94 results
Search Results
2. Wooden Dividend.
- Subjects
DISTILLATION ,PINE - Abstract
The article reports on the shipment of pine stumps from cutover forests throughout the South America to distillation plants to yield a rich store of products on the list critical materials in the country.
- Published
- 1943
3. FOREIGN NEWS IN THE UNITED STATES AND SOUTH AMERICAN PRESS.
- Author
-
Markham, James W.
- Subjects
FOREIGN news ,NEWSPAPER sections, columns, etc. ,PRESS ,MASS media - Abstract
This article presents a study of the amounts and kinds of foreign news carried in outstanding U.S. and South American dailies and a comparative analysis of the press treatment of foreign news. Most people in the U.S. and the other American nations learn about world events through the mass media rather than by direct contact, hence the foreign news coverage of the major newspapers can have a great influence on international relations. It was found that in total amount of foreign news covering seven world areas, the South American papers published about double the daily volume published by the U.S. newspapers. The New York Times published almost twice as much foreign news from the same areas as the South American press. A large part of the daily foreign news report in the average South American paper was devoted to news about and from the U.S. The average U.S. newspaper, on the other hand, was found to devote only about one-twentieth of the amount of space to news of South America that the South American paper devotes to the U.S.
- Published
- 1961
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Algunas algas dulciacuícolas interesantes de Brasil.
- Author
-
Lacoste De Diaz, Elsa Nelida
- Subjects
- *
ALGAE , *OEDOGONIUM , *CHRYSOPHYCEAE - Abstract
In this third paper dealing with the algae of Brazil, four Chlorophycophyta and six Chrysophycophyta are described. These organism were found in the so called "Sete Lagoas" Lake-District, State of Minas Gerais. They are: Granulochloris maxima nov. sp., Pseudoquadrigula lagoensis nov. gen., nov. sp., Oedogonium spirostriatum, Pseudochaete crassisetum (Chlorophvceae), Phalansterium digitatum (Chrysophyceae), Tetraedriella polychloris, T. acuta, Goniochloris gigas, Peroniella minuta y Pseudostaurastrum enorme (Xanthophyceae). Except Oedogonium, all these genera are mentioned for the first time for Brazil and also for South America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1974
5. A COMPARISON OF MONTANE AND LOWLAND FOREST IN ECUADOR.
- Author
-
GRUBB, P. J. and WHITMORE, T. C.
- Subjects
FOREST microclimatology ,VEGETATION & climate ,MOUNTAINS ,FORESTS & forestry ,TREES ,ECONOMIC competition ,PLANT growth ,CLIMATOLOGY - Abstract
The article presents a study on the light reaching the ground vegetation in the high forest phase and its relation on the differences in forest structure of two selected sites, where one is on the slopes of Mount Andes and the other is at the extreme western edge of the Amazon basin. The authors state that their observations and analysis have enabled them to associated some of the differences between the two forests with differences in light climate. They mention that the interactions between light and other factors, specially root competition, may be very important. They believe that future studies on light as an ecological factor in tropical forests will most productively be aimed to the reaction of individual species to light at various stages of growth.
- Published
- 1967
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. An empirical study of the effects of socioeconomic development on fertility rates.
- Author
-
Janowitz, Barbara S. and Janowitz, B S
- Subjects
SOCIOECONOMICS ,REPRODUCTION ,ANALYSIS of variance ,MATHEMATICAL statistics ,FERTILITY ,DEVELOPING countries ,AGE distribution ,AGRICULTURE ,BIRTH rate ,EMPLOYMENT ,INCOME ,INFANT mortality ,LIFE expectancy ,RESEARCH methodology ,META-analysis ,OCCUPATIONS ,REGRESSION analysis ,SOCIAL change ,STATISTICS ,TIME ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Recent studies by Adelman and by Friedlander and Silver, which have investigated whether regression equations derived from cross-section data can be used to predict the impact of socioeconomic development on changing levels of fertility, are reviewed critically. Regression analyses based on data for 57 countries c. 1960 show that fertility (gross reproduction rate) varies cross-sectionally with region as well as with level of development (as measured by per capita income, percent labor force in primary sector, expectation of life, illiteracy rate). Using equations derived from the cross-section study and time-series data for five European countries during the period that their fertility rates fell, it is shown that predictions about past fertility changes are in error. The results suggest caution in the use of cross-section relations to predict the course of fertility in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1971
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. THE FEDERAL COTTON PROGRAMS AND FARM LABOR FORCE ADJUSTMENTS.
- Author
-
Burford, Roger L.
