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Ari X-ray diffraction method has been developed for the determination of silica content of B--eucryptite solid solution precipitated in glass-ceramics. B-Eucryptite solid solytions.of Varioug silica content were prepared by the crystallization of glass technique, and d-spacings corresponding to (514), (406), (220), (206) and (114) lines were measured to obtain cali.braQon curvesMDThe Tocalibtation curves, showing the correlation between lattice constaRts and silica content of the solid solution had bent at the composition of Li20-A1203e3 SiO2 and Li20.A1203e 4SiO2.This phenomenon was explained on the basis of repulsive fore betwee-n lith um.iops, or litAium ion'and other cations in the lattice.On the low silica content region, the lattice constants also depended upon the crystallizing temperature and time. However, it was foupd that the calibrat- ocurve, showing .the correlation of (406) interplanar spacing against the silicacontent was linear irrespective of the crystallizing temperature over all solid solutiqn ladday eO1ule time required for ari analysis was dbout one hour w.hep the ayerage -of .thre.e time measurgments the interplanar spacing was used. The absolute values of the lattice constants 6Et5ihed in this woik can bMe also used for the determination anywhere it. is required, if correction is made for systematlc error

Soluble chromatins were isolated from apical and axial parts of the cauliflower inflorescence. The template activities of the two chromatins were found to differ significantly, when using RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli . The derivative thermal melting profiles showed at least three melting peaks for each chromatin, indicating that higher T m values could be distinguished in the apical chromatin in each peak. Histones extracted from both chromatins were analysed by acrylamide disc-electrophoresis. A much smaller amount of presumed F1 fraction was observed in the sample from axial chromatin.

The present studies aims to study the periodical change of the biting force after the insertion of a clasp and an attachment extension partial denture and deal with the studies on the periodical change of the biting force of an abutment tooth and an artificial tooth supporting these dentures a clasp and an attachment extension partial denture by adjusting a unilateral or a bilateral partial denture and inserting each into a missing mandibular unilateral and a bilateral molar.The thirty-eight subjects aged 20 to 49 (m. 20, f. 18) in the present studies have a unilateral or a bilateral molar extracted because of dental caries more than three months ago, and are provided with the alveolar ridge suitable for dentureinserting, and have never had any plate dentures, and have normal remaining teeth. Partial dentures consist of clasp extension partial denture (Co-Cr metal framework denture) and attachment ones (ASC 52). To the same subject the author inserted and used a clasp extension partial denture for ten months, and after one more month the author measured each biting force by changing it into an attachment extension partial denture and inseting it.The biting force was measured by the instrument for measuring the biting force with strain-guage (bite element) made by Showa Sokki Co. Ltd. and its record was kept by the multipurpose monitor recorder (RM-150) made by Nihon Kodensha Co. Ltd. The author measured the largest biting force of an abutment tooth, an artificial tooth and each natural tooth on the noninserted side by intercalating the bite element between upper teeth and a lower tooth, and having it bitten as hard as possible. That is, it was measured as follows: immediately before and after the insertion of the denture, two days, and one, two and three weeks, and one, two, three, four, six, eight and ten months after the insertion.The results of the present studies are summarized as follows.1. The biting force of an abutment tooth supporting a clasp and an attachment extension partial denture in both a unilateral and a bilateral denture is obviously larger immediately after than before the insertion, while it is the smallest in a longterm of periodical change.2. Plenty of cases show that the biting force of the abutment teeth of unilateraldentures is smaller than that of the same tooth on non-inserted side in a clasp and an attachment extension partial denture.3. In an increasing order of the biting force of abutment teeth are the caine, the first premolar, the second premolar and the first molar.4. There is the least difference in the biting force between all abutment tooth supporting a unilateral and a bilateral denture. And there is also the least difference in the bitin force between each abutment tooth supporting a bilateral partial denture.5. In a clasp and an attachment extension denture, the biting force of an artificial tooth is smaller than that of an abutment tooth, and the biting force of the second molar is clearly smaller than that of the first molar.6. As shown in many cases of unilateral partial dentures in a clasp and an attachment extension partial denture, the biting force of an artificial tooth is on a great increase one monthafter the insertion and becomes the largest two or thsee months after.The biting force of bilateral clasp extension partial dentures continue to increase three or four weeks after the insertion and becomes the largest two or three months after the insertion, while the biting force of bilateral attachment extension partial dentures continues to increase three or four weeks after the insertion and becomes the largest two months after the insertion. And each biting force in aunilateral and a bilateral denture often begins to decrease a little about six months after the insertion.

