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President of the American Sociological Society Louis Wirth is planning for a Section on Contributed Papers for the next annual meeting that is to be held in New York from December 28 to 30, December, 1947. Although this Section is particularly de- signed for those younger members of the Society, including graduate students, who have not yet had an opportunity to appear on the pro- gram in other sections, contributions from other members of the Society will be welcome. Since this Committee is working closely with the Committee on Research, it is being urged that members who have completed research papers suitable for oral presentation and which do not fall within the scope of other Sections be offered for consideration in the Section on Contributed Papers.

An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Department of Sociology, The university of Rochester, October, 1966. The paper was written while the author was on leave of absence from the Department of Sociology, Syracuse University, as a visiting scholar at the Laboratory for Social Research, Stanford University. This investigation was supported in part by a Public Health Service fellowship MH 23,804-01 from the National Institute of Mental health. Much of the background for this paper was obtained while the author was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences, Stanford University (1964-1966) and the Laboratory for Social Research, Stanford University (1966-1967). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports on the Fifth World Congress of Sociology organised by the International Sociological Association (ISA), at the Shoreham Hotel, Washington D.C., during 2-8 September, 1962, under the auspices of UNESCO and in collaboration with the American Sociological Association. The meetings brought together 1,030 participants from fifty one countries. Three main themes dealt with were, sociologists, policy-makers and the public, the sociology of development, the nature and problems of sociological theory. Many of the 240 invited contributions and the main papers presented to the plenary sessions are being published in the periodical "Transactions," volumes I and II of which have already appeared. Volumes III and IV will be published during the spring of 1963 and will contain reports on the discussions, a representative selection of the shorter papers and a list of the participants. Grants from the American Council of Learned Societies, the National Science Foundation and the Social Science Research Council enabled the ISA to pay the travel expenses of most of the principal contributors and to offer free charter flight tickets to 80 young research workers from twenty countries.

The article presents a discussion on migration rate in the U.S. with reference to the paper by James D. Traver and William R. Gurley which is based on use of multiple regression model in demographic and sociological research. It suggests that if net migration rates is to be explained or sources influencing migration are to be found, the joint influence of two or more variables should be measured as median family income, median years of schooling, percent adults who have completed four or more years of high school, county net migration rates. It views that two highly intercorrelated measures of education are used in the paper which results in measuring the same things again. It is also suggested that a variable representing natural increase should be introduced to calculate the migration rate because areas with high natural increase rates are more likely to lose population by migration whereas areas with low natural increase rates are more likely to gain population by migration. It is viewed that despite of these problems also, the paper is able to handle some very complex and difficult problems.

This article presents information on transactions of the fifth world congress of sociology held during September 2-8, 1962, in Washington D.C. Volume one contains main contributions to the plenary sessions on "The Sociologists, the Policy-Makers and the Public" and "The Nature and Problems of Sociological Theory." The first theme is treated from the point of view of communication between sociologists and policy-makers, and between sociologists and the general public. Papers dealing with the second theme attempt to define the character of sociological explication, to make a historical survey of sociological theories, and estimate their value. The contributors to this volume are, A. Sauvy, D. Chosh, R. Treves, A. Vratusa, R. Weitz, E.C. Hughes, T. Agersnap, F. Fernandes, S. Groenman, J. Hochfeld, R. KOnig, E. Geilner, H. Lefebvre, A.K. Saran and P.A. Sorokin. Volume two, entitled "The Sociology of Development," deals firstly with early stages of growth and contains papers on following topics; new groups, entrepreneurship, the development of a labour market, economic requirements of modem industrialization, urbanization and the traditional work ethos.

The article presents a paper on the three levels of value-judgment in sociology. The three levels are--value-judgments as objects of sociological research, value-judgments as postulates of sociology, and metasociological value-judgments. It is evident that the sociologist cannot avoid making metasociological value-judgments. Whoever carries on a sociological investigation makes the metasociological value-judgment that the problem he studies is worth studying. Whoever constructs a sociological system makes the metasociological value-judgment that this particular approach is worth while and significant. A little reflection will show that these value-judgments belong in an entirely different category from those which have been discussed. Those discussed previously ascribed some value to the phenomena which sociology studies to the present condition of race relations in the U.S., for example while metasociological value-judgments ascribe some value to sociology itself, to sociology in general or to some particular approach or application of sociology.