- Subjects
COTTON ,LABOR supply ,AGRICULTURAL laborers - Abstract
The primary purpose of this study is to examine the effects that the acreage aspects of the cotton programs have had upon movements of farm labor in the majority of the chief cotton-growing states of the South. A study along these lines is justified and needed on several counts. First, migration is an important avenue of labor-force adjustment in agriculture, perhaps more so than in most industries since occupation and place of residence are so closely related. Second, cotton acreage controls have constituted an 4 In addition to those already cited, see Walter Wilcox, "The Farm Policy Dilemma," Journal of Farm Economics, August 1958, pp. 563-571; and E. L. Baum and Earl O. Heady, "Some Effects of Selected Policy Programs on Agricultural Labor Mobility in the South," Southern Economic Journal, January 1959, pp. 327-337. important part of the federal farm programs since 1933 and are likely to continue to be important. Finally, cotton is one of the most labor intensive of all crops. The effects of these programs with respect to labor-force adjustment through migration need to be more clearly understood.[5]
The paper may be concluded rather briefly with the observation that the results of this analysis have not been consistent with the usual claim that the farm programs over the last three decades or so have tended to hamper movements of labor from farming. They have on the contrary tended to bear out the hypothesis that the net effect of the acreage aspects of the programs has been to speed up movement from farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1966
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Flexible Exchange Rates, Northern Expansion, and the Market for Southern Cotton: 1866-1879.
- Author
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Aldrich, Mark
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,COTTON ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,ECONOMICS ,ECONOMIC history - Abstract
Focuses on several issues which may have affected the economic development of South America in the post-war period. Impact of the political and economic relations between South America and North America on the southern economic development; South America's recovery of the foreign cotton market.
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Sketching grounds I have roamed.
- Author
-
SMITH, JACOB GETLAR
- Subjects
LANDSCAPES in art ,LANDSCAPE painting ,LANDSCAPE painters ,INSPIRATION - Abstract
The article discusses various places throughout the Americas that make good background material for landscape painters, and features the work of various artists. It states that such work is very dependent on the seasons, and suggests traveling to other locations for those bored with their area and feeling their artistic inspiration drained. It suggests various places throughout the U.S., Canada and South America, and advises depicting not just scenery, but the people and buildings found in the background. Various samples are presented.
- Published
- 1956
10. Censorship and Fear.
- Subjects
FREEDOM of the press ,CENSORSHIP ,PRESS - Abstract
The article reports on the repression of the South American press. It states that censorship in all forms is spreading through South America, incidents in Peru and Bolivia where newspapers are forcefully taken over by military and press staffs are forcefully told to take days off work are all proof of the increasing censorship in South America. It further states that freedom of press now only exists in some parts of South America including in Colombia, Chile and Ecuador.
- Published
- 1970
11. Book Notes and Byways.
- Author
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Robertson, William Spence
- Subjects
AUTOBIOGRAPHY ,MILITARY personnel ,REVOLUTIONS - Abstract
This article focuses on "Memorias del General O'Leary," the memoirs of the Irish soldier Daniel F. O'Leary. He was an adventurous native of Ireland. When a mere youth he became deeply interested in the insurrection against Spanish rule in the U.S. In March,1818, as ensign in a squadron of hussars commanded by an adventitious leader, Colonel Wilson, O'Leary reached Angostura, Venezuela. The lengthy Memoirs of an intelligent and observant foreign soldier who participated in the struggles which reconstructed the map of South America would naturally contain much interesting information. But this material has much more than autobiographic interest.
- Published
- 1916
12. Notes.
- Subjects
BOOK industry ,NAUTICAL charts ,VOYAGES & travels ,PERIODICALS ,TELEGRAPH & telegraphy - Abstract
This article presents information, related to the book industry and trade. The U.S. Hydrographic Office has added a fifth to its series of "Practical Papers," comprising two highly interesting reprints from the periodical "Popular Science Monthly," one being an account of a Commander's expedition to determine secondary meridians in the West Indies and Central and South America by electric telegraph in 1874-76, and the other, E.S. Holden's explanation of the nature and cause of the so-called "personal equation" which affects the results of scientific observations. The Pennsylvania Historical Society have done well to republish, in elegant style, "History, Manners, and Customs of the Indian Nations, Who Once Inhabited Pennsylvania and the Neighboring States." It is a work which will always hold a high rank among original sources in relation to the aborigines.
- Published
- 1876
13. The Commercial Uses of Communication Satellites.
- Author
-
Johnson, Leland L.
