Search

Singapore is a city state with 80 percent of the population classified as urban; of these 35 percent live in high-rise flats administered and constructed by the government around the perimeter of the central area. A further 40 percent live in crowded conditions in the central area itself. In seeking to evaluate the impact of the government's housing policy on people's satisfaction with their urban environment, two sample populations, one residing in government housing and the other in the old central row and tenement housing area of the city were surveyed. The data were subject to factor analysis' and the findings revealed that the form of housing per se had little effect on residents' satisfaction with their environment. Before concluding that housing had no impact, however, specific dimensions of housing such as density, size of dwelling, and household size would need to be examined in more detail than was possible in the present study.

Gluten dispersions in 10% sodium salicylate were fractionated by precipitation with increasing concentrations of magnesium sulfate. Dialysis of the dispersion against the dispersing agent to which sodium bisulfite had been added served merely to sharpen the separation of the fractions. Dialysis against the dispersing agent to which sodium sulfite had been added resulted in failure to recover much of the less soluble portion of the gluten by precipitation. It is suggested that the sulfite ruptured disulfide bonds of the less soluble fractions of gluten.The amino acid composition of successive fractions varied regularly, with the less soluble fractions containing less glutamic acid and proline and more arginine, lysine, aspartic acid, threonine, glycine, alanine, and tryptophan than did the more soluble fractions. This relationship among fractions was not altered by the exposure of gluten to reducing agents.Precipitates produced during hydrolysis of the gluten fractions by papain also varied regularly in amino acid composition but the proportions of individual amino acids were entirely different from those for the total protein in the fraction.Gluten must be considered as a complex combination of protein components but the number of components involved cannot yet be determined.

The copolyaddition reaction ofp-chlorophenyl glycidyl ether with cis-hexahydrophthalic anhydride was investigated in the presence of tri-n-butylamine in xylene by varying monomer compositions. The yield and the molecular weight of the polymeric product increased with time and had maximum values at the equimolar mixture of monomers. The amine is found to suppress largely the undesirable side reactions of epoxide and anhydride homopolymerizations. With excess epoxide, the copolymers are better than 90% hydroxylterminated, and with a large excess of anhydride, carboxyl termination predominates. Agreement between the partial epoxide contents without chain end units in polymeric products by the chlorine content and by the saponification number is very good to about 50 mole-%, which implies that both epoxide and anhydride become strictly bifunctional toward each other. The suitability of the mechanism proposed previously for this reaction was discussed in the light of the observed phenomena. Die Copolyaddition von p-Chlorphenylglycidylather und cis-Hexahydrophthalsaureanhydrid wurde kin Gegenwart von Tri-n-butylamin in Xylol untersucht; dabei wurde die Zussammensetzung der Monomerenmischung variiert. Ausbeute and Molekulargewicht des polymeren Reaktionsproduktes nehmen mit der Zeit zu; maximale Werte werden bei aquimolarem Monomerengemisch erhalten. Das Amin unterdruckt weitgehend die underwunschten Nebenreaktionen, d. h. die Homopolymerisation des Epoxids bzw. des Anhydrids. Bei einem Uberschus von Epoxid haben mehr als 90% der Copolymeren Hydroxylendgruppen, und bei einem grosen Uberschus an Anhydrid herrschen die Carboxylendgruppen vor. Die Ubereinstimmung des spartiellen Epoxidgehalts (ohne die Kettenendeneinheiten) in den polymeren Produkten, der auf Grund des Chlorgehaltes und auf Grund der Verseifungszahl zu etwa 50 Mol-% bestimmt wurde, ist sehr gut; daraus ergibt sich, das sowohl das Epoxid als auch das Anhydrid steng alternierend reagieren. An Hand dieser Ergebnisse wird die Brauchbarkeit des fruher vorgeschlagenen Reaktionsmechanismus erortert.

Singapore is a city state with 80 percent of the population classified as urban. Inadequate and overcrowded housing has led to a massive urban renewal programme. A survey of a sample of residents, predominantly Chinese, who were most likely to be affected by urban renewal led to the identification of two groups: the ‘hard core poor’ and the ‘better off’. Differences between the two groups in activity patterns and attitudes to high-rise flats, appearing around the periphery of the central area, were only marginal, but the hard core poor were much more uncertain about the impact of urban renewal on their life styles. It was concluded that problems of adjustment to urban renewal would be considerably greater for the hard core poor, and, as they comprised the older, less well educated segment of the population with fewer family ties, their future welfare could become a government responsibility.

3H-Labeled king snake serum and three pit viper venoms were administered intraperitoneally to rats to study the tissue distribution and rate of excretion. The peak blood level of king snake serum corresponded to that of the three venoms. The liver played a major role in metabolizing the venoms and king snake serum. Fecal excretion was the major route of elimination of these substances.

✓ In a series of 227 patients considered to have a sufficiently severe lumbar disc syndrome to warrant surgery, only 70 had a simple herniation of the nucleus pulposus; 65 had lumbar spondylosis and five spinal stenosis. The remainder had combinations of two or more of these three conditions, as determined by Pantopaque myelography in all cases and substantiated by operative findings in the majority. The possibility that any of these changes may cause a lumbar disc syndrome is emphasized in relation to appropriate surgical management.

Using the invariance in rotation, refletion and time reverse, general formulae for polarization in the nucleon-deutron scattering have been obtained. The consequences are represented in turn of scattering phase shifts.