Search

Showing total 2 results
Start Over Topic context Publication Year Range More than 50 years ago
2 results

1. On the Meaning of Names in Programming Systems.

Author

Fraser, A. G. and Randell, B.

Subjects
PROGRAMMING languages, COMPUTER operating systems, COMPUTER files, COMPUTER programming, FILES (Records), LOGIC
Abstract

61 It is assumed that there is a similarity of function between the data names of a programming language and the file names of an operating system. The two functions are discussed in terms of the same basic concepts in order to identify the extent to which they overlap. It is suggested that there is some similarity between the idea of a file directory and a storable object of type context. Manipulations with contexts are then discussed at length. It is noted that there is a simple extension of Church's A notation that deals nicely with these ideas of context manipulation. Whereas a function can be regarded as the abstraction based upon the first two terms of the expression γ(namelist)(expression)(valuelist), it is found that a context can be viewed as an abstraction based upon the first two terms in the equivalent expression μ(namelist)(valuelist)(expression). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1971
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Non-Originalism Differently: the Obligation of the Legislator to Respond to Changing Conditions

Author

Jana Kokešová

Subjects
Medical Terminology, Originalism, Legislator, Constitutional Court, Czech Republic, Changes, Society, Law, Statutes, Omission, Unconstitutional inactivity, Communication, Context, Content, Sources of Law, Law-making, Political science, Obligation, 16. Peace & justice, Medical Assisting and Transcription
Abstract

The question that the paper seeks to answer is formulated through reflections on the is-sues of non-originalism. Non-originalism refers to an approach to the interpretation of the Constitution where the text of the Constitution adapts to new conditions without any formal change. This approach is applied by courts which, in the light of new circumstances, interpret the Constitution in a different way. The question is whether the same approach should also be applied by the legislator. Should it be the legislator who monitors whether the Constitution has changed in substance as a result of changes in society and that some existing statutes thus have become unconstitutional? The paper concludes that the legisla-tor has an obligation to monitor and respond to such changes by amending or abolishing certain statutes or by adopting new ones. If the legislator fails to respond, then his behav-iour – inaction – is unconstitutional. However, the paper does not claim that the legislator must respond to all the changes in society, but only to those that are significant and obvi-ous. The legislator is understood as an institution, not as a member of the legislative body (based on the theory of the legislative intent). However, the institution of the legislator is a human creation and composed of individuals, and it is their knowledge that makes up the knowledge of the legislator. And it is precisely their possibilities that determine the bound-aries of what the legislator should know. In this text, the creation of law is understood as communication between the legislator, who is the author of statutes, and public bodies, who interpret and apply them. As with any communication, context is what determines it. The legislator’s obligations are derived from the content of the context, its function, and its essential position in communication.

Published
1970