- Subjects
TELECOMMUNICATION satellites ,ARTIFICIAL satellites ,SPACE industrialization ,EARTH stations ,TELEVISION programs ,TELEVISION broadcasting ,TELEVISION transmitters & transmission ,SUBMARINE cables ,RADIO relay systems ,GEOSTATIONARY satellites - Abstract
The article focuses on commercial uses of communications satellites for transoceanic communications. It states that educational television has been responsible for much of the interest concerning the potential benefits of communications satellites. It mentions that the use of conventional submarine cables to transmit television transmissions is prohibitively expensive. It considers the cost of taping television programs for rebroadcast compared to the expense of using communications satellites to broadcast television programs. It comments on differences in cost for a low-altitude and a synchronous satellite system.
- Published
- 1963
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. The Great Banana War.
- Author
-
Lernoux, Penny
- Subjects
BANANA trade ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Honduras, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador have formed a Union of Banana Exporting Countries in imitation of the petroleum producers’ cartel. These countries control two‐thirds of the world's banana production and supply most of the bananas sold to the United States, where bananas are the cheapest and most plentiful fruit. The three American banana companies have kept prices low through their ownership of plantations and control of marketing. It is possible that the producers may be able eventually to disperse with the marketing monopolies, as is happening with coffee and oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1974
15. I. Our Disgraceful Ignorance.
- Author
-
Edsall, John T.
- Subjects
POPULATION ,GROWTH rate ,OVERPOPULATION ,SOCIAL problems - Abstract
The unprecedented growth-rate of world population raises problems comparable only to those arising from the threat of thermonuclear war. That at least is the conviction of an increasing number of responsible men and women. Their numbers and influence are growing in spite of the fact that most governments have endeavored until lately to ignore the problem. The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations has estimated that by the year 2000 world population will reach between six and seven billion, if present birth and death rates continue. Thus within the next forty years one may expect "to see as large an increase in the population of earth as has occurred through all of past history. In some countries, for instance, in much of Central and South America, the population will double much sooner than that.
- Published
- 1963
16. SILVER AND THE BUSINESS DEPRESSION.
- Author
-
Leavens, Dickson H.
- Subjects
SILVER ,GREAT Depression, 1929-1939 ,PRICE level changes ,SUPPLY-side economics ,HOARDING of money ,WORLD War I ,PURCHASING power ,QUANTITY theory of money ,BUSINESS conditions ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,BUSINESS cycles ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The article discusses some of the factors which influence the price of silver during the world-wide economic depression of 1929-1931. The reduction of the price of silver compared to its pre-World War I price is discussed, as well as the world-wide consumption of silver. Fluctuations in the quality and supply of silver affecting price are discussed. The effects of hoarding in India, price depreciation in Mexico and South America, and foreign trade in China on the price of silver and purchasing power are also examined.
- Published
- 1931
17. Editorials.
- Subjects
POLITICAL development ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,TRANSPORTATION - Abstract
This article focuses on political developments. Germany is truly in the dark. Her statesmen are in the dark as concerns not only feeling in the U.S., but the general execration throughout the civilized world which her murderous course of action has provoked. All this is lost upon the rulers in whose hands German destinies are now placed. Of the three chief proposals for increasing facilities of transportation between North and South America, the Pan-American Conference ignored one and definitely split upon the two others. Samuel Hale Pearson, of Buenos Ayres, suggested that the United Fruit Co. and other corporations doing a prosperous business with Central America be induced to enlarge their capital and extend their sailings below the Isthmus. This was thought impracticable. The failure of the discussion emphasizes the fact that private initiative alone can solve the problem.
- Published
- 1915
18. Literature.
- Subjects
BOOKS - Abstract
The article discusses several books of literature. "Argentine Plains and Andine Glaciers: Life on an Expedition into the Andes," by writer Walter Larden, is agreeably distinguished from most of the numerous works that have recently appeared relating to South America by a sort of simplicity and directness which put the reader in a closer and more definite touch with the country described than do the more elaborate treatises which attempt to be encyclopedic. The book "The Nine-Tenths," by James Oppenheim focuses on social issues. It discusses issue of New York industrial history.
- Published
- 1912
19. Literature.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,MINES & mineral resources ,INTERNATIONAL trade - Abstract
The article focuses on the book "Following the Conquistadores: Along the Andes and Down the Amazon," by H.J. Mozans. The increasing number of books that issue from the press relating to South America is both a tribute to the growth of the countries in that continent and a sign of the keener interest which the rest of the world begins to feel in them. As this interest, which used to be stimulated by the aspects of nature and the remains of primitive culture, is now chiefly roused by an appreciation of the material progress of these countries and of the promise of increased trade which that progress holds out, recent writers have occupied themselves more with Argentina, Brazil, and Chili than with the other less advanced republics, and have dealt chiefly with the agricultural and mineral resources which are being there developed.
