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This paper examines the development of Chinese social media platforms and corresponding socio-economic indicators. Applying Bourdieu's concepts of cultural capital and Fukuyama’s concepts of social capital, this paper analyzes various social media platforms and their impact on mobility across social classes in China. Government regulations are highly involved in Chinese social media platforms. Through measuring education, consumption, income inequality, social mobility, and other related socio-economic indicators, this paper argues that the emergence of social media platforms revolutionizes the traditional social class structure and results in a unique social stratification in China. Social media platforms empower upper classes, middle classes, and working classes differently. This paper's central proposition is that the rise of social media blurs boundaries between middle and working classes, but strengthens the upper classes' distinctiveness and further consolidates their capital. The models applied in this paper advances our understanding of the rise of social media and its role in advocating for social mobility while also its role in facilitating class consolidation.

This paper deals with restructuring of library and information science curriculum for the challenge of ICT environment. The paper highlights the following areas: conceptual framework, qualities of Library and Information Science curriculum, rationale for restructuring library and information science curriculum, areas in library and information science curriculum that requires changes, rolls of National Association of Library and Information Science Educators (NALISE), Nigerian Library Association (NLA), Librarians Registration Council of Nigeria (LRCN) and other related bodies in restructuring of library and information science curriculum. The following Information Communication Technology (ICT) courses: electronic resources management, management of social media tools, website design and management, networks and networking, software design and management, database design and management, innovation and creativity were identified as ICT fields that can be integrated into the curriculum. The paper reveals that the curricula of most library schools in Nigeria examined do not contain some ICT components that are relevant to librarians in training for them to be effective in the modern society. The implication of the paper is that heads of library schools in Nigeria should identify the loop-holes in the curricula and take pragmatic measures in reviewing and restructuring the curriculum for library and information science education professional that can deliver in ICT dominated society.Key words: Library Science, Library School, Information Science, Curriculum, ICT Environment

Nowadays, computer technology and social media can be used in certain ways to create positive or negative images of political communicators. More and more people receive political communication with the use of electronic devices via the Internet and social media. The ways in which one can create and transmit images of political communicators have evolved. Companies use new methods of gaining and delivering political information to receivers. At present, information technology is sometimes used not only to send political information but also to manipulate the receivers and change their political views in the fight for support and to win elections. Electronic devices, the Internet and social media, can be used to gain support or to defame political opponents. This paper has been written to bring closer how social media participation, computer technology and software can be utilized to obtain information which then, neatly tailored, can serve as a tool to manipulate political views of addressees of political communication. This article presents the procedure of obtaining, processing and applying information in creating images of politicians by private companies. It also analyzes people’s awareness of ways in which social media communication can be used in creation of political image. Hence, a survey has been conducted to research the participation of university students in social media and their awareness of how the data obtained from them can be used in for political reasons. The paper also explains how incorporating and combining social media platforms, psychology, algorithms, the Internet and cutting edge computer software opened new ways to impact political views with political communication.

This paper aims to present the specifics of the Blessed M. Karłowska Care and Education Home for Girls in Poznań. At the beginning of my deliberations I referred to the rules prevailing in the institution. I have presented a number of restrictions that result from the internal rules of the center. I described the possibilities of using the Internet which result from prevailing restrictions. I moreover indicated the forms and ways of foster children’s use of the Internet and referred to theoretical reflections on the teenagers’ use of the Internet.

The FDA [Food and Drug Administration], America's consumer watchdog for food safety, needs a more effective means of communicating with all participants from food sources to consumers. This paper presents a pilot study using responses from an online survey to explore the feasibility of using social media to enhance the current food safety system in the U.S. While more research is needed, the results suggest that, although the primary users of social media are young and well-educated adults, social media networking can play an important role in the rapid dissemination of food recall notices and other preventive information in a message form that is more likely to be read or heard. Thus, the FDA should consider social media as an important tool in increasing the effectiveness of its overall strategy. Key Words: social network; social media; food safety; food recall INTRODUCTION The purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether food regulatory agencies such as the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) should adopt a strategy of using social networks to enhance the current food safety system. Research into organizational use of social networks is emerging (Carpenter, Li, & Jiang, 2012; Gulati, Nohria, & Zaheer, 2000; Rangan, 2000), but its strategic use by public organizations has not yet been studied (Mahon, Heugens, & Lamertz, 2004). BACKGROUND Food Safety and Public Policy "The FDA is supposed to be a watchdog for consumers, and for too long, this agency has been coming up short," said Jean Halloran, Director of Food Policy Initiatives at Consumers Union (Consumers Union, 2013). Corporations supplying processed foods in the United States are unable to guarantee the safety of their ingredients. Many do not even know who is supplying their ingredients, let alone if those suppliers are screening for microbes and other potential dangers (Moss, 2009). Currently, the strategic focus of public policy regarding food safety is "control" (e. g., preventive control standards and science-based measures). That control is accomplished in a variety of ways, including product recalls. Food recalls occur for many reasons, including biological or physical contamination or other quality issues. Recalls may be initiated by the manufacturer, distributor, the FDA, or the Department of Agriculture. For the recall process to function effectively, it is important to have rapid dissemination of information and traceability so any affected product can be identified and withdrawn from the market as quickly as possible. But the Food Safety Modernization Act is changing that as it has shifted the direction of food safety management from reaction to prevention. The U. S. President's Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) has advocated a new direction for the U.S. food safety system--a public health-focused approach. The FSWG is committed to modernizing food safety through partnerships with consumers, industry and regulatory agencies (Food Safety Working Group, 2009). The FSWG suggests a route toward a freedom-from-fear food safety environment through its charge: "To have safe food that does not cause us harm and to enhance our food safety systems" (Food Safety Working Group, 2009). Based on three principles set by the FSWG--prioritizing prevention, strengthening surveillance and enforcement, and improving response and recovery--FDA and FSIS are taking 1 action on two initiatives: the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) and the FSIS FIACCP-Based Inspection Models Project (HIMP). Food Safety and Social Media Although "... the systematic study of effective [food] recall communications is in its infancy" (Freberg, 2013; Hallman & Cuite, 2009), Freberg (2013) has shown that both attitudes and subjective norms influence consumers in their intention to comply with a food recall with attitudes having the greater impact. …

