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Since there has been no significant increase in cancer cure rates in recent years that can be attributed to the treatment method alone, new and more radical procedures have been introduced in an effort to improve the results. In radiation therapy this has taken the form of supervoltage generators and in the use of high energy sources of radiation such as Cobalt 60 and Cesium 137. As this trend gains momentum, the place and future of orthovoltage therapeutic radiation (250 to 400 kilovolts) must be considered. General agreement is that supervoltage radiation offers an increase in depth dose and fewer local and systemic reactions, but it is too early to assess any change in cure rate. Measured against this is the danger of deep tissue damage, less relative biological efficiency and increased costs. In view of our ignorance regarding cancer, abandoning proved procedures prematurely is unjustified. The most promising trend lies in improved training and in the skillful use of what we have. While it may be that radiation of higher voltages will improve the morbidity and mortality rates, it would be better to concentrate these new modalities in centers where large numbers of cases are available.