- Published
- 1911
20. Little Rock and Johannesburg.
- Author
-
Sampson, Anthony
- Subjects
RACE relations ,MISCEGENATION ,CIVIL war ,AFRICAN Americans - Abstract
The article throws light on similarities between South Africa and American South. Both have a stern Calvinist tradition, a lingering belief that they are a "chosen race," and a sense of guilt augmented by the habit of miscegenation. The richer whites have a slow patriarchal charm, fostered by heat and leisure; while the poor whites have a violent roughness, alternating between hatred for the Negro and real sympathy and understanding for him. But the most striking similarity is in their wars- the Civil war and the Boer war, which still dominate their present.
- Published
- 1959
21. Editorials.
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL relations ,PENSIONS ,TARIFF ,REFORMS ,POLITICAL parties ,SUCCESS - Abstract
The article focuses on political and social issues of the world. It reports that the great pension debauch that is now in progress in the U.S. called for $134,583,052 last year. The incoming Administration of the U.S. will find itself burdened with nearly $850,000,000 of pension obligations during the first two years of its term. This will be the handicap placed upon any measure of tariff reform that may be prepared, to execute the verdict, which the people rendered at the recent election. It also presents the information that the joy at Democratic Party's success in the U.S. does not spring from an historic sympathy with the party on the part of South America. On the contrary, Spanish-American sympathies had been all the other way for two generations.
- Published
- 1892
22. The Story of Haya de la Torre.
- Author
-
de la Torre, Victor Raul Haya
- Subjects
LABOR leaders ,LABOR movement ,SOCIAL movements ,LABOR unions - Abstract
Following is an article written by a youth named Haya de La Torre, now in exile from his country, who is becoming known as a leader of the liberal and labor forces of South America. Torre is a young radical whose influence has spread far beyond his own country, Peru. Torre became president of the Students' Federation of Peru and after graduating from college devoted himself to the organization of workers' universities in five centers. Torre held a position as teacher in a boys' school at Lima, Peru run by the Scotch Presbyterian Mission and continued his own studies for his doctor's degree.
- Published
- 1924
23. Editorials.
- Subjects
PUBLIC welfare ,POLITICAL parties ,POLITICAL participation ,PRACTICAL politics ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
Although Colombia has been until recently one of the most stable, well-governed republics in South America, it suffers from the endemic disease that infects them all its masses are miserably poor and shamefully exploited. The Liberal Party, which held power for sixteen years until 1946, when it split and allowed the conservative candidate to win the presidency put through some needed reforms, but it did not bring a decent life to the people. By the time the inter-American conference assembled, an all conservative government, ruled a restless, uneasy population.
- Published
- 1948
24. Editorials.
- Author
-
Kirchwey, Freda
- Subjects
POLITICAL campaigns ,POLITICAL parties - Abstract
This article focuses on several socio-political issues. By an ironic twist, China's National Assembly has utilized the technique of democracy to destroy the last hopes of achieving a democratic constitution. Chiang Kai-Shek had belatedly persuaded the Social Democratic Party to participate in the assembly by promising that the constitution would be basically that which had been agreed on last spring at the all party political consultative conference. Elections in Uruguay have left South America's most firmly rooted democracy intact but slightly shaken. On the surface, Tomas Barreta, of the pro-United States Colorado party, defeated Luis Alberto de Herrera.
- Published
- 1946
25. Sao Paulo--Brazil's paradise for marketers.
- Subjects
MARKETS ,CITIES & towns ,INDUSTRIES ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,ECONOMIC conditions in Brazil - Abstract
The article focuses on Sao Paulo, Brazil as a center for trade in 1966. It states that Sao Paulo is the world's fastest growing large city, which makes it unpredictable and difficult to manage as a market. It says that the city is the biggest industrial hub in South America and its state is nearly two times the size of Illinois. It says that there has never a constant unemployment problem in Sao Paulo, though a depression in 1965 drove employers into layoffs.
- Published
- 1966
26. AVIATION.
- Subjects
AIRLINE industry ,COMMERCIAL aeronautics passenger traffic - Abstract
This section offers news briefs on the U.S. aviation industry as of August 2013. The air mail contract between Key West Florida and the Canal Zone has been awarded to Pan American Airways Inc. The Russian icebreaker ship Krassi rescued eight members of the Italia crew of the Nobile expedition in the Arctic. Forecast indicates regular passenger traffic to South America for German Lufthansa airlines in 1929.