The article presents a detailed description of the American Sociological Society along with information on its annual meeting to be held in September 1951 in the U.S. Article II of the society's constitution states that the objective of the society is to stimulate and improve research and encourage cooperative relations among people associated with the scientific study of the society. Article III states that any person interested in the society's objective is eligible for membership. According to Article VIII, the society can solicit and receive funds and endowments. Several papers will be presented at the society's annual meeting. Some of them include a paper on "Demography and Human Ecology," another on "Sociology of Religion," and another on "Sampling and Social Structure."

In this paper, the author proposes a social psychology research, which may increase understanding of inter-personal relations in the U.S. The methods which seek to take account of the individual as a dynamic process are the clinical ones. These approaches will be best used when coordinated with other techniques already developed in the field of social psychology. An example of such coordination in the investigation of social psychological problems is to be found in the University of California Public Opinion Study. For the study of anti-democratic trends, projective techniques have been found valuable. Whereas in the area of internal economic tensions, an assessment center is needed to incorporate principles such as: basing of research upon a fundamental theory of personality; assessment of persons as wholes and as members of natural groups; use of multiform clinical procedures with the techniques of attitude and opinion measurements.

This paper outlines the emergence of rural sociology as a science, sketching briefly its backgrounds and pointing out some of the obstacles which confronted it along with other sciences. The discussion relates rural sociology to the early developments in the philosophies and methodological conceptions of science. From this point, the account turns to the work of Charles Josiah Galpin at the University of Wisconsin. The narrative includes a sketch of the development of three major schools of rural sociology -the "Wisconsin School," "the Cornell School," and the "Minnesota- Harvard School." Then there is a discussion of some of the problems of modern rural sociological research, emphasizing areas of neglected and new subject matter for future study. The paper closes with a renewed appeal for objectivity to the end of achieving a more rationalistic logico-experimental science for the future than has existed in the past, while maintaining objectivity as the servant of human understanding rather than allowing it to become the master of human reason. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the nature of the health research in progress at Ohio State University. The concern of the paper is with mental health. It discusses the reasons for undertaking health research, the objectives of such research, and the methods used. Studies completed and in process are likewise reported.

This paper reports on the nature of the health research in progress at the University of Missouri. The concern of the paper is with physical health. It discusses the reasons for undertaking health research, the objectives of such research, and the methods used. Studies completed and in process are likewise reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the nature of the health research in progress at Michigan State University. The concern of the paper is with physical health. It discusses the reasons for undertaking health research, the objectives of such research, and the methods used. Studies completed and in process are likewise reported.

Academic employment depends on student enrollment. The bull market in higher education in the U.S. that ran from the mid-thirties to the present has passed its crest. In fact, it appears from a recent release by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics that, while college enrollments did not drop absolutely until just this year, they began to recede relatively four years ago. The proportion of white high school graduates who entered college reached 57 percent in 1968, then began to fall, until by September of 1972 it had dropped to 49 percent. This paper was specifically commissioned to suggest some changes in the training of sociologists designed to increase sociological opportunities. Another way of stating the article's purpose is to answer the question on the difference between the training for non-academic positions and training for academic positions. Far from presenting temptations to dilute academic training for sociological research, preparation for the role of non-academic sociologist would take for granted all usable benefits that conventional research training has to offer, then add to it in a number of important respects. The activities in which sociologists have hitherto been employed within non-academic institutions have been primarily in research and research will figure heavily in their activity in the future-with certain qualifications. The article, therefore, focuses on just those types and methods of research which are relevant and important to these institutions, in preparation for which current academic training needs to be substantially supplemented.

The article presents information about the 1961 annual meeting of the Midwest Sociological Society will be held in Omaha, Nebraska on April 27, 28, and 29. Papers of not more than 25 minutes reading time should be in the hands of the proper chairman not later than January 15, 1961. The papers to be discusses include topics like population, community studies, criminology, family, methods and techniques of research, occupational and industrial sociology and others.

