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The article presents abstracts of geographical research papers. In the research paper "A Geographical Study of Nova Scotia," researcher R.H. Whitebeek discusses the geographic conditions of Nova Scotia. Lying nearer Europe and possessing many excellent harbors and peopled by immigrants from the best European stocks, the province of Nova Scotia in Canada has now, after 300 years, fewer people than the city of Boston, Massachusetts. Its total manufacturing output is less than that of single companies in New England, and the province has shared but slightly in Canada's economic growth.

Elaborates on the factors affecting the process of publishing a research paper. Quality and importance of the data, analysis, implications and writing; Marketing; Costs of publishing.

The article presents abstracts of all research papers presented during a meeting held as of March 1, 1972 that focused psychophysiological issues. A study on cardiac-somatic relationships in operant and Pavlovian conditioning was conducted by researchers. Comparisons of heart rate and foot flexion responses in dogs during classical and avoidance shock conditioning revealed no difference in heart rate conditional responses during avoidance or classical conditioning. Another study conducted by researchers focused on mean rate correlates of good and poor differential eyelid conditioning. The role of orienting responses in acquiring a differential conditioned eyelid response was studied by comparing a group of good conditioners with a group of poor conditioners.

The article presents titles and abstracts of various research articles, related to geography. "A Canoe Journey in Southeastern Labrador," by Henry G. Bryant is about Labrador, which with its large unexplored areas and comparative accessibility, presents an attractive field for the pioneer explorer. The Atlantic seaboard is desolate owing to climatic conditions produced by the Labrador current. In addition to that, the article presents information on various other abstracts related to geography.

The article presents comments of the author on the article, "Regional Differences in the World Atmospheric Circulation," by John R. Borchert, published recently in a issue of "Annals of the Association of American Geographers." Nonetheless there is considerable question concerning the significance of the five maps that are the core of Borcherts presentation. These remarks are directed to a brief consideration of the significance and interpretation of his maps. It is only proper to think that in the body and foothotes of his paper professor Borchert indicated some of the limitations of his study, that the scale of the maps did not permit the delineation of zones and regions in detail.

The article presents a reprint of the research paper which appeared in the Tweed Commissioners Annual Report for 1972 released in April 2, 1973. The paper reflects the results of the study on the growth of the 500 hatchery reared tagged brown trout with an average fork length of 25.0 centimeters which were released into the River Tweed, Scotland on March 29, 1972.

