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The article looks at a study which examines the relationship between modes of administrative succession at the corporate level and the organizational criterion of growth in manufacturing companies....

This paper challenges conventional descriptions of planning as necessarily tied to setting specific goals. The author describes a more intuitive planning process which proceeds by identifying arena...

This paper was written in an attempt to have industrial firms focus their attention upon the low supply of minority engineers available, and upon the upward mobility problems of such persons. The firms are requested to support programs designed to increase the supply of minority engineers. The industrial management is challenged to reassess their promotion policies with a view toward enabling more minority engineers to assume higher level positions in their organizations.

This article reports a portion of the findings of a study of the relationships between job satisfaction and construction productivity. Its objective was to clarify current thinking on personal work relationships, understandings, and communication as they affect home office management, field supervisors, and workmen. Data were collected from 65 in-depth interviews of 1 hr to 5 hr each with management and labor from companies employing carpenters, electricians, plumbers, pipe fitters, and sheet metal workers primarily from St. Louis, MO, with supplemental interviewing from Los Angeles and San Francisco. The research showed that in construction satisfactions are inherent in the work itself. It follows that efforts to improve job satisfaction and productivity lie in well-planned, smooth work flow rather than in job enrichment, as is advocated by organizational behaviorists for industrial or bureaucratic work situations.

The article explores the relationship between transcendental meditation and productivity at work. Using six measures of productivity, mediators reported they experienced increased job satisfaction,...

The association between three organizational control variables and measures of effectiveness is examined. The findings indicate that organizational performance at the first level of management is e...

The paper presents the construction management engineer in the first line of defense in preventing environmental pollution and degradation during construction. Damage can be reduced through knowledge about the environment and the project. The major construction activities that cause pollution and its magnitude are examined. The engineer is in a position to influence the outcome if he is aware of the problems associated with construction and their magnitude.

Nine principles are formulated and stated: (1) integrity; (2) selection and maintenance of the aim (to excel in construction); (3) skill (good organization, management, quality control, training, and procedures); (4) human considerations (personnel selection, utilization, and welfare); (5) responsibility (sense of accountability, cost accounting, and bookkeeping); (6) purposefulness (good impact on the community); (7) foresight (in planning, execution, and expansion); (8) lessons from successes and failures; and (9) acceptability (in time, with the specified quality, and without any unnecessary expenditures).

Through the years, administrative dietitians have been in step in putting into practice developments in managerial theory.

The normative model of leadership, proposed in earlier Technical Reports, is extended to include 'individual' problems (i.e., decision situations affecting only one subordinate) in addition to previously studied 'group' problems (i.e., decision situations affecting more than one subordinate). Descriptive models of leadership behavior are developed using subject responses to a problem set containing 24 group and 24 individual decision-making scenarios (case descriptions systematically varied on the eight attributes used in the normative model). Each of 98 leaders, including high ranking military officers from each branch of the service, was asked to specify the leadership process he would employ if confronted with each of the 48 cases. The results suggest that some findings supported by previous work can be generalized to individual situations. Comparison of the descriptive models, however, points to certain critical differences in the behavior of leaders faced with group versus individual problems. Evidence is presented to show the nature and implications of these differences. (Author)

A study of 19 manufacturing organizations revealed structural differences between relatively high and low performing organizations. Cluster analyses of the correlations among eleven measures of str...

This research examined relationships between perceived participation in the budget process and both motivation to achieve the budget and level in the organizational hierarchy. Need for authoritaria...

Introduction This account of an operational manpower planning study is presented to show how the available ingredients were mixed to produce a very successful and useful end product. It highlights, in particular, the cooperation between personnel management (Forestry Commission), manpower planning analyst (Civil Service Department Statistician) and trade union (Civil Service Union) which was such a productive feature of the exercise.