The paper presents comparison between the associations of British and American voluntary associations. The development of postwar research on the structure and functioning of voluntary associations has been uneven, and there have been marked differences between British and American research in this field. This paper offers a narrow definition of voluntary associations. It defines voluntary associations as groups in which membership is in no sense obligatory, which have a formal constitution, but which do not have paid officials at the local level. The next section of this paper places the subsequent analysis in context by pointing briefly to the very substantial similarities between research in Great Britain and the U.S. The third section discusses differences in the research environments of the two countries, and suggests their relevance to the main problem. The fourth section assesses the differences in research orientations between the two countries, as it has influenced the study of voluntary associations. The final section considers the effect of these differences upon the functional analyses that have been made.

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The purpose of this paper is to show how selective perception operates in organizational settings to make members perceive the behavior of other members differently. The data come from a study directed by researchers P.F. Lazarsfeld and Wagner Thielens of how college teachers in the United States reacted to threats posed to academic freedom during the McCarthy investigations in the early 1950's. More than 2,400 social science teachers from 165 colleges were interviewed. They were asked questions dealing with attitudes toward academic freedom for teachers and students, awareness of specific incidents involving threats to academic freedom, apprehension and fear resulting from such incidents, beliefs about reactions of other teachers to the same events. There exists a considerable literature on experiments designed to test the validity of ideas in the functional approach to perception. Some attempts have been made to state systematic theoretical formulations which try to account for the empirical findings. Expectations, needs and emotional states sometimes make perception selective. People who live in the same milieu or are otherwise exposed to identical stimuli, but who differ with respect to their expectations, needs and emotions will perceive attributes of people or other objects present in the milieu differently. One way in which these factors make perception selective is by increasing people's sensitivity to cues indicating the presence of objects or behaviors relevant to the state of motivation or the attitude.

This paper suggests the need for sociologists to think objectively and scientifically. According to the author, sociologists possess a certain methodology, a certain well-tried scientific technique for distinguishing between truth and falsehood in the studies they make. This method is characterized by objectivity. The author begins by describing the characteristics of scientific social thought and of what sociologists may call folk social thought. He aims to analyze and contrast the two methodologies. Next, the author tries to inquire why trained and competent social scientists lapse so frequently into folk thinking. He notes that there exists a very large and articulate group of U.S. sociologists who may be appropriately named the positivists. These men share a common faith in certain articles of belief such as determinism, the non-existence of moral absolutes, and the impossibility of revealed religion. The author notes that while sociologists recognize the perverse folk thinking of the positivistic sociologists, they should be on their guard lest they fall into the same error themselves. According to the author, sociologists have a special obligation to think objectively and scientifically in time of war.

This paper attempts to examine the concept of relative deprivation, of ten used in the analysis of conflict and riot situations in the United States, in its possible applications to the present situation in Northern Ireland. Three major factors have been identified, which causes civil disturbances: a history of strife, disputes about the legitimacy of the political system and persisting and short-term deprivation. A group may be said to be relatively deprived when a comparison is made between its situation and that of another identifiable group and it is shown to be at a disadvantage. It is necessary to note the distinction between the extent to which a group estimates itself to be deprived compared to another, and the actual extent of the difference, if any. The use of the concept also pre-supposes a criterion for evaluating a situation as one of deprivation. A group will have a criterion to justify considering itself relatively deprived, whether in terms of fairness, merit, justice, inequality of treatment or lack of equal opportunity. If a group considers the inequalities it endures are justified, it will not feel relatively deprived.

The article focuses on the development of civil defense in relation to American regions. In considering this development this article begins with three assumptions. First, it assumes that civil defense comprises a needed protection for communities during the nuclear age. A second assumption of this paper is that the regional approach to the study of civil defense is a valid, appropriate, and promising one to be used along with other approaches. Thirdly, this paper makes a pair of specific assumptions for practical working purposes, one applying to civil defense, the other to regions. In citing the development of civil defense activities it relies exclusively on the official data of the Federal Civil Defense Administration as published in its annual reports. By this study, authors' concluded that the need for civil defense protection varies considerably in the sense that some regions have far greater urban-industrial concentrations than others, and such concentrations would be expected to be the preferred targets of enemy attack; civil defense activities and accomplishments have also been shown to vary significantly according to regions.

This paper looks into the change in retail and service activities in a sample of Wisconsin villages. A documentation of recent trends in trade activities by village and a review of the patterns of change by individual functions are likewise presented. The findings are intended to update previous research and to provide a more detailed description of trends in individual activities. Retail activities were plotted according to their frequency of occurrence in the sample at each time to depict which activities were increasing or decreasing in importance. Village population was then compared with the functional offering at each time and population change was compared with change in the number of functions.