Considerable attention has been given recently to the perplexing problem of the relationship between attitudes and behavior (Ehrlich, 1969; Deutscher, 1969; Warner and DeFleur, 1969; Ajzen et al., 1970; Lastrucci, 1970; Tarter, 1970). Methodological issues have been debated, the lack of congruence between attitudes and behavior has been examined, and a variety of solutions have been offered. We are told, for example, that the continuing poor correlation between measured attitudes and overt behavior requires us to search for the intervening variable or variables which apparently obtain (Ehrlich, 1969); or to employ the "direct observation" of the phenomenon under investigation rather than try to extrapolate from paper-and-pencil tests to behavior (Deutscher, 1969); or to develop theories that, in turn, enable us to find indicators that are more valid than the paper-and-pencil type (Lastrueci, 1970); or to simply admit that attitudes as "presently conceptualized play no real role in behavior" (Tarter, 1970). A number of important aspects of attitude research, however, have been obscured or omitted in these discussions. For the surprising aspect of the situation is not, as has often been implied, the lack of congruence between attitudes and behavior, but the persistent use of research designs that are inappropriate for the complexity of the subject under investigation. Further, it is surprising that researchers have failed to draw out other important implications of their research. That is, the fact that an attitude does not lead directly to a behavior does not justify the assertion that attitudes play no role in behavior, or that attitude research lacks significant implications for social life. The basis for this latter statement will be shown below in a discussion of the values of attitude research. It may be that inadequate research designs, valued for their simplicity rather than their appropriateness, are a manifestation of the "publish or perish" syndrome. In any ease, this paper attempts to outline the problems and the values of attitude research, and to demonstrate thereby that such research is of great significance for the understanding of social phenomena. If that significance seems minimized by those studies that have found poor correlation between attitudes and behavior, the fault lies both in the failure to create research designs that reflect the complexity of the problem and in the tendency to exalt the importance of the proximate causes of overt behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is the thesis of this paper that the theoretical trend within the sociology of science during the past three decades has increasingly embraced an implicit organic model of science and this is an incorrect model of science. It is further hypothesized that a mechanical model is more appropriate, and many of the empirical "facts" which have supported the organic approach are equally valid for the mechanical. This paper presents an argument to support these hypotheses composed of the following parts. First, the organic and mechanical models are described and discussed as a composite of the famous typologies of Durkheim and Toennies. In addition, those aspects of these models which have undergone conceptual transformation since their early formulation will be discussed insofar as they have a bearing upon the application of the models to the scientific community. Second, the theoretical history of the sociology of science will be presented and critically examined to illustrate exactly how components of the organic model entered this history at various times and in various guises. Third, the social characteristics of science will be compared to the organic and mechanical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents comparison between the associations of British and American voluntary associations. The development of postwar research on the structure and functioning of voluntary associations has been uneven, and there have been marked differences between British and American research in this field. This paper offers a narrow definition of voluntary associations. It defines voluntary associations as groups in which membership is in no sense obligatory, which have a formal constitution, but which do not have paid officials at the local level. The next section of this paper places the subsequent analysis in context by pointing briefly to the very substantial similarities between research in Great Britain and the U.S. The third section discusses differences in the research environments of the two countries, and suggests their relevance to the main problem. The fourth section assesses the differences in research orientations between the two countries, as it has influenced the study of voluntary associations. The final section considers the effect of these differences upon the functional analyses that have been made.

Presents a reply to the commentary of John W. Pawling regarding the author's paper "Early Perception of a High Plain in Michigan." Summary of the main points of the paper; Examination of the reviewer's comments; Contentions on Pawling's claims.

The article profiles scientist Alfred Henry Sturtevant. It would be difficult to overestimate the importance of Sturtevant's scientific contributions to the development of present-day genetic concepts. On looking back on his papers, a biologist is often liable to feel that he could have done the work very much better 20 years later. Because this is not so for Sturtevant's most important papers, they are classics, which any student of genetics may read with profit, and are rightly reprinted. And students may be told tven if you don't discover anything as important as Sturtevant did, at least try to express yourself as clearly.

The article focuses on research papers of clinical psychology. It informs that the same definition of research was applied in culling these journals; papers were included in the survey if they presented systematic investigation of a specifically described group of subjects and the derivation of normative or comparative data from psychometrics, case histories, or therapeutic interviews; or analysis of administration, scoring, and interpretation of a given instrument. It further informs that it is necessary to recognize, however, that changes in editorial policy of certain of the journals have resulted in the acceptance for publication of a larger number of shorter papers.

The author clarifies the points made by critic Leonard Beeghley about his sociological research on four function paradigm. The critic is correct in his contention that the paper missed the point on the dual application in the four function paradigm. The reasons why the paper never went too far with the argument is the lack of necessity to do so. However, the author examined the propositions upon which the four function paradigm is based and finding them contradictory, felt there was no need to deal with the applications of the paradigm that depended upon the validity of the propositions. Furthermore, the difficulties in the paradigm are so abundant that quite independent additional arguments can be advanced against it. Thus, while the argument presented in the research that the paradigm's foundational propositions are contradictory, the arguments presented in the research is quite sufficient.

The article presents information on the papers that were submitted by researchers Earney and Mason on iron ore pellets published by the "Annals," in September 1969. Both papers contain some questionable statements and data. The paper by Mason contains a number of factual errors, and the statistical data used for analysis are inaccurate and, in some cases, practically meaningless. Some of the points that were noticed in the papers are presented in the article. The modest increase from fourteen to seventeen million tons between 1955 and 1960 was dramatically outstripped by pellet production in 1965 as output more than doubled from seventeen to thirty-eight million tons. These figures apparently are not from any publication of the U. S. Bureau of Mines, contrary to the implication given by Mason.

