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One hundred and five rabbits were immunized with a streptococcal group A and C vaccine. About 50% of the rabbits died during the immunization, mainly of unknown causes. The amounts of precipitating and agglutinating antibodies, antibody restriction, and γ-globulin allotypes within the a locus were determined and correlated with one another. The mean precipitin and agglutinin titers of the rabbit antisera with some kind of restricted response in almost all case were higher than the titers of the antisera from the rabbits with a heterogeneous response, but the difference was significant in only a few cases. No significant correlation was found between allotypic markers and the other variables mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One hundred and five rabbits were immunized with a streptococcal group A or C vaccine. An anti-antibody production in relation to the antistreptococcal antibody production was measured by two methods, the latex fixation test and the sensitized sheep erythrocyte test (the Waaler-Rose test). The anti-antibody production was correlated to the amount of precipitating and agglutinating antistreptococcal antibodies, antibody restriction, and γ-globulin allotypes within the a locus. Anti-antibodies measured by the Waaler-Rose test showed no correlation with any of the variables mentioned. The anti-antibody production measured by the latex fixation test showed a correlation with antibody restriction; that is, a positive latex reaction was found in a higher percentage of rabbits with a homogeneous or restricted heterogeneous antibody response to streptococcal carbohydrate antigens than in rabbits with a heterogeneous antibody response. Possible mechanisms underlying the production of anti-antibodies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The degree of uptake of DNP 125I-HSA (= DNP ∗HSA) conjugates by mouse peritoneal exudate (PE) cells in vivo and their retention in the spleen, and liver depended on the density of hapten per carrier molecule. Forty to 400 times more DNP29∗HSA and DNP39∗HSA were ingested by PE cells as compared to HSA alone. Significantly more DNP29∗HSA and DNP39∗HSA persisted in the spleen and liver after intraperitoneal injection than ∗HSA, DNP6∗HSA or DNP11∗HSA. ∗HSA, DNP6∗HSA, and DNP11∗HSA were rapidly catabolized after uptake in macrophages in vitro, but a small amount of these antigens was associated with the cells. About 50% of the ∗HSA was membrane-bound. ∗HSA conjugated with DNP29 or DNP39 was more rapidly catabolized by PE cells than when it was present in low-density hapten-carrier conjugates. More of the high-density conjugates were associated with the PE cells than was the case with the other conjugates, and again about 50% of the radioactivity was membrane-bound. Thus, the degree of metabolism and persistence of ∗FISA in vitro was also related to the density of hapten on the carrier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on the immune response against hapten-autologous protein carriers in mice, guinea-pigs and rabbits have shown that the new antigenic determinants introduced in the carrier molecule by the hapten coupling reaction play an important role in the induction of both immunity and tolerance to these conjugates. The present experiments were designed to elucidate the specificity of the new antigenic determinants induced (1) by different haptens through the same coupling procedure and (2) by the same hapten coupled by different procedures. The results showed that both the nature of the hapten and the coupling procedure played a role in the serological specificity of the new antigenic determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In earlier experiments we showed that lightly hapten-coupled bovine serum albumin (e.g. DNP5-BSA) elicited mainly IgG anti-DNP antibodies and concomitant immunological memory in mice, whereas DNP50-BSA induced a primary IgM response, little IgG antibody and poor memory. Although the latter are characteristic of T cell-independent antibody responses, antibody formation to DNP50-BSA was found to be highly thymus-dependent. In the present study the metabolism of DNP5-BSA and DNP50-BSA was investigated. In vivo DNP50-BSA was rapidly cleared from the bloodstream, but persisted at much higher levels in the liver and spleen than DNP5-BSA. DNP50BSA was taken up more efficiently by macrophage cultures than DNP5-BSA, but released comparatively slowly. Analysis of culture supernatants showed that macrophages degrade both antigens to the same degree. We conclude that heavy dinitrophenylation decreases the susceptibility of DNP-BSA to degradation by lysosomal proteases, but the relationship between the metabolic behaviour of various DNP-BSA conjugates and their immunogenic properties is at present unclear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An adenoma in the antropyloric mucosa of a patient with recurrent duodenal ulcers was identified by immunofluorescence as a gastrinoma. Resected pancreatic tissue showed greatly increased numbers of islets and ducts. Insulin and glucagon cells were revealed by immunofluorescence not only in the islets but also in the duct epithelium. Signs suggesting neoformation of islets from the duct epithelium were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents author index to the December 1974 issue of the "Scandinavian Journal of Immunology." The list include B. Aasted, G.L. Ada, G.V. Alm, F Amtrup, P. Anderson, H.M. Hoyeraal, and J. Holliday.

Presents an authors index of the "Scandinavian Journal of Immunology."