- Published
- 1928
27. Tangled Trade.
- Subjects
SHIPMENT of goods ,EXPORT controls ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation in water shipping ,SHIP cargo ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation - Abstract
The article reports on the move of export trade authorities to impose dual controls by licensing of shipment and allocation of ship space except in South America. It states export licenses have been granted with correlating closely with available shipping space, resulted in export backlogs to accumulate to the point where available tonnage could not move in less than six to ten months. It notes that the licenses were issued to countries with severe backlog including Argentina and Colombia.
- Published
- 1943
28. Correspondence.
- Author
-
Nettleton, George Henry, Havre, J. B., Yeames, H. H., Zeigler, Oscar Woodward, and Shippee, Lester Burrell
- Subjects
LETTERS to the editor ,POETS ,COMMERCE ,GREEK language ,ETHNOLOGY - Abstract
Presents several letters to the editor. Profile of poet William S. Gilbert; U.S. trade with South America; Comments on the article "The Question of Greek," on the study of Greek and Latin; Analysis of the correlation between the battle of Greeks and the persistence of the Christian civilization.
- Published
- 1911
29. The Week.
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL relations ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,SILVER coins ,BANKING industry ,LEGISLATIVE bills - Abstract
The article focuses on political and social issues of the world. It states that the President of the U.S., in his communication to the U.S. Senate on the subject of an international monetary conference, says that he hopes to be able to secure an enlarged use of silver even if free coinage should not be agreed upon. This suggestion recalls proposals made by England and Germany at the Conference of 1881. Banking methods in South America received fresh illustration in the course of the debate in the Uruguayan Senate on Government bills to wind up affairs of the wrecked National Bank. These measures practically amount to taking over the bank's business by the Government and were violently opposed, on the ground that they were intended to cover up criminal negligence on the part of directors.
- Published
- 1892
30. Is Pan-Americanism a Joke - On Us.
- Subjects
PAN-Americanism ,ETHNOLOGY - Abstract
The article presents the author's views on North Americans. According to the author, North Americans lump the ten nations of South America into one. Argentina, Ecuador, Colombia, Uruguay, Peru, Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia they're all the same to them. Ethnologically, philologically, economically, and even politically they think of them as a unit. They do not grant them national individuality. According to the author, he has talked with people in all parts of their country, including their government officials at Washington. Almost without exception they referred to him, as a "South American." They spoke of "conditions in South America," of products and information that came from South America ; seldom of any special country. It did not occur to them, that they were talking to an Argentine, or that Argentina is as different from Venezuela, and Brazil as different from Chile, as the United States is from Australia.
- Published
- 1923
31. A Warning from South America.
- Subjects
WORLD War II ,ARMIES ,TOTALITARIANISM ,WAR - Abstract
South America has been a battlefield of the Second World War from the day of its declaration until now, the warfare waged there has been political and consequently has been devoid of dramatic spectacles. However, in all South American republics, carefully organized in every possible detail, there exists a secret army, created by agents of the Third Reich, which has been trained especially for the struggle in that continent and which has made use of services of German residents and descendants of Germans. The totalitarian action in South America reveals two distinct periods. Before 1940, Nazism was a growing, impulsive, revolutionary movement which took advantage of every favorable opportunity. The second period began when the United States actually, physically, entered the war, when its Atlantic fleet established the vital line of supply to far away Iceland, when German submarines began to inflict punishment upon American ships on all seas.
- Published
- 1941
32. Chile as a Nazi Outpost.
- Author
-
Tetens, Th. and Lore, Ludwig
- Subjects
WAR ,GENERALS ,MILITARY administration ,MILITARY crimes - Abstract
The article discusses the imminence of World War II. With a new world war, tragically imminent, the Third Reich is bending every effort to establish itself on the South American continent. The German General Staff had high hopes that the Integralist putsch engineered by a conspiracy of Brazilian military men would give it control of the Brazilian government, but its expectations proved ill-founded, for the time at least. When the Brazilian putsch failed, Germany turned to Chile as the next best possibility.
- Published
- 1938
33. Berlin Sends Radio Greetings.
- Author
-
Lang, Daniel
- Subjects
RADIO broadcasting ,PROPAGANDA ,SHORTWAVE radio ,PHOTOGRAPHY ,CONTESTS ,LETTERS - Abstract
Focuses on German radio propaganda to South America. Reports that the powerful DJD station, located at Nauen, is sending over six hours of daily short-wave programs; Announcement of a photography contest; Details about the contest; Information on a letter-answering session; Lack of elaborate technical facilities by German broadcasting.