This article presents various developments in the field of sociology. The next annual meeting of the American Public Health Association for selection of papers for the Medical Care Section program will be held during October 26-30, 1970, at Houston, Texas may submit their papers. The "Indian Journal of Sociology" is now being published twice a year by the Academic Journals of India, a nonprofit organization. Researcher Harold Capener and Jerry Stockdale are principal investigators for the "Paths Out of Poverty," a rural poverty project at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Two new research projects have been initiated in South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota. The first of these is a project dealing with recreation for the state of South Dakota, and the second is a project dealing with low-income families of the poverty program with special emphasis on the surplus commodities aspect of the program. A team in the Department of Rural Sociology, South Dakota State University are developing a team teaching approach to the introductory sociology course of the department.

This paper explores the thesis that in a rural low-income area with a high rate of out-migration, the social class position of a family influences the pattern of out-migration, the structure of the migration process, and the economic life chances of individual migrants and families in the areas of destination. Data are from a restudy, after twenty years, of persons who had been living in three isolated mountain neighborhoods in eastern Kentucky. It was found that social class differences in the form or strategy of out-migration contributed to the maintenance and stability of tile social class hierarchy within this migration system. A migrant's social class origin influenced not only when he left the mountains, where he moved, and with whom, but also his subsequent level of living in the urban area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the author, rural sociologists are expected to perform a services which demand coordination of research and extension roles. Little attention is paid to the research interpretation process. This is a relevant activity in most research in rural sociology. The author presents a cases in which the importance of research importance had been granted. Attention is given to three phases of research interpretation. It included the definition of the educational problem, translation of the educational problem into research design and the dissemination of research findings through personal contact and publication. The specific case described in the articles is a cooperative project being conducted by Mississippi State College and the Tennessee Valley Authority in Alcorn County, Mississippi. The substantive problem of the study is the role of the community club in the transmission of agricultural and homemaking practices and other information, and its function in general neighborhood development.

The purpose of the present study was to test two hypotheses concerning relationships between farm income and the adoption of farm practices. The first hypothesis is that there is no association between adoption of new farm practices and net farm incomes. The second hypothesis is that farm operators will designate as "best farmers" other operators who are like themselves in net farm income. Viewed in terms of the conceptual framework previously stated, the second hypothesis implies an assumption that the "best farmers" serve as models of behavior in the adoption of farm practices as well as in a general sense, that they rank high in adoption of practices, and that, at least by example, they serve to promote the acceptance of new farm practices. Data on the adoption of 20 extension-recommended farm practices were obtained from a random sample of 200 Rock County, Wisconsin, farm owner-operators. Each respondent was given an adoption score representing that proportion of the practices applicable to his own farm which he was following in 1951, the year preceding the survey.

Sociological associations in the U.S. are generally viewed as existing on two levels: national and regional. A third level, however, does exist: the intra-regional. Even though sociologists know very little about organizing at this level, intra-regional associations may become increasingly important to the discipline because of labor market pressures, broader participation in the profession by teaching sociologists, the influence of revenue sharing on research funding and the energy crisis. Intra-regional associations are frequently referred to as state associations; however, the data indicate the former classification is more valid. The purpose of this article is to describe the organization of sociology on the intra-regional level. How little sociologists know about this level was demonstrated early in the research. A roster of intra-regional associations was not available from the national or the regional levels. Consequently, a letter was sent to the sociology department chairman at a university in each state. A questionnaire was sent to each association and it was filled out by one or more current and/or recent officers. Attitudes expressed by the respondents should be considered their own and not representative of the total membership.

The article focuses on an American Association of Public Opinion Research session, conducted towards facilitating better communication between survey researchers and their potential clients in government in the U.S. According to the author, in the commercial field, while communication problems exist, marketing people by now understand uses and limitations of attitude research. They have learned how to read and interpret survey results to the point where today no sensible marketer would launch a major program without research. In public affairs, on the other hand, there is no such clean test of the public's reaction to an official's performance. The result is sometimes disregard of the attitudinal aspects of a decision, or more often the substitution of the official's prejudices for solid knowledge of attitudinal matters. The other purposes of the session included finding out reasons as to why surveys are not more often used, with opinion research winning little acceptance in the executive branch of the U.S. government.

