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The effects of fire (litter removal, ash deposition, and direct heating) on soil factors (moisture, temperature, exchangeable ammonia, and nitrate) and tobosa production were studied in 1974 near Post, Texas in an effort to understand increases in tobosa yields following burning. In addition, tobosa community nitrogen levels were examined on five different ages of burns ranging from current to five years old for both convex and concave topographic sites near Colorado City, Texas in July of 1973 and 1974. Of fire's effects, only litter removal affected the soil factors measured. Plots without litter were warmer slightly drier, and had higher soil nitrate levels than plots with litter. In years of normal or above normal precipitation, the higher soil temperatures stimulate tobosa growth and soil nitrate production on plots without litter compared to the cooler plots with litter. During dry years, however, the warmer temperatures on plots without litter increased moisture stress on plants which negated the beneficial effects of warmer soil temperatures and decreased tobosa yields on burned plots. Fire consumes most of the litter and old growth originally present. Relatively large new growth yields the first two growing seasons following fire restores old growth-N to prefire levels by the end of the third growing season. Litter-N levels, however, are not restored until the end of the fifth growing season when stems produced during the first few seasons die and fall as litter. High inherent variation prevented the recognition of any meaningful trends in root or soil nitrogen levels. Concave sites tended to recover from fire more quickly than did convex sites. It appears that concave sites may be burned at five year intervals without depleting community nitrogen reserves and endangering future tobosa yields. Convex sites should not be burned more frequently than once every 7 or 8 years.

Black and white photograph showing a smoking fire along the side of a gravel road. Information on back of print reads: "Aug 1975, prescribed burn in unit I, slash pile burning.", Scanned from black and white print, Physical item loaned from the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge, Winona District, to Murphy Library in 2020. Part of the larger Upper Mississippi National Wildlife and Fish Refuge Historical Collection loaned to Murphy Library, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse., binder UMR3.004.003, UMR Projects: 1967-1975, Prescribed Burning tab

Not available

Handwritten draft of chapter four of The Wilderness Hunter . The chapter was published as chapters four and five.

Theodore Roosevelt sets a back-fire with the face of William H. Taft, to break the progress of a fire labeled "3rd Term" with the face of Roosevelt in the background. comments and context

Theodore Roosevelt writes to his sister Anna Roosevelt about happenings at the ranch and the recent trip to Yellowstone Park. Roosevelt has been doing some hunting but not getting much game. He expects to leave for home in about a week.

Grass fire

A black and white print of a grassy area along a tree line. Information from the back: "Permittee Myron Biggin, Cassville & area in Turkey River Bottoms to be control burned. 4-11-68.", Scanned from a black and white print., UMR3.3.9 Drawer - Burning, Physical item loaned from the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge, Winona District, to Murphy Library in 2020. Part of the Upper Mississippi National Wildlife and Fish Refuge Historical Collection loaned to Murphy Library, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse.

Black and white photograph showing black locust growth on the National Wildlife Refuge at Trempealeau, Wisconsin, Spring 1970, before cutting. Information on back of print reads: "Black locust growth on tremp NWR before cutting, Spring 1970, Leinecke.", Scanned from black and white print, Physical item loaned from the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge, Winona District, to Murphy Library in 2020. Part of the larger Upper Mississippi National Wildlife and Fish Refuge Historical Collection loaned to Murphy Library, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse., binder UMR3.004.003, UMR Projects: 1967-1975, Prescribed Burning tab

Black and white photograph showing a woman using a device to start a fire along the side of a tree-lined gravel road. Information on back of print reads: "Aug 1965, Ms Hilma Volk, Asst. Man. using kerosene fired weed burner to start burn.", Scanned from black and white print, Physical item loaned from the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge, Winona District, to Murphy Library in 2020. Part of the larger Upper Mississippi National Wildlife and Fish Refuge Historical Collection loaned to Murphy Library, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse., binder UMR3.004.003, UMR Projects: 1967-1975, Prescribed Burning tab

Black and white photograph showing a prairie with a a sign posting the number 3 and trees in the background., Scanned from black and white print, Physical item loaned from the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge, Winona District, to Murphy Library in 2020. Part of the larger Upper Mississippi National Wildlife and Fish Refuge Historical Collection loaned to Murphy Library, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse., binder UMR3.004.003, UMR Projects: 1967-1975, Prescribed Burning tab

Smoke rising from fire on ground, likely a prairie fire., Gelatin silver prints; Photographic postcards, 9 x 14 cm., Postmarked at Fullerton, N.D., Nov. 30, 1909, addressed to Minnie Fait, Walla Walla, Wash. Text reads: "11/29/09. This [illegible] is a picture is one I took at Braddock. I was about four miles away from it. Why don't you answer my letter, Era had to quit school in account of her eyes. The weather is fine here. Answer soon. [illegible].", Title supplied by staff. Name of photographer unknown.

A study of burned and unburned portions of grazed and ungrazed mixed prairie revealed a significant (p<.01) reduction in standing crop of grass on the ungrazed treatments whereas the reduction on the grazed treatments was not significant. Comparison of soil moisture on all treatments did not detect appreciable differences thus suggesting that the damaging effect of this wildfire was largely a function of the amount of fuel present at the time of the burn.

People work with shovels, sacks, and other items to put out a prairie fire burning somewhere in North Dakota.

Delaware County (Ind.), Center Township firefighters discuss the dangers of grass fires and ways to prevent them., This film originated from WLBC-TV and was (possibly) a part of a segment titled, “Week in Review.” The station was created in 1953 by Don Burton. WLBC-TV Channel 49 was sold in 1971 to a local non-profit group, who changed the station's callsign to the current WIPB-TV, now licensed by Ball State University., This archival material has been provided for educational purposes. Ball State University Libraries recognizes that some historic items may include offensive content. Our statement regarding objectionable content is available at: https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/about