In the past several decades, large organizations have put into use a wide range of programs and practices aimed at the improved utilization of their human talent. The thousand largest husiness and industrial organizations in the world together spend in excess of $10 hillion each year in human resource management activities, excluding the value of time spent by individuals and managers away from work for purjHDses of training, development, interviewing, performance planning and review, and other activities. A discipline of human resource planning (manpower planning) has developed and is now widely used to guide management in planning and conducting these activities, and allocating these financial resources. Nearly all of the organizations in a recent survey of major U.S. and Canadian firms indicated that they practiced manpower planning (Walker, 1973). These organizations also indicated, however, that these practices are extremely traditional and rudimentary. The tools heing used in manpower planning do not appear to he adequate to meet the needs of management for proper evaluation and planning of investments in the human resource area. If the major financial investments heing made are to yield the returns that they should, more rigorous tools need to he added to the discipline of manpower planning. This paper proposes a four-stage model of human resource planning. Through human resource planning, management prepares to have the right people at the right places at the right times to fulfill hoth organizational and individual objectives. With the proper planning and evaluation, management is ahle to attract, retain, develop, and utilize talent to meet organizational challenges of the future. At the same time, the organization is ahle to provide employees with realistic and satisfying career opportunities. The human resource planning process may he viewed as having three elements

The components of assessment centers are described and evaluative research is reviewed. Predictive validity of assessment centers appears promising, especially for management positions, although th...

The article presents a comparison of believers and non-believers in the existence of social equality in New Zealand with work conditions of high and low participation in decision making, in relatio...

The article presents a comparative analysis of the use of computer to process personnel work in the private sector and the government sector in the U.S., as of 1974. Using data from 87 organization...

The article presents research which examined the theory of aspiration levels in a simulated goal setting environment of a firm. The study included four tasks which were selected to test the primary...

Joint effects of leader esteem for least preferred coworker (leader LPC), mean LPC of members, and intergroup competition on adjustment, interpersonal relations, and task performance effectiveness ...

This paper deals with business philosophy and the perception of executives of their responsibility towards owners, employees, customers and the public. The study indicates a changing trend in belie...

In applying contract administration to any particular engagement, the task is that of identifying the needed function, establishing the level of effort appropriate to each function, determining what organizational entity should provide services required for each function, and developing contractual relationships between the participating organizations so that the total project implementation team will function effectively and efficiently. Through a requisite series of administrative procedures with attendant responsibility, the contract administration group pursues project administration matters to include complete communication between the requisite management personnel at all responsible levels. Included topics are the development of relationships and responsibilities of the construction management team, tasks of the contract administrator, construction contract handling, and change order administration.

The article discusses a study conducted in a senior level class at California State College in San Bernardino, California in 1972. The eleven students were asked to complete the Miner Sentence Comp...

The purpose of this paper is to join together two historically separate schools of management thought. It is suggested that expectancy theory, a highly, »rational« theory of work motivation, can incorporate many of the tenets of the human relations, participative approach to management. This paper only means to be suggestive. Many of the relationship described are based on a rather loose definition of participation and some of the empirical support is only indirect at best. On the other hand, some of our recent research has dealt directly with the hypothesis suggested and the evidence is good. There are numerous studies left to be done in pursuit of this integration but hopefully these ideas provide a valuable initial step.

Under Baku-Han Regime in Tokugawa Era, there existed a peculiar superintendent system. There were superintendent officers called "METSUKES" both in Tokugawa Shogunate and in all Hans (Clans). Metsuke of the Tokugawa Shogunate superintended its own direct vassals and all Daimyos namely feudal lords who reigned over their Hans. Every Daimyo has his own metsuke to superintend and control his feudal vassals and to maintain law and order in his feudal territory.This paper is an inquiry into "Metsuke system" in Hachinohe-Han and consists of five parts as follows.1. Preface.2. The Outline of Hachinohe-Han.3. The Superintendent System (metsuke system) in Hachinohe-Han.4. The Task of metsuke in Hachinohe-Han.5. Closing remarks.Hachinohe-Han was one of the minor Hans. As for the ruling system of Hachinohe-Han, the feudal0 lord had a few ministers called "KAROS". Under karos, there were three kinds of top-class officials called Sanyaku. Most of the important matters in the Han were virtually decided and carried out by Sanyaku. Among Sanyaku, metsuke's duty or task was various and covered the widest range.Metsuke's task in Hachinohe-Han can be divided into two parts;First, Metsuke investigated and inspected the vassals including all the officials appointed from among the vassals both in their private and in their public lives, discovered good and evil of them, exposed their misdeeds, therefore, Metsuke held the practical power of reward and punishment for them and of personnel management of them.Really Metsuke was the pivot of vassal control in this Han. His duty or task in legal field, should be paid attention to. He issued various laws and ordinances to the vassals and to the common people in the territory. In legal questions, he examined laws and prejudications and tried to keep uniformity of the construction of las and ordinances in this Han.Secondly, he issued laws and ordinances to the common people as described above. He inspected all the territory, investigated crimes, punished criminals. He can be said to have been a procuratorial official and at the same time a judge both in criminal and civil trials.Metsuke was both an executive and judicial official and this was the remarkable characteristic of Metsuke.