This article discusses the contributions of Catholic sociologists to the sociology of religion. To the generally low estate of the sociology of religion in the U.S., the contributions of Catholic sociologists have added little. Unfortunately, their lack of interest and their scholarly non-productivity in this area not only parallels the situation found among sociologists of other religious persuasions but is compounded by considerations unique to the identification of the former with the Catholic Church and Catholic institutions of higher learning in the U.S. To Catholic sociologists the impact of a secular and/or Protestant American culture on a predominantly immigrant and urbanized Catholic population has, in its numerous aspects, long constituted a problem natural in its research possibilities and practical policy implications. From the beginning, however, the major dimensions of this problem have been identified almost exclusively in terms of the practice of the faith. Despite the fact that the critically important social relationships in Catholic life, those among the clergy and the laity, have for centuries had the parish for their setting, Catholic sociologists have until recently neglected to study this unit of the Church as a distinctive social organization.

In accordance with Section 10, Article V of the Constitution of the American Sociological Society, the Committee on Research is appointed annually by the President and is charged with the specific responsibility for planning and promotion of the research activities of the Society. Through the years Committees on Research have chosen to implement their responsibility in ways which, viewed in the perspective of the reports available in the "American Sociological Review," appear quite similar. The primary activity has been the conducting of a Census of Research. From 1937 to 1949 the census was printed in the Review. The 1949 report, set so that there were 34 items per page, cost the Society approximately $600, estimated at the rate of $25 per page. This cost was deemed to be excessive and during the period 1950, 1951, and 1952 only statistical tabulations from the census were reported. To understand better the utility of the Census and its validity as a reflection of the research activities of sociologists, the Committee included evaluation items in the Census blank and conducted an informal inquiry among the regional societies. The evaluation blank was returned by only 680 of the approximately 4,000 members of the Society. The evaluation of the Census cannot, of course, be regarded as successful with this rate of non-return.

The article focuses on a study concerning intermarriage between religious groups namely, Protestants, Catholics, and Jews in the U.S. The findings are based to test the validity of the triple-melting- pot hypothesis in Catholics and assimilation between the three groups. The study found variations in rates of intermarriage from one section of the country and the principal. The factors determining the difference include the relative percentage of Catholics in the total population, the presence of cohesive ethnic sub-groups in the community, and the socio-economic class of the Catholic population. A much higher mixed marriage rate for Catholics was found than the formulators of the triple-melting-pot hypothesis believed.

This section presents news briefs on congresses and meetings organized in relation to research and teaching of sociology in the U.S. The main business of the council of the International Sociological Association (ISA) at the meetings in Varna, Bulgaria, held in September 1970, was to adopt a revised constitution. A preliminary draft of a revised constitution had been prepared by a committee chaired by Stein Rokkan. The document provided for much wider membership participation in the affairs of the ISA. On the other hand, in his book The Coming Crisis of Western Sociology, professor A. Gouldner foresees the possibility of a rapprochement between Western and Soviet-Marxist sociology. The World Congress of Sociology was a highlight for the sociological and ideological establishment of the East European Communist countries. Convened under a president from a socialist country, and held in such a country, the congress was attended by many delegates from eastern Europe. Meanwhile, the First National Congress on Optimum Population and Environment was conceived in January 1969 when four individuals active in the environmental reform and population control movements met at a meeting addressed by a population biologist. A six-member program committee organized the congress into plenary sessions and small work groups.

The article focuses on "Sabines" a racial hybrid in Louisiana. Historically, the position of the racial and cultural hybrid in rural American society has received but little attention from sociologists. Beginning with the twentieth century, however, and especially since 1930, a number of social scientists have centered their investigations on such marginal groups. The acculturative processes associated with the formation of hybrid groups are as difficult to analyze as they are sociologically interesting. Nevertheless the complexity of these processes may be viewed as challenge rather than as a barrier to social investigations. Among those areas of the United States where hybrid groups are found, Louisiana constitutes an interesting socio-cultural laboratory for such research. Partly because of the heterogeneous racial and ethnic character of the state's population, with its concomitant diversity of cultures, and partly because of its geographical position, Louisiana contains a number of racial and cultural "islands," the inhabitants of which range in color from brown to near white. This paper is a preliminary report on a tri-racial group, decisively called the "Sabines," who inhabit the marshy fringe of a Louisiana parish bordering the Gulf of Mexico. These persons, of mixed White, Indian, and Negro ancestry, have a unique history.

