Search

A change in a noradrenaline concentration in the noradrenergic terminals was investigated by the fluorescent histochemical method in pars ventralis nuc. interstitialis striae terminalis, nuc. septi lateralis and in nuc. preopticus medialis of male Wistar rats in the process of reproduction of conditioned passive avoidance response. In all the investigated structures of the preliminarily trained animals the reproduction of a conditioned response (without any electrical stimulation) led to a statistically reliable decrease in the noradrenaline concentration. The data obtained testified to the participation of the noradrenergic brain system in the reproductive process of the conditioned passive avoidance response.

A detailed analysis of 33 cases of operations on the brachiocephalic trunk is reported. An experience with surgical treatment for occlusive lesions of the brachiocephalic trunk of various etiology to liquidate chronic ischemia of the brain has evidenced that in aorto-arteritis the prosthesizing of the brachiocephalic trunk with synthetic prosthesis yields the most favourable results.

The clinical course of the ischaemic heart disease was studied and compared with the ECG indices at rest, and under exercises, and with the data of selective coronary angiography in 189 patients. Three stages of decompensation of the coronary reserve were revealed. The efficiency of drug therapy and the indications for surgical management were studied with reference to the state of the coronary reserve.

Intraoperative haemodynamics was studied in 31 patients with pre-infarction angina pectoris and in 3 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Twelve of them (3 with myocardial infarction) were subjected to a graphic examination of 12 haemodynamic parameters. Aorto-coronary bypass procedures using autovenous grafts were demonstrated to improve the contractile function of the left-ventricular myocardium in this group of patients, as manifested in a decrease of the binite diastolic pressure, increase of the cardiac index and stroke volume in the aorta. Tracing the intraoperative haemodynamics helps in determining the immediate postoperative prognosis and in choosing the optimum regimens of drug therapy. The determination of the volume blood flow in the bypass with the help of a flowmeter is a compulsory procedure, since it permits an objective assessment of the adequacy of the conducted revascularization of the myocardium.

The wall of lover-limb arteries affected with severe atherosclerosis contains a Complex of substances with pro- and anticoagulative activities. The arterial wall, traumatized in endarterectomy by separation of the individual coats, releases procoagulative substances into blood circulation. The most conspicuous local manifestations of hypercoagulation and hypofibrinolysis appear on the day of surgery. The artery operated upon releases the thromboplastic factor for nine days; substances shortening the thrombin time (antiheparin substance, thrombin accelerator), for five days; and inhibitors of fibrinolysis, for four days after operation. A correlation was found between the regenerative process in the endarterectomized artery and the dynamics of the release of tissue factors influencing the haemocoagulation.

A new surgical conception of urgent direct revascularization of the myocardium in acute infarction is discussed and substantiated. Clinical observations and results of 13 urgent operations for aorto-coronary shunting in 10 patients with acute myocardial infarction are analysed (double aorto-coronary shunting was performed in 3 cases). Indications to urgent revascularization of the myocardium in infarction were as follows: no effect of drug therapy during 2--3 hours since its onset, a failure to eliminate pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock in a localized proximal occlusion of the coronary artery, revealed during a planned or urgent coronarography. Three patients were operated upon in the state of cardiogenic shock (one after reanimation), two with pulmonary edema. All these patients (excluding one with pulmonary edema) have made a good recovery. Three patients died. Good immediate and late results obtained evidence the advantage of this policy. The problems of most optimum terms for urgent revascularization of the myocardium are discussed.

Low molecular weight nuclear RNAs (LMWN RNAs) of normal and neoplastic tissues: the rat liver and Zajdela hepatoma, mouse spleen and NK/Ly ascites tumor, as well as the cultures of normal chick embryo fibroblasts and of those transformed with Rous sarcoma virus were studied by electrophoresis in 8% and 15% polyacrylamide gels. As a result of the study no qualitative differences, i.e. differences in the number of LMWN RNA main fractions and their electrophoretic mobility were found. But there were revealed quantitative variations in the relative amount of definite fractions of these RNAs. An increase of the U3 RNA content in ascites tumors may be connected with an enhancement of the ribosomal RNA synthesis. Variations in the content of low molecular weight RNAs in oncogenic virus transformed cells may reflect an excessive synthesis of low molecular weight viral RNAs during the process of virus reproduction. The quantitative alterations observed seem to be of special value since LMWN RNAs are likely to perform regulatory functions.

The effect of isoptin was studied in 271 patients with ischemic heart disease and various disturbances of the cardiac rhythm. Clinical, functional indices and coronarographic findings proved the drug to be highly effective. The mechanism of its action is discussed.