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The effect of catecholamines on chain peroxidation of lipids in the liver mitochondrial membranes in the presence of Fe++ ions was studied by a very weak chemiluminescence method. Catecholamines between concentrations of 10−6 and 10−4 M were shown to inhibit this process. By a mathematical investigation of the kinetics of the process constants of antioxidative activity of the catecholamines were calculated, as follows: for noradrenalin 1.13·104 M−1, adrenalin 1.04·104 M−1, dopamine 7.6·103 M−1, and dopa 5·103 M−1. The antioxidative action of the catecholamines was linked with the presence of a free phenol group in their molecule. The mechanism of inhibition consists of interaction between catecholamines and free radicals leading the oxidation chains. It is postulated that the antioxidative action of catecholamines may have an important role in the regulation of the permeability of biological membranes.

General global [vsemirnye] economic relations continue to exist and develop in the conditions of the peaceful coexistence of states with different social systems. Expansion of global market relations, of international trade, on an equal and mutually profitable basis facilitates the economic development of individual countries and the exploitation of the advantages of international division of labor.

We present the results obtained in measuring the current density of anode spots in a carbon arc in air and we show its relationship to the magnitude of the arc current, analogous to the cathode spot.

The dependence of the total current density in the spots on its different components and the current is examined by considering the energy balance of the electrode sheaths. The factors affecting electrode erosion are determined. Results of measurements of the current density in spots on iron electrodes in arcs with different currents are given.

The system of nonlinear differential equations describing the distribution of neutrons in an absorbing rod in the Pn approximation is transformed into a system of integral equations more convenient for investigation. A method of solution based on the use of successive approximations is proposed.

The energy balance and the Lambert-Bouguer law are used to obtain a mathematical relationship between the current density for the electrode spots of a carbon arc and the current. Theoretical calculations are confirmed by experiment.

1. After optimal TMT, domains of magnetic interaction appear in the form of a band system only in single crystals of the YuNDK24 alloy. 2. Rearrangement of the domain structure in single crystals of alloy YuNDK24 is observed in fields corresponding to the steep sections of the hysteresis loop. 3. The domain structure depends on the magnitude and the uniformity of the demagnetizing field; the more intense and the less uniform the field, the more distinct the domain structure.

The decay of 115mCd to 115In is studied. Gamma intensities are measured with a Ge(Li) detector. Two new transitions are observed and placed in the level scheme. The following γ-γ directional correlations are determined (energies in keV): 484.35–933.6, 158.1–1132.5 and 316.1–1132.5. The M1 strengths are derived for two transitions connecting members of the vibrational multiplet: B( M 1, 1290.5 13 2 + → 1132.5 11 2 + ) = 0.5 ± 0.1 μ 2 0 and B( M 1, 1448.7 9 2 + 1132.5 11 2 + ) = 0.5 ± 0.3 μ 2 0 . The half-life of the 933.6 7 2 + state as measured by the delayed-coincidence technique is T 1 2 = 57 ± 5 ps . The partial half-life of the 933.6 7 2 + → 828.4 3 2 + E2 transition is 55 times less than the Weisskopf estimate. The static quadrupole moment of the 7 2 + and 3 2 + states is evaluated on the assumption that these levels are members of the proposed rotational band: Q0 = 2.7 ± 0.3 b. This is in agreement with the corresponding value for the 864.0 1 2 + → 828.4 3 2 + transition, and the result of a recent direct measurement of the static quadrupole moment of the 828.4 3 2 + state. The suggestion that the 1418.0 9 2 + level is also deformed is supported by the fact that the decay occurs preferentially to the 933.6 7 2 + state, whereas no transition connecting the 1448.7 9 2 + state with the 933.6 7 2 + state is observed.

The electric monopole contribution to the 689 keV 2 β → 2 g transition in 152 Sm is studied by measuring the 689K-122γ directional correlation. The result for the directional correlation coefficient is a 2 (K γ ) = 0.10±0.05. This value is used together with earlier electron and γ-ray intensity data to evaluate the E0/E2 electron amplitude and the M1 penetration parameter. The corresponding E0/E2 mixing ratio is compared with recent theoretical predictions.