The paper presents the data gathered in three studies made of the curriculum in sociology in white and Negro colleges and universities, teachers' colleges and junior colleges in the States east of the Mississippi River and south of the Ohio and Potomac Rivers. The first part is based on a study of the catalogues of 102 colleges and universities, slightly more than one-half of the accredited institutions in this area. An analysis is made of the colleges offering a major in sociology, the catalogue hours listed in sociology, and the educational background of the sociological faculty. The second part is based on a study of 60 catalogues of four-year colleges in the same region and summarizes data with respect to the college year in which the courses are offered and the prerequisites which must be met before they can be taken. The third part analyzes the replies of 39 heads of sociology departments in the south-eastern States' to questionnaires sent out in November, 1944. The college catalogues analyzed were those for the school year 1940-41, which was considered to be the last normal year prior to the war.

This paper traces the development of the Social Survey movement in England and the United States, with particular emphasis on the latter, and also attempts to delineate the reciprocal influence it had upon American sociology. In looking at the history of this movement an attempt is made to show how it must be approached in terms of contemporary ideologies. Research of this kind was characterized not only by a previously absent concern with the understanding of the total community by empirical means, but also by a search for the source of social problems which looked not to the individual but to the larger society. During the early decades of this century the Survey movement affected sociological research and writings in the areas of both methodology and community studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Library users, in comparison with non-library users, spend more time reading; read more magazines regularly; read more books; have more books in the home; and are more interested in various types of reading matter, In addition, they are better educated, belong to more organizations, and rank higher in the socio-economic indices. This may indicate that the library is associating itself with members of the upper social classes, and is neglecting a large potential reading public in the lower classes. This thesis is partly corroborated by the fact that the reading behavior of families of leaders, whether users of the library or not, tends to parallel that of families of the cross-section sample who use this library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the annual rate of departure of rural youths from their parental homes. The departure of a rural youth from his parental home is an event of social significance. It involves the breaking up of old and the formation of new family units. The rate at which young people leave their home varies with certain social and economic factors such as farm income, opportunity for non-farm or urban employment, social status of parents of youth, sex, race, education and family composition. The article presents preliminary results of a study of 1,703 rural families in North Carolina counties to measure the exact rate at which young people have been leaving their home. The basic data needed for the calculation of the departure-rates are year of birth or age and year of departure or age at time of departing. A tabulation of the age and year of departure of all offspring in the families have been studied. The trend of departure-rates over a period of 20 years has been analyzed by age, sex, color and tenure and relief status of parents.

This article presents a report of the Committee on research. This report might be titled, "Committee in Search of a Function," for so it is. The Committee on Research met during the 1962 annual meeting of the Association in Washington D.C. The chief agenda item concerned the continued existence of the Committee and of the annual census of research. Committee members expressed the opinion that the annual census of research is useful to program chairmen in recruiting papers. The Committee agreed to help the Administrative Officer in classification or rejection of dubious cases. Concerning the first problem, it was suggested that a specific disclaimer of representativeness be printed prominently on the report of the annual census.

The Liaison Committee of the American Sociological Society has been moderately active during the recent year. Its accomplishments and failures are as follows. Failed to interest anyone in the publication of anything related to relationships between Sociology and the Teaching of the Social Studies in the school. Arranged an open meeting of the Liaison Committee with two outstanding teachers of the Social Studies in Illinois as guest consultants for September 8, 1954 in connection with the current meetings of the American Sociological Society. The committee has arranged two meetings dealing with sociology and its application to the teaching of the social studies at the meetings of the National Council for the Social Studies to be held at Indianapolis, November 26, 1954. It is to the interests of the American Sociological Society to be concerned with the nature and quality of the teaching of Sociology on all educational levels. The discipline is faced with the problem of communicating its body of fact and theory to the American public by all appropriate means.