The article presents the announcement of a joint meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology and the European Society for Dermatological Research from May 17 through May 19, 1972. The purpose of this meeting will be to serve as a forum for the presentation of original dermatological research papers. Twelve minutes will be allotted per paper. All presentations must be in English. Simultaneous translation will not be provided. The program will be selected by a joint program committee of the two sponsoring Societies. The article also announces that the Third World Congress of the International Society of Tropical Dermatology will be held in Sao Paulo, Brazil, on September 13-18, 1974.

One of the major gaps in research in TST measured self-conception is data relevant to the assumption that self-conception is a stable structure of meanings attached to self. This paper indicates the inconsistency between current theoretical and empirical orientations in the area of self-conception and outlines three basic models of the processual characteristics of self-conception found in the literature. Using a ten wave panel design in which self-conception is measured repeatedly throughout the subjects' daily interactional routines, specific hypotheses derived from the models are tested. Results suggest which model is most appropriate for the description of the processual characteristics of various aspects of self-conception and the possible errors involved in the continued use of current self-conception research designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an approach to data analysis that assists the investigator in discriminating among specific relations corresponding to alternative scientific predictions about qualitative variates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two characteristics of MCPL research efforts relating to the manipulation of cue redundancy are noted. First, the fairly prevalent problem of experimental confounding of cue redundancy with other task parameters, and second, the lack of an analytical development of the mathematical relationships among cue validities, task predictability, and regression weights as cue redundancy is varied systematically. This paper provides such an analysis, and shows that some of the confounding experienced by earlier researchers may be obviated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the research paper which summarizes the major ecological effects and draws conclusions concerning weed-control which are of relevance in managing such bodies of water. It focuses on the applications, effects, and usage of the Paraquat, a poisonous yellow solid used in solution as a herbicide in the management of bodies of water.

The article presents the research paper which reflects on methods used by the Freshwater Biological Association to reduce the number of pike in Lake Windermere, England. Pikes reduced the food for the trouts, which are the most important fishes in the lake. The study found out that the long lining method caught more pikes but also eels and trout which could not be returned alive.

The article presents the program for the annual meeting of the Phycological Society of America at the Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona. The meeting will be held from June 16-22, 1974. The chairman of the program is Norma J. Lang. A field trip is scheduled on June 15, 1974. Researchers Dean W. Blinn and Gerald W. Prescott will lead the field trip. All sessions of the program at which contributed papers are presented are joint sessions of the Phycological Society of America and the Phycological Section of the Botanical Society of America.