- Published
- 1939
34. The Situation of the Indian in South America: Contributions to the Study of Inter-Ethnic Conflict in the Non-Andean Regions of South America.
- Author
-
BASSO, ELLEN B.
- Subjects
INDIGENOUS peoples of South America ,ETHNIC conflict ,MESTIZOS - Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. NOTE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF SALIX IN TEMPERATE SOUTH AMERICA.
- Subjects
WILLOWS ,VEGETATION boundaries ,VEGETATION & climate ,SHRUBS ,WOODY plants ,TEMPERATE climate - Abstract
The article discusses the occurrence of Salix humboldtiana in temperate South America at or near the latitude of Buenos Aires. It is cited that Lucien Hauman refers to the occurrence of the genus as a riparian shrub in the Monte, where the vegetation is xerophilous. It is mentioned that the occurence of this willow is as far south as the lower reaches of the River Chubut. It is said that the river is approximately 44 degrees of south latitude, 9 degrees farther south than Cape Agulhas in South Africa.
- Published
- 1933
36. ECOLOGY OF CUSHION PLANTS.
- Subjects
PHANEROGAMS ,PLANTS ,PHYTOGEOGRAPHY - Abstract
The article provides an overview of the study "Versuch einer Uebersicht der siphonogamen Polsterpflanzen," by H. Hauri and C. Schröter published in the 1914 issue of "Engler's Botanische Jahrbuch." In this article, a list of the known phanerogamic cushion plants and their general characteristics are presented. An analysis of the plants' geographical distribution revealed that half of the species grow in South America and New Zealand. In Europe and Asia, these plants are confined to the mountains.
- Published
- 1916
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. THE MANAGERIAL ROLE IN THE EFFECTIVE USE OF RESOURCES.
- Author
-
HELLER, FRANK A.
- Subjects
HUMAN capital ,RESOURCE allocation ,ORGANIZATIONAL effectiveness ,BOARDS of directors - Abstract
The article discusses a study on resource utilization and situational factors contributing to the ineffective use of human capital. Research on resource management at various levels, including the board of directors, is mentioned. Two theoretical constructs--business infra-structure and situational congruence--explain the misapplication of managerial skills. Human resources are wasted because skills are not matched to the appropriate socio-technical system or they are not being applied at all due to social, psychological or structural barriers. Statistics for the use of shorthand and typing skills and the dictating habits of managers in South American companies are given, as well as the use of pre-meeting agendas.
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. ECOLOGICAL AND FLORISTIC CONVERGENCES BETWEEN SEASONAL PLANT FORMATIONS OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL SOUTH AMERICA.
- Author
-
Sarmiento, Guillermo
- Subjects
PLANTS ,PLANT ecology ,BOTANY ,VEGETATION & climate ,BIOTIC communities ,PLANT communities ,BIOCLIMATOLOGY ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
The article discusses the ecological and floristic convergence of some plant formations in South America. The author considers certain traits of flora, vegetation and climate as a first approximation to compare corresponding ecosystems. The comparative analysis may be viewed at three different approaches. The first is the assessment of the degree of environmental similarity under which similar types occur. The second concerns the structural and functional convergence of vegetation. The third approach focuses on a morpho-ecological characterization of each of the communities through their main plant components.
- Published
- 1972
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Occupational mobility and fertility in metropolitan Latin America.
- Author
-
Boyd, Monica and Boyd, M
- Subjects
FERTILITY ,CITIES & towns ,ANIMAL sexual behavior ,ANIMAL behavior ,REPRODUCTION ,BIRTH rate ,LABOR mobility ,MARRIAGE ,MATHEMATICAL models ,OCCUPATIONS ,REGRESSION analysis ,SOCIAL mobility ,CITY dwellers ,THEORY - Abstract
The relation between career mobility and reproductive behavior is examined for five cities of developing Latin American nations Bogota, Columbia; San Jose, Costa Rica; Mexico City, Mexico; Panama City, Panama; and Caracas, Venezuela. The data are obtained from fertility surveys conducted between September, 1963, and August, 1964, in the above-named cities under the auspices of the Centro Latinoamericano de Demografla (CEIJADE), and the analysis is based on information from 600-800 women per city who have been married only once and married ten years or more. Career mobility is defined as an occupational change of the husband between the date of marriage and 1963-1964, based on the Hall-Jones occupational scale. Reproductive behavior is operationalized as the number of live births. The conclusion of the multiple classification analysis is that the process of career mobility in four out of five Latin American samples is not a significant factor in explaining differential reproductive behavior. These results are compatible with a variety of North American studies which stress that variation heretofore ascribed to the process of mobility is an additive composite of past and present status effects. These findings are discussed; a theoretical and methodological critique of mobility-fertility research is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The nature and effects of Latin America's non-western trend in fertility.