The International Sociological Association is the recognized international body which seeks to promote the development of sociology on a world wide basis. Its membership embraces 35 national sociological organizations from countries like Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Taiwan, Czecho-Slovakia, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Jugo-Slavia and Mexico. Chief ways in which the International Sociological Association endeavors to further the development of sociology on the world scene are through the publication of the periodical "Current Sociology," the establishment of sub-committees on research, and the periodic holding of world congresses of sociologists. "Current Sociology" is the only scholarly journal officially dedicated to serve the world community of sociologists. This publication, now in its eighth volume, deserves the full support of American sociologists. Another major endeavor of the International Sociological Association is to hold world congresses of sociologists.

This article presents information on the report of the Committee on Resolutions of the American Sociological Society (ASS), as of February 1, 1942. The Committee on Resolutions submits several resolutions for consideration by the ASS. The committee asked that it should be resolved by the ASS that, in the period of national emergency, social research and the teaching of sociological facts about the U.S. and U.S. communities should continue freely and with increased vigor, so that the U.S. may better understand its problems and be better prepared for world reconstruction at the termination of the present period of conflict. In view of the extraordinary opportunity for cooperation between teaching and research in sociology in Latin American countries; in view of the cordial relationships being developed; and in view of expressed wishes of representatives of the Americas; it should resolved that the ASS encourage both general and specific efforts toward cooperation, as, for example, exchange scholars and a clearing house for information on sociological research and publication.

The article discusses sociological research and curriculum. Researcher Robert I. Kutak has made a very sympathetic analysis of the sociology curricula of southeastern colleges and universities. The conclusions he reaches are presented as questions for further analysis and experimentation. He has shed light without heat upon the content of a conceptually accepted field of knowledge called sociology, turned into a shambles because of the defects indicated in his conclusions. In the author's mind, however, the analyst created a Dali-like picture of two or three hundred Academic Men called Sociologists, each pirouetting in fiendish glee on quicksands labeled Courses, while on the nearby solid ground, other Academic Men called Scientists, Humanitarians and Philosophers gaze in wonderment at theft efforts to keep from sinking down. This problem, however, is not a regional one; it is characteristic of the whole field of sociology. The peculiar regional aspects are reflected in the papers by Professors Beard and Brooks, each of which has import for the curriculum analysis.

The article presents information on two bulletins on changes in agriculture in Montana. These bulletins are "Readjusting Montana's Agriculture: Land Ownership and Tenure," by Roland B. Reene and "Readjusting Montana's Agriculture: Population Resources and Prospects," by Roland R. Reene and Carl F. Kraenzel. Both bulletins present census and other materials for readers unable to secure these materials from the original sources. Both describe briefly the present situation and future prospects and include short discussions of the causes of the changes which have occurred. Each relies largely on the use of cross-hatched maps as aids in presentation and each avoids the use of tables. The use of these bulletins will lead to demands for similar presentations relating the trends in Montana to those in other states.

The article discusses that in the early 1950's a research committee within the International Sociological Association (ISA) was formed around the topics of social stratification and mobility. An important impetus to this convocation of international interests was the dearth of empirical studies of occupational mobility in the industrialized and industrializing nations of the world by which to assess sociological speculations regarding the interplay of cultural values, economic development, and changes in institutionalized inequalities and social stratification. Subsequent parametric estimates of mobility in Italy, the United States, and Australia were published by Lopreato (1965), Blau and Duncan (1967) and Broom and Jones (1969) respectively. Now, a second generation of national mobility studies is underway, with some already out of the field and others well under plan. Owing to interim developments within the discipline, these second generation studies promise greater comparability of data and clearer insights into comparative sociological processes than did the first generation.

This article points out certain definite limitations on the possible expansion of applications of the opinion research. According to the author, there are surprisingly few operationally significant questions for the policy maker as to which any public opinion exists at all. The overwhelming bulk of these questions are questions of means and not of ends. The fact that different ends would require different means, is of course true but largely irrelevant, since, within the context of the particular decision, the ends are not open to discussion. This is not to say that policy makers or policy advisors are automatons, whose moral judgments are forever in suspension, or that they are not concerned with ultimates, but rather that ultimate questions can only occasionally be reopened for serious examination, otherwise the examination is apt to lose its serious character. There has been a good deal of vague talk currently about substituting a so-called "peace race" for the arms race, which is said to have passed the point of usefulness when the U. S. has developed what is called an "over-kill" capacity. And there is an attempt by various private groups to mobilize public opinion in support of this notion.