Researchers have long been aware that when they become part of the system they are investigating, their own behavior may a.fleet the behavior they wish to study. Little data has been collected on the effect of respondents on the researcher and the consequences of this on tho research process. The problem is described and analyzed in this paper. We contend that respondents who have special qualities may intrude upon the researcher's role and make it difficult for him to collect necessary data. An illustration is presented from the authors' study of stripteasers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No research results are any better than the quality of the data. As scientists, survey researchers must share the problems of measuring, understanding, and controlling bias in their data. The potential sources of bias in survey research are many and varied. They may appear at any one or all of the several stages of the data gathering process. For example, they may occur in the selection of the sample, in the development of measuring instruments, in securing the responses of the persons in the sample, in the respondents replies, in the recording of the responses, and in processing the recorded responses. Even beyond the data collection process, bias may occur, as in the misapplication of statistics and in the interpretation of data. Progress has been made toward identifying and controlling sources of bias in some of these stages of the research process. Perhaps most progress has been made in the sampling stage and in the statistical application stage. Much advance has been made also in the reduction of error at the instrumentation stage. However, considerable work remains to be done on the problems of error control, especially biasing error, at all stages of the research between instrumentation and statistical analysis. This includes getting full response from the sample, accurate answers to the questions asked, and accurate recording and processing of responses. The accumulation of bias from these and other possible sources may be referred to as total or aggregate bias. The total bias may then be divided for analytical purposes into the following types: (1) sampling bias, (2) instrumentation bias, (3) non-response bias, (4) respondent bias, (5) interviewer bias, and (6) processing bias. This paper is an effort to deal with the problem of respondent bias in survey research. That respondent bias is a potent force in diminishing the validity and reliability of results from survey research is well recognized. The recognition of this condition has led to an enormous amount of activity aimed at isolating factors which determine this weakness of research results. These studies, by and large, have dealt with the problem of determining the direction of respondent bias, its magnitude, the speearle variables which produce respondent bias, and the effect of such bias on research results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we attempt to do the following with respect to the symbolic interactionist approach to social psychological phenomena: (1) to add to its relatively meager empirical base; (2) to develop a neglected aspect of the position, namely, the time dimension; and (3) to contribute to both the replication and the extension of the limited systematic research which has used this particular framework to focus on the key concept of self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A number of questions have been recently raised or re-raised with respect to the status and intended function in sociology of the methodological device known as the "type." Martindale's summary of the historical and contemporary uses to which the typology has been put as well as his formulation of the issues connected with such use permits the economy of moving directly into a specification of the problems considered in this paper, and the proposed solutions. The present effort is directed primarily at providing one solution to the often raised problem of "the relation between the idealization involved in the type and the empirical reality," although less pressing issues are also treated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is respectfully dedicated to Brian Haywood and André Grenier, of the McGill Sub-Arctic Research Laboratory, who lost their lives on the Korok River in northern Labrador-Ungava while engaged in filed research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consider two isarithmic maps of continuous actual or abstract phenomena in the same area. Research into the character of the relationship may be pursued in various ways depending upon the interests of the investigator and the level of generalization he hopes to obtain. This paper treats some of the cartographic problems inherent in such an investigation and presents the results of an inquiry into the relation between two statistical surfaces in the Great Plains area. If a correlation analysis were undertaken employing data derived from these two maps the resulting index of simple correlation would reveal that the two distributions are in general highly correlated positively, which is not a surprising fact.

Information about several papers discussed at the general meeting of the Institute is presented. Some of the participants of the event are H. J. Welch, Robert Witt, Cyril Burt, John Mann, and Ruth Balfour. Participants of the meeting discuss on how employees could adapt the job or to adopt the job to the worker. In addition, members of the organization talk about the development of research and education programs and the accumulation of funds for its programs.

The article presents two literary works, "Reitergeschichte," by Hofmannsthal and "Ein Landarzt," by Kafka. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the two literatures. It features the similarities of technique and also the in content, there are certain similarities that merit academic exercise. The similarities in the two works of literature mentioned befits a comparative stylistic and technical analysis. There are also dissimilarities and contrasts discussed in content and the plot of the two stories.

This article examines some theoretical aspects of information transfer and the possibility of distortion in the retransmission process in India. The data from the study demonstrate that there is cleavage in perception of innovations between change agents and their clients, especially those with whom they interact most frequently. These data support propositions derived from studies of serial transmission, suggesting that message distortion occurs. Furthermore, one can infer from these data that distortion may be most severe at an early stage in a series of transmissions and this is also consisted with much serial transmission research. The data indicate that professional change agents disagree in some important respects with their primary clientele with regard to innovations being advocated for further adoption in the study area. It is apparent from these data that any distortion which may occur in this field situation is not systematic in a particular direction. If cleavages of the kind described in the paper are more general in other planned contexts, in agriculture or family planning, or whatever the objectives of the program, then it may well be that further research on message distortion should have a high priority.

This paper presents the basics of digital logic operations, discusses the functional operation of electronic circuits which accomplish these operations and analyzes the operation of complexes of these circuits which may be used for counting, timing, and amplitude registration of the phenomena of interest in psycho-physiological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents reports of combined Annual Meeting of Canadian Academy of Endodontics and the American Association of Endodontists. The first day of the meeting featured the research seminar. The first paper was on a study concerning "Change in Dentine Brittleness Relative to Dehydration," by Douglas Stewart and Herbert Schilder of Boston University. Again from Boston University, Herbert Schilder and Roger Czarnecki reported on a "Histological Evaluation of the Human Dental Pulp in Teeth with Varying Degrees of Periodontal Disease."