This study examines a sample of first-semester MBA students to determine the relationship between their interpersonal needs and their preferences for a functional area of management. The students were categorized according to their preference for one of the following eight functional areas: accounting, systems analysis, finance, small business management, engineering, marketing, manufacturing management, and personnel management. Interpersonal needs were measured by the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation (FIRO-B) instrument developed by W. C. Schutz. Significant differences in interpersonal needs were found among students preferring different functional specialities. Implications of the results are discussed in terms of occupational choice processes.

The U.S. Coast Guard has been given responsibility for protection of the marine environment within navigable waters. These responsibilities have resulted in the need for an environment management information system. The work reported in this paper is one aspect of such a system, assessing the value of regression analysis in allocating resources to the operations of field personnel in the Coast Guard.

Mathematical models of judgment policy are compared in evaluating 625 performance reports during a single rating cycle. Linear and nonlinear analyses are used to describe the cues most important in...

During the past decade, there has been a growing interest in the idea of accounting for people as organizational resources. This interest has led to an emerging interdisciplinary field of research known as "Human Resource Accounting." This paper reviews the current body of theory and research in human resource accounting.

It is a particular pleasure and privilege to be invited to address this conference of the Institute of Personnel Management in its Diamond Jubilee Year. It is an additional pleasure that this should take place during my first year in office as Principal of the London Business School, an honour accorded to my predecessor Dr Arthur Earle who spoke to the National Conference in 1965. A great deal of water has passed under the bridge since that time. Much has occurred in the field of management education which serves as a backcloth to my main purpose which is to make some attempt to delineate what I believe a business school may contribute to management education.

Eleven existing management theory streams can be reduced to four concurrently and sequentially developing ones. Past and present evolutionary developments in management theory indicate that a futur...

An important aspect of the job of the 18,000 civil engineers in the Federal service is professionalism. A profession is defined in terms of: mental effort based on an educationally communicable body of knowledge, constant growth of the body of knowledge, dissemination of knowledge to all members, a society with professional requirements for membership, and standards of ethics and performance for all members. The paper covers various aspects of personal management problems the Federal government faces in dealing with civil engineers and other professionals. These are: identifying jobs that require professional competence, setting appropriate qualification requirements, recruiting high quality engineers and technicians, establishing career patterns that foster development and retention of engineers and technicians, providing training opportunities, identifying high potential for advancement, and providing for appropriate participation of professionals in employee management cooperation programs. The Civil Service Commission seeks the cooperation of civil engineers in achieving a top-notch Federal service.

The Hoover Commission's personnel management report was published on February 9, 1949, early in the first session of the 81st Congress. Four sessions of the Congress have had an opportunity to act on the report, and the executive branch has had four years to take advantage of those recommendations that could be adopted by administrative action. This seems to be an appropriate time, therefore, to review the record of progress in both legislative and executive branches, in order to learn the extent to which these far-reaching recommendations for improvement of federal personnel management have been adopted.Soon after publication of the report, intensive study and discussions began within the executive branch. The Civil Service Commission sent a preliminary memorandum of its views to the President on March 23, 1949, with a transmittal letter referring to the report as a “constructive document,” and agreeing with the objective of establishing a civilian career service. The Federal Personnel Council, composed of personnel directors of federal agencies and representatives of the Civil Service Commission and the Bureau of the Budget, made a detailed study of the report and submitted a number of comments to the Civil Service Commission.