The need for comparative research has been a persistent theme in the literature of community sociology for some time. Although comparative studies are being undertaken with greater frequency, a major problem associated with their design and execution stems from the ambiguity of the concept "community" and an inadequate conceptualization of the dimensions along which these social units vary. One recent approach to this problem has been through the application of factor analysis. Two studies, in particular, serve as our point of departure—Jonassen and Peres' factor analysis of eighty-two variables operating in eighty-eight Ohio counties and Hadden and Borgatta's factor analysis of sixty-five variables operating in all American cities of 25,000 or larger. Both studies contribute much to our knowledge of community structure, but as a framework for comparative analyses they have the following limitations: 1. The Jonassen and Peres study was limited to Ohio counties. Generalizing from their data to a different universe, or units thereof, would be a questionable procedure based on the shaky assumption that Ohio is "typical" or resembles closely the United States or any single state in question. 2. The Hadden and Borgatta study was limited to cities of 25,000 and larger. The use of factors identified in their study to differentiate smaller communities would involve accepting the assumption that smaller units vary along the same dimensions as larger units. 3. Although similar factors were identified in the above two studies, a number of differences were also observed. The differences may be a consequence of the different units studied (counties in one analysis and cities in the other), the different parameters involved (data from all Ohio counties in one study compared with data from all United States cities of 25,000 and larger in the other), or the different variables used in the two studies. (They have only twelve variables in common, and only fourteen others are conceptually similar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the orientations of a group of 42 American Jewish college professors toward the Jewish community, being Jewish and Jewish life in general. It explains that the mainstream Jewish community in the U.S. are becoming concerned about Jewish intellectuals and college professors. It says that these Jewish intellectuals and college professors are increasingly being viewed by the mainstream Jewish community as alienated from Jewish life. It states that this investigation used a long, probing and semistructured personal interviews with respondents Jewish intellectuals and college professors in order for the author to get a close knowledge about and understanding of the Jewish orientations of the respondents.

The article focuses on meetings of American Sociological Society that were held in Washington in 1927 to discuss about sociological research and sociology. Meetings opened with the "Division on Social Research." Ten-minute reports on research projects. This session was followed by a round-table on "The Technique of Statistical Analysis of Sociological Problems." And this meeting again was followed later by others on "The Technique of Social Surveys" and "The Technique of the Case Method." Then there was the "Division on Methods of Research" and the various special reports of research work in progress. And throughout in these sessions and special meetings, the same emphasis on research, investigation, experimentation, method. In the "Division on Methods of Research," a report concerned itself with the "Correlation of the Rate of Juvenile Delinquency with Certain Indices of Community Organization. It was pointed out that community influence in delinquency, is clearly revealed in the life histories of delinquents and in the decided concentration of cases of delinquency in particular areas of the city.

The data used in this study of homicides in King County, Washington, for the ten-year period, 1914 to 1923, inclusive, were taken from the death records at the coroner's office. The task of collecting the material was fraught with much difficulty and labor. The paucity of the data along with their imperfections, inadequacies and limitations are the inevitable obstacles one has to encounter in attempting a study of this kind. Thanks to the new system of death records established at the coroner's office a little over a decennium ago, researchers are enabled to get much valuable information concerning homicidal deaths that would, otherwise, either have remained obscure or unknown. The period covered in this study is that of 1914 to 1923, inclusive, or ten years. Of the total of 252 homicides for this period, 186 were males and 66 were females. In order to understand the conditions under which the homicides were committed, it will be necessary to make a hasty survey of the outstanding characteristics of the region under consideration.

The article argues that word association can be used fruitfully as an aid in penetrating further and in gaining a deeper insight into attitudes than is afforded by other opinion poll. If researchers could find a standard method of measuring the content, emotion and stability of words as symbols, they could more clearly understand the meaning of answers to poll questions and the motivations of people in the selection of words to express their thoughts in open interviews. It presents an experiment in which, 162 New York City respondents, selected at random in public places, were asked to write down the first four words or phrases which came to mind for each of a dozen words. The sample consisted of 68 percent males and 32 percent females; 47 percent had attended college, 43 percent high school and the remainder had less schooling or provided no information; the average age of respondents was 26 years. Given the same dozen words in slightly revised order to camouflage the purpose of the experiment, they were asked to go through virtually the same experiment a second time without consulting their first results.