- Author
-
Arriaga, Eduardo E. and Arriaga, E E
- Subjects
HUMAN fertility ,MORTALITY ,POPULATION ,DEMOGRAPHY ,LIFE expectancy ,DEATH ,LABOR supply ,AGE distribution ,BIRTH rate ,CONTRACEPTION ,EMPLOYMENT ,FERTILITY ,MARRIAGE ,MATHEMATICAL models ,SEX distribution ,SOCIAL change ,STATISTICS ,TIME ,CITY dwellers ,THEORY - Abstract
A study by historical comparison of the fertility trends related to mortality levels is made between Latin America and Europe. The purpose of such study is to show why Latin America did not repeat the European mortality-fertility pattern during 1930-1960. Differences between the two areas are established, and an explanation is given about the particular Latin America mortality-fertility model. The effects of such a Latin America trend are pointed out, principally in relation to population growth, city growth and labor force. Hypothetical Latin American populations are calculated under the assumption that the area has repeated the European pattern. A comparison between these hypothetical populations with the actual ones shows how different the situation of the area has actually been. Nevertheless, an analysis of the necessary fertility changes in order to reproduce the European model shows that it was impossible for Latin America to repeat the European mortality-fertility experience during 1930-1960. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1970
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. PETROLEUM REGULATION IN TEMPERATE SOUTH AMERICA.
- Author
-
Phelps, D.M.
- Subjects
PETROLEUM law & legislation ,IMPORTS ,COMPETITION - Abstract
Discusses the regulation of the petroleum industry in South America. Effect of a disordered price situation and a substantial increase in imports; Laws concerning the importation, transport and distribution of petroleum products; Promotion of direct competition through government organizations.
- Published
- 1939
42. INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION IN TEMPERATE SOUTH AMERICA.
- Author
-
Phelps, D.M.
- Subjects
INDUSTRIALIZATION ,INDUSTRIES ,PRODUCTION (Economic theory) ,INDUSTRIAL productivity - Abstract
Discusses how the ABC countries of temperate South America have been forced to attain a greater measure of self-sufficiency by the nationalistic policies of industrial nations. Factors contributing to industrial expansion; Limitation of the countries' capacity to purchase abroad; Continued production of many articles which previously were imported.
- Published
- 1935
43. DOES TRADE 'FOLLOW THE DOLLAR'?
- Author
-
Winston, A. P.
- Subjects
RAILROADS ,MANUFACTURED products ,TRANSPORTATION ,COMMUNICATIONS industries - Abstract
This article studies the railway materials trade in the countries of Asia and South America. The Chinese railways have accordingly, under the necessary limitations of time and space, been chosen for investigation, together with the railways of Brazil, Argentina and Chile, which make up almost nine-tenths of the South American railway mileage. When the manufacturers of an investing nationality are able to supply needed material of good quality at low prices, the national prejudice may doubtless have an appreciable influence. Governments have at times attempted, with doubtful success, to give their manufacturers a preference. But current discussion refers to that great majority of investments which are shaped by the parties at interest free from government interference. The building of railways by a foreign corporation in Argentina or Brazil-it is apparently assumed that the administrators of such an enterprise will be led by motives of patriotism to prefer the products of their own countrymen. This is highly improbable. Many billions of goods are exchanged between nations because men have no marked preference for the goods of their competitors. Moreover, any chiefs of South American railways who might by some eccentricity be inclined to this sort of patriotism would in most instances find it impossible to gratify such sentiment.
- Published
- 1927
44. THE PROMOTION OF TRADE WITH SOUTH AMERICA.
- Author
-
Kinley, David
- Subjects
FOREIGN trade promotion ,INDUSTRIALISTS ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,INDUSTRIES - Abstract
In the past twenty years and more, attention has been frequently called to the small share of the people of the U.S. in the trade of the countries of their sister continent to the south of, and many writers and statesmen have urged their manufacturers and merchants to push into this territory. Moreover, the digging of the Panama Canal has directed to the South American neighbors, and has called attention to the trade possibilities of that part of the earth at a peculiarly opportune time. Again, the revival of the Pan-American conferences in 1906 and 1910 has done a good deal in the same direction. These conferences cannot be said to produce very tangible or direct results. Indeed, they are mostly pour parlors into which some people seem to think it impolite to inject discussion of such base matters as trade. They have done good in making the representatives of the various countries better acquainted. The purpose of the present article is to discuss some of the causes of the previously existing condition, together with some of the suggestions made to change and improve them.