The measured dissipation factor and breakdown strength of liquid nitrogen impregnated polyethylene paper insulation for cryogenic power cable are presented. The effect of screening, and impulse and ac deteriorations are discussed. The tests were carried out using model cable type specimens.

This article introduces the cryogenic power cable, especially its thermal and electrical insulations. These are important matters on the reliability of cryogenic cables. Thermal insulating methods for cables are similar to general cryogenic vesseles. However the length of the cable makes some troubles in evacuation, formation, etc. The applications of thermal insulating methods are discussed with the examples of several plants. Electrical insulating materials at low temperature have been researched in these few years. Solid materials have no reliability because of thermal cracks. Polyethylene paper laminated insulation impregnated with liquid nitrogen has good performance for liquid nitrogen cooled cable. For the superconductive cable, supercritical helium impregnated tape-type insulator seems promissing as electrical insulating methods.

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase was easily solubilized from the apical part of cauliflower inflorescences into homogenizing medium containing ammonium sulfate. A distinct RNA polymeraseshave been isolated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. DEAE-polymerase II was more effectively primed when denatureded calf-thymus DNA, rather than native DNA, was used as a template. Cauliflower DNA extracted from the inflorescence was more effectively utilized when cauliflower RNA polymerase, rather than calf-thymus DNA, was used as a template for RNA synthesis.

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase fractions isolated from cauliflower inflorescence were found to be accompanied with poly (A) and poly (G) synthesizing activities in the presence of denatured calf-thymus DNA. The dialysis against Tris-HCl buffer in the absence of Mg++, dithiothreitol (DTT) and EDTA resulted in a great increase of poly (A) polymerase activity while RNA polymerase and poly (G) synthesizing activities decreased.

High density polyethylene (HDPE) has each its distinctive features in the rheological properties according to its manufacturing process. The present work proposes to present a quantitative relationship between its molecular weight distribution and the melt viscoelastic properties for some samples of HDPE.The samples have been fractionated by both the elution column technique and the precipitation technique. The number-average, weight-average and Z-average molecular weights have been calculated from the smoothed molecular weight distribution curve for each sample by the method of summation.The viscoelastic properties of some series of the commercial HDPE have been measured by means of a concentric cylinder type rheometer at different temperatures (150∼230°C). The angular frequency (ω) ranges from about 10-2 to 50sec-1. The ratio of flow rate at shear stress 106dyne/cm2 to at 105dyne/cm2 (=flow ratio; FR), which gives a good indication of the non-Newtonian property of samples, have been measured by means of a melt indexer type rheometer.The results are as follows;(1) The linear relationship is found between Mw/Mn and Mz/Mw for only a series of samples made by the same manufacturing process.(2) FR is found to be related to Mz/Mw, not to Mw/Mn. log FR=0.137Mz/Mw+1.04(3) Dynamic viscosity (η') and dynamic regidity (G') can be superposed according to the temperature-time superposition principle, and shift factors aT from η' and G' are practically the same.Agreement with constancy of shift factor for various molecular weights (Mv=5∼10×104) and distributions is good, and the apparent activation energy (ΔHa) calculated from the shift factor is 6-7kcal/mol. ΔHa of copolymer is also of the same value.(4) Master curves also are constructed with respect to the molecular weight for measurements of η' and G' versus ω for only those samples in which Mz/Mw are equal to each other.Shift factors aM from η' and G' are the same.The relationship must also be right in the steady flow viscosity, and confirms that HDPE with the same Mz/Mw have equal FR.(5) The relationship between η0 and Mw is effected by the molecular weight distribution.log η0=3.5log Mw+log (Mz/Mw)-12.7

Biosynthesis of the heterocycle, 1H-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-5-oxo-9,10-dihydroxyimidazo[3,4,5-de]pyrimido[1,2-a]quinolinium-1- carboxylate, produced by iron-deficient Azotobacter vinelandii, Strain 0 was investigated using 14C-labeled aminto acids and formate. The incorporation of 14C is consistent with this unusual heterocycle beinig derived from l -3(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)alanine, l -asparagine, formate and glycine.