Although fresh intakes of communication design students have grown up with constant digital connectivity and social media, they grapple to comprehend the relationship between communication, legibility, and usability of an analogue, printed publication. New intakes of communication design undergraduates, lack aesthetic sensitivity and formal appreciation of printed type. They are at ease when exploring work digitally, or manipulating forms or text on the computer, but when it comes to design for print, and transcribing text onto non-scalable media e.g., paper, they struggle with basic notions of typography, like weight, size, legibility, and hierarchy of information. Consequently, two analogue, tactile studio activities were developed to complement teaching and learning, and assist students to increase their formal and aesthetic perception of type, typography, and communication design. This qualitative research takes a closer look at the two workshops, and considers its impact on the work produced by students. Aunque las nuevas entradas de estudiantes de diseño de comunicación han crecido con la conectividad digital constante y las redes sociales, también se esfuerzan por comprender la relación entre la comunicación, la legibilidad y la usabilidad de una publicación impresa. Para los estudiantes que ingresan al curso de pregrado en Diseño de la Comunicación, carecen de sensibilidad estética y apreciación formal de los medios físicos, como la impresión. Se sienten cómodos explorando digitalmente o manipulando formas o texto en la computadora, pero cuando se trata de diseño para imprimir en medios no escalables, por ejemplo, papel, adolecen de nociones básicas de tipografía, como peso, tamaño, legibilidad y jerarquía. de información. En consecuencia, se desarrollaron dos actividades analógicas para su aplicación en el estudio de diseño, con exploraciones táctiles para complementar la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y también para ayudar a los estudiantes a aumentar la percepción formal y estética relacionada con la tipografía y el diseño de la comunicación. Este artículo presenta dos talleres desarrollados con el fin de abordar el tema de la materialidad en el estudio del diseño y considera su impacto en el trabajo producido por los estudiantes. Embora novos ingressos de estudantes de design de comunicação tenham crescido com a conectividade digital constante e as mídias sociais, eles também se esforçam para compreender a relação entre comunicação, legibilidade e usabilidade de uma publicação impressa. Para alunos ingressantes na graduação em Design de Comunicação, falta sensibilidade estética e apreciação formal da mídia física, como o impresso. Eles ficam à vontade ao explorar o trabalho digitalmente ou manipular formulários ou texto no computador, mas quando se trata de design para impressão em uma mídia não escalonável, por exemplo, o papel, eles sofrem com noções básicas de tipografia, como peso, tamanho, legibilidade e hierarquia das informações. Consequentemente, duas atividades analógicas foram desenvolvidas para aplicação no estúdio de design, com explorações táteis para complementar o ensino, a aprendizagem e também pra ajudar os alunos a aumentar a percepção formal e estética relacionadas a tipografia e ao design de comunicação. Este artigo apresenta duas oficinas desenvolvidas com o intuito de abordar a questão da materialidade no estudo de design, e considera seu impacto no trabalho produzido pelos alunos.

The Internet produced transformations and chances. This article explains the theory of the Long Tail and how it applies to journalism. Two long tails are transforming the journalism, one related to the exchange of the value of stories over time and, to another one, the increasing number of blogs that, collectively, they are competing with the traditional media for the attention of the readers. The current scene indicates that although the traditional model sender-receiver to have been breached, the function of the journalist will not be extinct, a time that fits to this professional the election paper and of analysis of the important events that must be divulged. Moreover, it indicates that in the future the social media must follow the established communicative model in the participation of the user. A Internet produziu transformações e oportunidades. Este artigo explica a teoria da Cauda Longa e como ela se aplica no jornalismo. Duas caudas longas estão transformando o jornalismo, uma relacionada à troca dos valores-notícia através do tempo e, a outra, ao crescente número de blogs que, coletivamente, estão competindo com a mídia tradicional pela atenção dos leitores. O cenário atual indica que apesar do modelo tradicional emissor-receptor ter sido rompido, a função do jornalista não será extinta, uma vez que cabe a este profissional o papel de seleção e de análise dos acontecimentos relevantes que devem ser divulgados. Além disso, indica que no futuro os meios de comunicação social devem seguir o modelo comunicativo baseado na participação do usuário.

Social media such as blogs, wikis and digital stories facilitate knowled- ge exchange through social networking. Such media create a new forum within which dispersed audiences - including youth, regional and rural communities - can engage with museums to actively debate notions of identity, and voice these re- flections online. Social media can impact on formal and informal learning within the museum and the effect that this may have on notions of cultural identity. This represents a shift in the ways in which museums: ● act as trusted cultural online networks; ● distribute community knowledge; and ● view their role as custodians of cultural content. Museum communication systems such as exhibitions, public programs, outreach and education seek to provide complex cultural interactive experiences. Social me- dia challenge existing communication models, and few museums have clear strate- gies for engaging communities in content creation. This paper will investigate some of the issues surrounding the use of social media in museum programs and will argue that there are strong epistemological reasons for using social media to add value to museum programs. Keywords: Social media, museum communication, web 2.0, museum learn- ing.