses on the U.S. labor and the defense economy. A recent conference in New York, sponsored by Cornell University, offered the labor movement an opportunity to canvass the issues and implications of the cold-war economy.
- Published
- 1963
47. Nuns Wearing Field Boots.
- Author
-
White, William L.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,WORLD War II ,AERIAL bombing ,PANIC ,AIR raid warning systems ,CHILDREN & war - Abstract
Focuses on the unnecessary fear created by the civil defense in the U.S. states in response to air raids by German planes during the World War II. Treatment received by Chinese cook due to suspicion of being Japanese; Role of the authorities during the first week of the World War II; Appraisal of the Great Britain government for discouraging hysteria in the face of slight danger as it realizes that every disturbance of routine means priceless man-hours of work lost to the war effort; Triviality of the Air-raid rehearsals staged in New York staged to test the audibility of a couple of giant sirens; Concern shown over the unnecessary panic created by the civil defense; Effect of the war related activities on mental health of children.
- Published
- 1942
48. Selling's Greatest Chance.
- Author
-
NORTON, C. Y.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,AMERICAN business enterprises ,UNITED States armed forces ,SALES personnel ,DEFENSIVE (Military science) - Abstract
The article discusses what America's national defense program means for American business. It refers to the U.S. armed forces as the biggest single customer with over 16 billion U.S. dollars to spend for steel and armaments and other peacetime products. It notes that the call for reserve officers will cause changes in some salesforces and 4 actions of actions would be to hire new salesmen, replace draftees with other company employees or split up territories to get wider coverage per salesman.
- Published
- 1940
49. The Contribution of Kahn.
- Subjects
MILITARY readiness ,AIR forces ,FIGHTER planes ,INTERCONTINENTAL ballistic missiles ,CIVIL defense ,FALLOUT shelters - Abstract
Analyzes the importance of the contribution of military strategist and systems theorist Herman Kahn to the rationale of passive defense. View of Kahn that the Air Force's fighter planes cannot shoot down intercontinental ballistic missiles; Suggestion of Kahn for the U.S. to project a convincing posture of firmness and a willingness to risk own destruction; Role of civil defense in credibility; Suggestion of Kahn regarding the implementation of the fallout shelter program of the U.S.
- Published
- 1962
50. Confusion on Olympus.
- Subjects
CIVIL defense ,DETERRENCE (Military strategy) ,INSURANCE ,MILITARY bases ,CITIES & towns - Abstract
Explores the reactions of several civil defense officials on the concept of U.S. President John F. Kennedy that civil defense is not deterrence but insurance. Explanation of a way in which civil defense contributes to deterrence by Lyman Lemnitzer, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; People who consider that civil defense is a part of deterrence, including New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller; Argument on U.S. military bases and cities as targets of attacks.
- Published
- 1962
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