- Published
- 1911
45. The Surface Configuration of Southeastern Brazil.
- Author
-
James, Preston E.
- Subjects
GEOGRAPHY ,TOPOGRAPHICAL surveying ,EARTH sciences ,GEOGRAPHIC boundaries - Abstract
Discusses the surface configuration of Southeastern Brazil. General concept of southeastern Brazil as a plateau; Coastal lowlands; Deltas; Flood plain basins; Crystalline plateaus; Diabase areas.
- Published
- 1933
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. ADJUSTMENTS TO ENVIRONMENT IN SOUTH AMERICA: AN INTERPLY OF INFLUENCES.
- Author
-
Whitbeck, R.H.
- Subjects
HUMAN geography ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,INCAS ,AGRICULTURAL industries - Abstract
Reports on the interplay of influences in man's adjustments to the environment in South America. Incas' adjustment to the Andine environment; Man and environment at Chuquicamata in the desert of Atacama in northern Chile; Agricultural industries in Argentina and Brazil.
- Published
- 1926
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. RURAL STANDARDS OF LIVING IN THE SOUTH. II.
- Author
-
Harper, Roland M.
- Subjects
MUNICIPAL government ,URBAN beautification ,RURAL-urban migration ,URBAN transportation ,RURAL population - Abstract
This article presents information regarding the rural standards of living in the South America. Throughout the South, and in most other parts of the country, there is more illiteracy in the rural districts than in the cities, partly because of the greater distances between schools, and partly for other reasons which it would take too long to discuss here. The percentage of whites is usually somewhat greater among the farmers than in the aggregate population, for there is of course more of a tendency among the Afro-Americans to be farm laborers rather than farm. But there is a significant exception in regions where the Afro-Americans greatly outnumber the whites, as will be seen more plainly presently when people take up the several natural regions. In such areas the white population tends to concentrate in the cities and towns and engage in trading, manufacturing, etc., leaving large areas of farm land inhabited entirely by Afro-Americans. The value of farm land per acre seems to depend more on density of population and intensity of farming than on intrinsic fertility, at least in the South.
- Published
- 1924
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. BLINDNESS AND SERVICES TO THE BLIND IN BOLIVIA, COLUMBIA, ECUADOR AND PERU.
- Author
-
Friedman, Robert M.
- Subjects
VISION disorders ,CITIES & towns ,BEGGING ,BLINDNESS ,VAGRANCY - Abstract
The article presents information on blindness and services to the blind in countries like Bolivia, Columbia, Ecuador and Peru. The countries of Bolivia, Columbia, Ecuador and Peru occupy over one million square miles on the continent of South America. They cluster in the northwest, and extend east from tropical rain forests and the Atacama Desert through the Andes Mountains and into the Amazon Jungle. Blind people become visible in the larger cities of northwest South America as ragged beggars, being among the numerous dependent groups in the city, both disabled and non-disabled, who beg to live.
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. THE PENIS GOURD OF NEW GUINEA.
- Author
-
Heiser Jr., Charles B.
- Subjects
GOURDS ,NEW product development - Abstract
Gourd from three localities in New guinea are more similar to those of America and Africa (Lagenaria siceraria subsp. siceraria) than to gourds of Asia and the Pacific region (Lagenaria siceraria subsp. asiatica). Such gourds could have arrived in New Guinea by ocean currents from America or Africa, or they could have been introduced by man. Gourd are used as penis sheaths in New Guinea, South America, and Africa. If contacts between New Guinea and South America and Africa occurred in the pre-Columbian period, the gourds, along with their use as penis sheaths, may have been introduced from America or Africa to New Guinea, but no decision can be reached as to how and when these gourds arrived in New Guinea and their use as a phallocrypt was acquired. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. INDIAN PASTORALISTS OF THE GUAJIRA PENNINSULA.
- Author
-
Aschmann, Homer
- Subjects
GOAJIRO (South American people) ,SOCIALISM & culture ,INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas ,ECONOMICS ,SOCIAL structure - Abstract
Examines the social and economic conditions of Indian pastoralists of the Guajira Peninsula in South America. Adaptation of the European economic systems and technology; Effort to maintain the linguistic and cultural identity; Value system and social structure of the Indian society.
- Published
- 1960
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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