Bacteriophages T2, T4 and T6 (T-even phages) do not make plaques normally when they are plated with a mutant of Escherichia coli K12, W4597, which has been shown to synthesize an abnormally low level of UDPG† due to a defect in UDPG pyrophosphorylase. T-even phages are adsorbed normally by W4597 cells, and induce replication of viral DNA. Infection by T4 of the strain W4597 induces the synthesis of hydroxymethyl cytosine- β -glueosyl transferase but does not evoke the activity of UDPG pyrophosphorylase. Growth of T-even phages on W4597 yields phage particles with deficiently glucosylated DNA which cannot grow on E. coli strains K12 or B but can multiply on strains of Shigella dysenteriae . These results thus indicate that UDPG, the synthesis of which is directed by host bacteria, is the normal and probably the sole glucosyl donor to DNA of T-even phages, and that the glucose moieties of DNA do not contribute genetic specificity to T-even phages but determine the ability of viral DNA to replicate successfully on certain hosts.

In summary, (1) male sterility and vegetative retardation in emmer wheat with ovata cytoplasm is not changed in remote offspring; (2) pollen restoration by the nuclear genes of T. dicoccoides is not based on the alteration of the cytoplasmic factor itself; (3) vegetative retardation in ovata plants with durum cytoplasm is not changed in remote offspring; (4) durum cytoplasm is not affected by the ovata nucleus in respect to male-sterility; and (5) heterogenity in genome combination does not cause cytoplasmic alteration. From these results, it is concluded that cytoplasmic properties which are species specific are maintained unchanged through the crossing with different species.

In the cource of development of the computer aided design (CAD) system, a new question named ""hidden-line problem"" has come forth. This paper deals with this problem and introduces a new method to eliminate from a polyhedron drawn by a computer, edge lines or parts of edge lines that are invisible to a given vantage point. And it also includes some illustrative examples solved by this method.

There are many gabbroic masses intruded prior to the emplacement of the older group granite in the Abukuma plateau. These intrusives are mainly hornblende gabbros with a small amount of cortlandite. Two representative intrusions, that is, Hayama and Utsushigatake‾bodies occupying about 3×2km. respectively, were described petrographically in some detail. Chemical and modal analyses were done on fifteen rocks including a hornblende gabbro pegmatite and two cortlandites. They are characterized by high Al2O3 and CaO, and relatively low SiO2 contents. Measured age of K-Ar dating on biotite from a gabbro is 86×106 years. This obtained age is apparently corresponding to that of the younger group granite.

アルミニウム中の微量の鉄,マンガン,亜鉛,銅を同時に簡便に定量できる,膜フィルターによる沈でん分離-けい光X線分析法を研究した.試料は水酸化ナトリウム溶液で溶解し,硫化ナトリウムを加えてから溶液を一部氷が析出する程度に冷却する.生じた硫化物沈でんをミリポアフィルターで濾別してけい光X線分析する.共沈剤を使用しないので硫化物沈でんの生成時に,アルミニウムの共存と溶液の冷却がよい結果を得るために必要であった.また内標準を用いる代わりに散乱X線との強度比を採用することによって強度測定における問題を解決した.誤差は50ppm付近で約2%,所要時間は1.5~2時間であった.

Agglomerates of synthetic mica crystals were treated hydrothermally with alkali, acid and salt solutions in order to ease the separation of mica crystals which are bonded together by glassy substance. (1) Among treatments with sodium hydroxide solutions of the concentration from 0.5 to 2 N at 350°C for 24 hr., that with 2n sodium hydroxide facilitated greatly the separation of mica crystals. A small amount of fluor-phlogopite probably changed to hydroxyl-phlogopite and hydroxides were produced by the hydro-thermal treatment. (2) The hydration of fluor-phlogopite and the formation of hydroxide were suppressed by the addition of fluorides in the treating solution. It was found that the presence of 1.5 mol. potassium fluoride per liter of treating solution was effective for the suppression. (3) Among treatments with potassium hydroxide solution in the presence of 2 mol. potassium fluoride per liter solution at 350°C for 24 hr., that with 0.25 N or more concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide was effecti...