Weiss [5] and Freeman and Weiss [2] have shown how to construct sampling plans which at least approximately minimize the maximum expected sample size in the case of Bernoulli and Normal populations. In this paper we construct sequential procedures of this type for the testing of an exponential parameter. An invariance property of the stepping region is presented which simplifies the construction of the Bayes regions. Several sampling plans are given and some of their properties are obtained, [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of some numerical evaluations concerning the performance of the TSPRT, and characterizes the situations in which the TSPRT is superior to some alternative procedures. Graphs for the application and study of the TSPRT are also presented, and some suggestive results of additional computations are discussed The calculations are based on the formulae of T. W. Anderson [1]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent attempts to develop symbolic interactionist methodologies have sought to treat the interview as an object of sociological enquiry as well as a research instrument. But their accounts in terms of interactional rules and presentation of selves are primarily concerned with reactions to interviews, and the display of the interview setting in talk is treated as a resource rather than as a topic for investigation. Since such a reliance on the availability of phenomena is also a feature of the `natural attitude', lay and sociological usages of the interview share striking similarities. More specifically, both employ the documentary method of interpretation and, in order to claim a correspondence between theft accounts and some external reality, use remedies to counter misunderstandings. On the basis of tapes of selection interviews, the paper examines the competences and policies routinely adopted to provide for the contexting of talk as interview talk. Given that talk serves to display its setting (this is its reflexive character), talk becomes interview talk as members' managed accomplishment of a knowable context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the range of samples used in recent English and American surveys and proposes an alternative to traditional techniques of sampling and significance testing which, it is suggested, may result in substantial savings in time and research resources. Three distinct applications of sequential sampling tests are illustrated by data derived from the Hull Family Survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a new equipment for investigating the density properties of minerals and rocks. A description is given of the principle and operation of a gravitation gradient tube, of density standards and of a device for the precise density determination and separation of minerals. The possibility of using the method described for geological and mineralogical studies is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the main trends in epigenetic research in the U.S.S.R. in the last. years: (1) Study of epigenetic zonality in thick series of sedimentary rocks of various ages and tectonic regions, (zones of unaltered clay matrix, of altered clay matrix, of quartizitic structures and hydromica-chloritic cement, and of prick-like structures and phyllite-like schists). (2) Principals of stadial analysis and mineral indicators of different epigenetic stages (clay minerals, organic matter, zeolites, feldspars, sulfides). (3) Facies of regional epigenesis connecting the main petrographic families or unaltered terrigenic rocks (quartz sandstones with kaolinitic matrix and the same composition of associated clays, acidic arkoses with hydromicaceous clays lithoclastic sands with several matrix components and associated clays, and volcanogenic greywackes) with ’related’ facies of regional metamorphism. (4) Some practical aspects of epigenesis are: for petroleum geology: maximum depth of burial according to porosity, interruption of quartz, feldspar, sphene, epidote, carbonate, biotite, and clay mineral epigenesis by oil migration; and for ore geology: (a) initial epigenesis: ore impregnation (e.g., volkonskoite of rock fragments; (b) deep epigenesis: e.g., galena impregnations due to release of trace elements during dissolution of rock forming minerals e.g., feldspars; and (c) metagenesis: ’Alpine’ veins across and along bedding, filled, e.g., with copper ores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the text of a paper given by psychologist R.B. Buzzard to the Occupational Psychology Section of the British Psychological Society on July 1, 1966, which deals with general practice. The National Institute of Industrial Psychology was founded 45 years ago with the object of fostering the application of psychological and physiological principles to the problems of working life. Together with the Medical Research Council's Industrial Fatigue Research Board, later its Industrial Health Research Board, with which it was closely associated in the twenties, it pioneered the way for investigations in this field. After the war, the few places in which research in industrial psychology had previously been carried on were surrounded by research groups in the fighting services, in government departments and ministries, in operational research groups in big industries, in university departments and laboratories and in technical colleges. But the groups which were concerned especially with industrial psychology have decided to examine particular aspects of the subject for intensive study. If one is to apply their results to the problems of working life in practice, one has to learn how the bits work when put together.