Transition probabilities in the odd-odd nucleus146Eu are measured. A recent determination of the lifetime of the 115.6 keV level has indicated a strong retardation of the 115.6 keVM1 transition. In contrast, the present results areT1/2(230.3)≦165 ps,T1/2(115.6)≦160 ps. TheE2 cross-over transitions of 269.5 and 230.3 keV were not found in the Ge(Li) gamma spectrum. All results are in agreement with the single particle model.

In their plans to destroy socialism from within, the organizers of the notorious policy of "bridge-building" count on certain politically immature strata of the intelligentsia in socialist countries. They seek, by flattery and flirtation, to counterpose the intelligentsia against the Communist and workers' parties, to drive a wedge between them. Our ideological opponents use various means to attain this objective, not the least of which is distortion of the role of the Communist and workers' parties in cultural development. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union and its cultural policy are subjected to particularly zealous assaults.

The 22nd Congress of the CPSU summed up the magnificent achievements of the Soviet Union in all spheres of economic and cultural development, and adopted the new CPSU Program which opens up the prospect of building a communist society, of creating the material and technical basis of communism in the next 20 years.

The action of estradiol dipropionate (250 μg/kg) and phenobarbital (80 mg/kg), both separately and in combination (a single injection of estradiol dipropionate after administration of phenobarbital for 4 days), was studied on ovariectomized rats. Administration of phenobarbital or estradiol dipropionate was shown to increase the incorporation of phenylalanine-H3 in a cellfree protein-synthesizing system from liver microsomes of ovariectomized rats by 86 and 53% respectively. Combined administration of the estrogen and barbiturate was not followed by summation of that effect. Correlation was found between the increase in the rate of incorporation of phenylalanine-H3 in vitro and the increase in the concentration of cytochrome P450 in vivo in the microsomes of the liver cells after both separate and combined administration of the preparations. The role of phenobarbital as an activator of estradiol metabolism in the liver cells is discussed.

The action of several steroids on lipid peroxidation in the mitochondrial membranes of the rat liver in the presence of Fe++ ions was studied by recording the very weak chemiluminescence. All the hormones investigated had an antioxidant action, but the mechanism of this action varied. Removal of the ovaries and adrenals gave effects opposite to those of injection of estrogens and glucocorticoids in vitro.

The results are given of an experimental investigation of the load characteristics of pulse-discharge xenon lamps with a luminous channel of 16-mm diameter. A description is given of the method of calculating the operating conditions of such lamps in a CLR series circuit.

By using histological, histochemical and electron-microscopic methods it is shown that upon administration of phenobarbital, nembutal and sodium barbital to albino mice for a space of 5 and 25 days there occur changes in the metabolic and synthetic processes in the endometrium, which with a short-term action become manifest in inhibition and with their prolonged application--in activation of these processes. There are available data that bear proof to the appearance of signs pointing to destruction occurring in the uterine epithelium secondary to the introduction of the said agents.

Sex hormones heighten the rate of the NADP-H oxidation. A relation between the oxidation rate of steroids and the polarity of their molecule has been found. Both androgens and estogens inhibit the transport of electrons in the NAD-H-dependent chain. The capability of steroids to hydrooxylate depends upon the chemical structure and not the affiliation to androgens or estrogens.

The action of estradiol dipropionate (250 microgram/kg) and of phenobarbitone-sodium salt (80 microgram/kg) was studied in separate and combined (a single injection of estradiol-dipropionate after a 4-day administration of the phenobarbital-sodium salt) administration. There was an increase in the H3-phenylalanine incorporation into the cell-free protein-synthesizing system by 86% in comparison with control ovariectomized group. Under these conditions estradiol-dipropionate increased the incorporation of the labeled amino acid by 53%. A combined administration of the estrogen and of the barbiturate was not accompanied by the summation of the given effect. There was revealed a correlation between the increase in the rate of the H3-phenylalanine incorporation in vitro and an increase in the content of the cytochrome P-450 in vivo in the microsomes of hepatocytes in separate and combined administration of the preparations. The role of phenobarbitone-sodium salt as an activator of estradiol metabolism in the hepatocytes is discussed.

During the first three hours after a single administration of phenobarbital or morphine into rats a marked increase was observed in the activity and content of the respiratory chain components responsible for the oxidation of NAD-H2 and NADP-H2 in liver microsomes. This activation of oxidative enzymes correlated with the disappearance of hypnotic and analgetic effects of the narcotics. The phase following the normalization of oxydative systems was characterized by the increase of microsomal enzymes level. This is related to their specific induction only by phenobarbital.