1) Abnormal stomata, which appeared in the variegated leaves of cytoplasmic male-sterile durum plants were investigated cytologically and classified in six types according to two criteria, namely; degree of differentiation of guard cells and their nuclei, and abnormality or deficiency of subsidiary cells.2) Observation on the cross-section of variegated leaves revealed that the inner air space of the abnormal stomata was smaller than that of normal stomata and that palisade cells in the variegated portion were rather round and arranged irregularly.3) The frequency of occurrence of abnormal stomata was investigated. The percentage of abnormal stomata in the variegated portion reached as high as 38%, but the mean value in the variegated leaf was 12% in longitudinal and 9% in transverse directions. Mature leaves of male-sterile plants do not have abnormal stomata any longer (only 0.2% of the stomata was abnormal).4) Alteration of stomatal distribution was observed in the variegated leaves, that is; the average number of stomata per unit length is decreased in longitudinal direction and is increased in transverse direction, as compared to the number found in normal green leaves.5) It was ascertained from the x2-test that abnormal stomata did not occur at random in the variegated leaf, but occurred serially to a certain degree and that more series were found in longitudinal than in transverse direction.6) Cell length and nuclear length of guard cells in the variegated leaf varied widely and decreased in comparison with those of the normal green leaf. On the other hand, some subsidiary cells were increased in length (although the mean value of cell length was decreased). Width of cell and nucleus did not change to the same degree.7) A correlation between cell length and nuclear length of guard cells was found expressed by a correlation coefficient as high as +0.9137.8) The data presented lead to the assumption that an unknown cytoplasmic factor induces abnormal metabolism in winter leaves, leading to abnormal development of stomata, and on the other hand, to formation of abnormal chloroplasts. The abnormal stomata seem to accelerate the chlorophyll variegation.The present author wishes to express his cordial thanks to Dr. H. G. duBuy, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, U.S.A., who was kind enough to read over the manuscript and make some corrections in the style.

試料を空気流通下で電気炉を用いて燃焼分離したのち,すでに報告した過ヨウ素酸カリウムによるマラカイトグリーンの酸化反応へのマンガンの触媒作用を用いた反応速度法により,高純度イオウ中の極微量マンガンを定量する方法について研究した.イオウの燃焼条件としては空気流量250ml/min,電気炉の設定温度250℃,燃焼時間約30分(試料1～2g)が最適であり,燃焼残さの処理法としては6M塩酸を用いて加温溶解することにより良好な結果が得られた.空気流量を大きくし,電気炉の温度を高くすると燃焼が急激となり,低い定量値を与える.本法ではブランク値を低くおさえることができ,しかも反応速度法による定量感度がきわめて高いので,1gの試料をひょう取した場合5ppb程度までのマンガンの定量が可能であり,所要時間は約80分であった.

Parte deste artigo foi objeto da Comunicação apresentada no VI Congresso Internacional da Associação Latino-Americana de Estudos Afro-Asiáticos, em setembro de 1989, em Havana, Cuba.

バネ鋼(SUP6)製造の際その鋼塊に生ずる砂カミ(鋼塊表面および表面近くに生ずる非金属成分)の組成を明らかにするため,化学分析,X線回折,螢光X線分析など行ない,かつバネ鋼砂カミの生成原因について検討した。バネ鋼砂カミ成分は石英が極めて多く, その他クリストバライト, ムライトなどからなり造塊用耐火物の組成に似ていた。従来は鋼塊製造の際石英の生成は起りえないとし,このような場合砂カミは耐火物から来たものと判断されていた。しかしながら著者らの研究の結果,砂カミ成分中には耐火物に含まれていないマンガン,ストロンチウムなども含まれており,また石英:クリストバライトの比を考えると耐火物にくらべ極めて石英態ケイ酸分が多く,平均80:20で,最も多い場には92:8にも達した。一方,同じ方法により製造した炭素鋼に生じる砂カミは脱酸剤から生成したことが分析の結果明らかになった。以上の結果従来砂カミは鋼塊製造時耐火物その他から来たものと考えられていた見解に対し,砂カミ成分は大部分脱酸剤(フェロシリコンとシリコマンガンを用いた)の酸化生成物に由来するものと判断する。もしこの見解が正しいとすると脱酸過程において脱酸剤として用いたフェロシリコン,シリコマンガンなどから石英が生成するという新しい実験結果がえられる。