The paper describes a normative-descriptive strategy for cognitive research. In a set of illustrative experiments based on models from physics, subjects were asked to judge the positions and weights necessary to maintain equilibrium in mechanical displays of varying complexity. Whenever possible subjects' judgments were accounted for through the appropriate normative models; otherwise descriptive models were generated from the normative models and from the results of the other experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the wing-patterns of genus undersides of the two genera in question are dealt with. The fact is that the uppersides of many exotic genera of butterflies show some singular types of the wing-patterns which are so to say super-generic as the same type may occur in several genera and vice versa one genus may show several types. On the other hand no exact dependence is established of those upperside patterns upon those of the underside. To elucidate the indicated very complicate interrelations a special extensive research is necessary which has not been done.

The article focuses on research papers related to hermaphroditism in viviparous ophiurids. The statement of researcher Wyville Thomson that the eggs and embroys of Ophiacantha vivipara Ljungman species are found lying free in the body cavity in the interbranchial spaces is, evidently, due to the fact that the bursae of Ophiurids were unknown at that time. Amphiura magellanica Ljungman is hermaphroditic. The arrangement of the gonads is quite different from that known to occur in Amphipholis squamata.

The article presents a paper-and-pencil test that could discriminate the normal from manic and depressed states, a list of items was obtained which described behavior believed to be characteristic of these states. The test was ad- ministered routinely each week to patients on a research ward concerned with the manic-depressive illness. After five months, test scores were available from 9 patients who had been judged as clinically manic and 15 who had been judged as clinically depressed for various lengths of time.

This article focuses on research done on freshwater algae as of September 1968. Man's interest in freshwater algae undoubtedly extends back to prehistoric times. Many of early researchers were remarkably accurate in recording details of structure and reproduction. In 1847, professor Jacob W. Bailey published a short paper on the freshwater algae, mostly of the Catskill Mountains. He described two species of triploceras, a freshwater algae. Three Britishers who are important in this research are researchers William West, G.S. West and Felix Fritsch. The early work of Felix Fritsch was on the algal flora and ecology of Britain, Africa and Ceylon but he soon turned to morphology.

The article presents a discussion related to Jack P. Gibbs' work on analytical typologies in criminology. Gibbs treated as problematic an issue that has been closed for students in the field for sometime. The research was competent, its limitations clearly spelled out for the reader, and the results carefully tied to theory. Certainly, none of the others have attracted as much attention. Expectedly, the best scholarship was to be found among the papers on social theory. Unfortunately, most of these were agonizing efforts over where sociology has been and ineffectual attempts to redirect activity in a more promising direction. One has to constantly remind oneself that sociology began with three interests in mind, a distinctive subject matter, social reform, and the application of the scientific method to social behavior; that one is perilously close to forsaking the first two in mindless deference to the last in that important questions go unasked because one cannot attack them scientifically; that the questions one asks are becoming more and more scientific but more and more trivial, and, in so doing, one is, if not becoming psychologists, following psychology down the path to intellectual oblivion.

Presents the reply of the researchers to the commentary of Wolf Roder on their paper about the settlement of Sosúa, Dominican Republic. Inadequacy of Roder's analysis and reasoning on the situation described in Soú Inaccuracy of the critic's definition of symbiosis; Appreciation of the researchers for the interest of Roder in liberation movement.

The article presents a reply to David I. Blumenstock for his comments on the author's article, "Regional Differences in the World Atmospheric Circulation," which was published in the March 1953, issue of "Annals of the Association of American Geographers." According to him Blumenstock's remarks correctly note some of the weak points of the paper. They deserve attention and discussion. For example, some of the percentage figures which are indicative rather than conclusive, were obtained through counting the air mass frequencies as shown on the Northern Hemisphere Surface Maps issued by the U.S. Weather Bureau for the years 1919, 20, 21, 24, 25, 35. 36, 37, 38, and 1939.