A problem of almost daily concern and expense in many engineering offices is that of preparing specifications to accompany the design drawings. The AUTOSPEC system is presented to furnish a much closer control to the engineer than is offered by standard specifications, but at a small fraction of the cost of a custom-written document. The engineer works with a guide specification and makes selections, omissions, additions, and corrections to custom-fit his particular job. The computer then assembles these modifications, and cuts stencils on a high speed printer. As all stencils for the complete job can be cut automatically in a matter of minutes, this final operation can be delayed until the design is virtually complete, thus eliminating errors and changes associated with simultaneous preparation of drawings and specifications. Perhaps even more important, the specification writer's time can now be devoted to researching new materials and better construction techniques, rather than to repetitive editorial work.

This paper has been designed to examine the programs and aspirations assigned to the National Center for Health Services Research and Development which has just recently been created in Washington, D. C. This Center will be supported by grants and contracts, and will endeavor to promote, support, and stimulate a national program of health-services research, development, and demonstrations. More specifically, the National Center for Health Services Research and Development will attempt to make health services available to all people and to assist all health professions in their efforts to improve their ability to assess the quality of their services. It will also investigate the comparative costs of alternative methods of providing and financing health services and experiment with architectural designs, site locations, plans, and new methods of construction. The Center will try to increase the efficiency of health services by developing new methods of training and using personnel. Applying and refining computer technology in screening techniques, automation of medical records, and selected other aspects of medical care process will be included in the program, as well as methods for accelerating the applications of new or improved techniques for the prevention, treatment, and control of diseases and other disabilities. The Center will design and initially operate experimental health-services systems in both urban and rural areas. It will make multi-disciplinary analyses of the organization and functioning of all components of the health-services system and will increase academic resources for training health-services research and for developing personnel. The Center will establish and operate a health-services data system relevant to research and development, planning, policy making, and management. Much of this paper discusses the opportunities which exist in the development of computer technology in the United States in relation to the delivery of health care.

Project managers problems of anomalies and ambiguities in complex missions operation and implementation, discussing interactions with personnel

Construction management concentrates so heavily on increasing production by using better machinery and longer working days that worker morale and motivation are often neglected. Manufacturers have found personnel relations departments to be worthwhile investments. Behavioral psychologists believe that there are two basic behavior patterns. These patterns are influenced by human need for job safety, social acceptance, and self esteem. The degree to which an individual’s needs are satisfied is a significant indicator of his degree of motivation. A significant barrier to effective worker motivation is the strong union tradition in construction, whereas the nonunionization of engineers contributes towards their creativity and capacity for responsibility.

Discusses the results of a survey on the views of executives concerning future trends of personnel management and industrial relations. General trends and forces; Role of executives in decision-mak...

Previously, in referring to civil engineering, I have likened it to a talented symphony orchestra comprising a broad spectrum of specialists in their chosen skills, but too often an orchestra without a conductor! What about this “conductor” for the engineering orchestra? He is not a generalist, but a new specialist engineer-manager to serve in the management capacities that were mentioned earlier in these remarks. This new specialist might be the engineer-planner, whose presence is so sorely needed among the cadres of experts in the many fields of civil engineering. He might also be the “enterprise engineer” referred to by Jay Forrester, or the “social engineer” contemplated by the State University of New York, in a new bachelor degree program that would train a new type of engineer, strong in the behavioral and biological sciences, statistical mathematics, systems modeling, probability theory, and computer systems. He would be the creative original thinker whose specialty would be synthesizing new approaches to society’s long-range problems.

Placement has traditionally been utilized only in very large organizations such as the armed services. However, recent social, economic, and technological changes may make placement methods more de...

This paper reviews how the concept of International Human Resource Management (IHRM) has opened a gateway for Nepalese Human Resource (HR) in global market. When the world has become a global village, our investment in education and knowledge industry as business by preparing graduates with need based courses for the emerging global market will have great advantage for the country, the individual, and it further contributes in international job market. DOI: 10.3126/bodhi.v2i1.2871 Bodhi Vol.2(1) 2008 p.196-204