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Your search keyword '"Hoffmann, S. M."' showing total 7 results
Start Over Author "Hoffmann, S. M." Publication Year Range More than 50 years ago
7 results on '"Hoffmann, S. M."'

1. Stress in Air Traffic Controllers: Comparison of Two Air Route Traffic Control Centers on Different Shift Rotation Patterns

Author

FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE, Melton, C E, Smith, R C, McKenzie, J M, Saldivar, J T, Hoffmann, S M, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE, Melton, C E, Smith, R C, McKenzie, J M, Saldivar, J T, and Hoffmann, S M

Abstract

Stress in 23 air traffic controllers (ATCS) at Atlanta Air Route Traffic Control Center (ATL) on the straight 5-day shift rotation schedule was compared with stress in 23 ATCS's on the 2-2-1 shift rotation schedule at Fort Worth Air Route Traffic Control Center (FTW). Stress in six other FTW ATCS's on the 5-day schedule was compared to stress in their 23 cohorts on the 2-2-1 schedule. Stress estimates were made from urinary levels of 17-ketogenic steroids (st), epinephrine (e), and norepinephrine (ne).

Published
1975

2. Comparison of OPA LOCKA Tower with Other ATC Facilities by Means of a Biochemical Stress Index.

Author

FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON D C OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE, Melton,C. E., McKenzie,J. M., Saldivar,J. T. , Jr., Hoffmann,S. M., FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON D C OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE, Melton,C. E., McKenzie,J. M., Saldivar,J. T. , Jr., and Hoffmann,S. M.

Abstract

Physiological and biochemical measurements of stress in 14 Opa Locka Tower (OPF) controllers indicated that the principal stressor at that facility was the heavy volume of air traffic. Controllers responded to this stressor with a large increase in urinary output of catecholamines. A stress index, Cs, shows that OPF ranks second in stressfulness in the nine stress studies carried out at eight ATC facilities. Baseline values show that off-duty stress at OPF is low. The results of this study emphasize that a battery of tests is necessary for adequate definition of stress in this personnel group.

Published
1974

3. High Temperature and Performance in a Flight Task Simulator

Author

CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST OKLAHOMA CITY OKLA, Iampietro,P. F., Melton,C. E. , Jr., Higgins,E. A., Vaughan,J. A., Hoffmann,S. M., CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST OKLAHOMA CITY OKLA, Iampietro,P. F., Melton,C. E. , Jr., Higgins,E. A., Vaughan,J. A., and Hoffmann,S. M.

Abstract

The effects of high cockpit temperature on physiological responses and performance were determined on pilots in a general aviation simulator. The pilots (all instrument rated) 'flew' an instrument flight while exposed to each of three cockpit temperatures: 25.0C (77F), 43.3C (110F), 60.0C (140F). Each flight lasted about 50 minutes. Performance was scored as the deviations in heading from the pre-determined flight path. Deviations were scored for seven segments of the flight. Physiological parameters recorded were: heart rate, deep body temperature, skin temperature and urine output and sweat loss. Results are discussed in terms of the complexity of the flight segment being 'flown.' (Author)

Published
1972

7. Effect of a general aviation trainer on the stress of flight training.

Author

Melton CE, McKenzie JM, Kellin JR, Hoffmann SM, and Saldivar JT

Subjects
17-Ketosteroids urine, Adult, Creatinine urine, Energy Metabolism, Epinephrine urine, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Norepinephrine urine, Oxygen Consumption, Aerospace Medicine, Aircraft, Stress, Physiological
Abstract

Sixteen students were given flight training according to a highly standardized and rigidly controlled 35-h syllabus. Eight of the group (TG) recieved 10 h of their training in a Link GAT-1 ground trainer and 25 h in a Cherokee 140B. the other eight (AG) recieved all of their training in the airplane. The resting heart rate (HR) of group TG was significantly lower when the ground trainer was to be used than was the resting HR of group AG on equivalent lessons. The difference disappeared when group TG was to fly the airpland. In flight, group AG'S HR was significantly higher than group TG's in the ground trainer. Again the difference disappeared when group TG flew the airpland. Physcial work, as indicated by O2 consumption, was greater in the airplane than in the ground trainer. Urine chemistry indicated only a few and inconsistent points of significant differece between the groups. However, pre- and post-flight differences showed highly significant differences for both TG and AG. Objective flight tests administered four times during the syllabus indicated insignigicant differences between TG and AG, likewise, a check pilot who did not know to which group a student belonged could not differentiate between groups TG and AG. It was concluded that 10 h training in the GAT-1 did not compromise the flying skill as judged by the check pilot.

Published
1975

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