さきに報告した溶液法螢光X線分析の場合と同様,試料を塩酸および過酸化水素で分解し,ウランをTBP-ベンゼン溶液で抽出除去した.トリウムを含む水溶液を1～2mlに濃縮し,内部標準としてストロンチウムを加えたのち今回はこれにロ紙片6枚を浸し,溶液を全部吸収させ,乾燥させたものについて螢光X線分析する方法について検討した.強度測定は螢光X線スペクトルを記録紙に記録させて行なう方法によった.この方法によると溶液のまま測定する場合に比べ,より微量のトリウムが測定可能であった.絶対強度の再現性は悪いが,本法ではThLα1およびSrKαの強度比ITh/ISrを採用するので精度よく定量でき,35kV以上であるならば管球電圧,電流などの値がかなり異なってもよい.ITh/ISr対トリウム量で示された検量線は完全な直線にはならなかった.ロ紙片中のストロンチウム,トリウムなどが多少不均一であってもITh/ISrの測定値に影響しない.本法によってトリウム0.047%を含む金属ウラン0.6～1gをはかりとり,トリウムを定量した結果σ=0.002%Thであった.

The apical portion of the cauliflower inflorescence has a high DNA content. Soluble chromatin can readly be isolated, showing that the apical portion is a suitable source for the mass preparation of isolated chromatin. Two methods for the determination of the histone content of isolated chromatin were used. RNA synthesizing capacities were also examined. The degree of template activity does not depend on amount of histone estimated in the TCA-precipitate, but does depend on the amount of histone determined in chromatin in the soluble state. Condensed- and extended-chromatins were separated and extended chromatin had four times as high template activity as did condensed chromatin.

Exchange of nucleus by means of successive backcrosses to both parents has been carried out in an experiment with Tschermak's amphidiploid hybrid _??_ Aegilops ovata×Triticubr durum, known under the name of Aegilotricum.In the restoration backcrosses to Ae. ovata the process of restoring the ovata genomes to the ovata plasma has been accomplished in the course of three successive crosses. The final offspring were morphologically similar to Ae. ovata, had 14 bivalents at first metaphase and normal anthers filled with functional, good pollen.In the substitution backcrosses of Aegilotricum to T. durum, the three successive crosses resulted in durum plants with ovata plasma. They had at first metaphase 14 completely paired bivalents; the tetrad formation was normal but later all pollen was degenerating, and the small dry anthers contained empty pollen. However, the female organs were fully functional and seed setting by artificial pollination with durum or dicoccum pollen was normal. The male sterility was transmitted to the next generation by the mother.Similar pollen degeneration was observed in normal T. durum which have matured in winter after vernalization and long-day treatments.It is further to be noticed that durum plants with ovata plasma having extra chromosomes of Ae. ovata as univalents in addition to the 14 duram bivalents were only partially male-sterile. Especially, a 29-chromosome plant showed a very high pollen fertility of 92%.

When the mutants of Salmonella lacking UDPGal-4-epimerase were grown in the presence of galactose, they exhibited marked bacteriolysis in ordinary medium and were convested to soheroplasts in hypertomic medium. Lysis was not observed in non-growing cells. Synthesis of cell wall does not seem to be inhibited by galactose at least up to 5–10 min before lysis, but cell wall synthesized in the presence of galactose had a sugar composition quite different from that formed in its absence. In the light of these findings, the mechanism of lysis was discussed, considering the metabolic consequences of the absence of epimerase.

微量のバナジウム定量は比色法によるのが便利で,それについてはすでに種々の方法がある1)2)がいずれも一長一短がある.著者らは微量バナジウム定量に好適なジフェニルアミンスルホン酸ナトリウムを用いる吸光光度法を研究し砂鉄3),珪酸塩類4),食塩水5)などの中のバナジウムの定量に応用して良い結果をえた.今回はこの方法を鉄鋼およびフエロアロイ中の微量バナジウムの定量に応用した結果を報告する.

The yellow-green fluorescent peptide (hereafter called Compound A-1) has been isolated from iron-deficient Azotobacter vinelandii strain O, and the total structure of compound A-1 was determined by X-ray analysis (chromophore moiety) and the subtractive Edman degradation (peptide moiety).