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The total thickness of the Tertiary Beds in the Bovey Basin has never yet been ascertained, because no boring has yet reached the bottom of the basin in which they lie; and no one has yet attempted to make out a stratigraphical succession from the sections exposed in the numerous clay-pits. Some years ago, however, Messrs. Candy & Co., of the Heathfield Potteries, put down a boring which reached a depth of 526 feet from the surface. Having obtained some particulars concerning the beds traversed by this boring, the Author is able to discuss the succession of the Bovey deposits, so far as they hate been explored. The following is a generalized description of the strata seen in the Heathfield pit, and penetrated by the boring from the bottom of that excavation :— The Author confirms the conclusion arrived at by Pengelly in 1861, with regard to the relative age of the beds exposed in the ‘ old coal-pit’ south-east of Bovey Tracey and those proved in a boring to the east of it. From all the data mentioned, and assuming the actual base of the Tertiary deposits to be not more than 30 feet below the bottom of the Heathfield boring, he estimates the total thickness of the ‘ :Eocene’ beds to be about 613 feet. The Bovey Basin itself is regarded as a tectonic basin or post-Eocene centrocline, and not as a lake-basin; although, during the deposition of the higher part of the series, it may have formed

Having lately paid special attention to the hills and valleys of the Torquay district, I have been struck with the fact that the hills fall into two categories: first, those which rise above the level of a certain inclined plain or plateau; secondly, those which seem to have been carved out of this plateau. In the first category are the Warberry and Lincombe Hills, and the high ground above Kilmorie which bears no special name, but may, for the sake of convenience, be called ‘Kilmorie Hill.’ In the second category are nearly all the other hills within the Torquay watersheds; few of these hills rise much above 300 feet, and many of them are flat-topped, such as Daison Hill and Lummaton Hill. Besides these flat-topped eminences, there are also definite plateaus which cannot be called ‘hills,’ but are obviously portions of one or more ancient plains. As instances of these, I need only mention the Babbacombe Downs, and the smaller tract which is known by the rustic appellation of Daddy-Hole Plain. The plateaus around Torquay, and the problems which they offer to the student of physical geography, did not escape the notice of William Pengelly, who referred to them ill 1864 as ‘terraces of denudation.’ He seems to have regarded them as submarine platforms produced by the planing action of sea-waves at a time ‘not very remote geologically—when the entire district was below the sea-level.’ In 1866 he developed the idea still further in a paper on ‘Lithodomous Perforations... in

The problem of the Teign Valley attracted my attention soon after I came to live in Devonshire ; and I have lost no opportunity of considering it from different points of view, both in the study and in the field. The following pages are the outcome of this consideration, and constitute an attempt to explain the peculiar course which the river takes in passing from its sources on Dartmoor to the sea at Teignmouth. The Teign Valley is, in fact, one of the most remarkable in the British Islands, because it is not a simple transverse valley, nor a longitudinal one between more or less parallel ridges, nor does it take such a course as the general slope or gradient of the country below its sources would suggest. On the contrary, although the earlier part of its course is in accordance with this general gradient, it afterwards takes a curve which leads it to run at right angles to its primary direction, and to traverse a depression which has the aspect of a longitudinal valley. From this it debouches into a plain; and in this plain it again turns at right angles, to pass through a gap which is clearly a transverse valley excavated out of the ridge that borders the seaward side of the longitudinal valley. This gap is now occupied by the estuary of the Teiffn. As might be imagined, a valley which exhibits so curious a succession of changes presents also a variety of physical features, different

I. Introduction During 1901 a boring was made near Lyme Regis in search. of coal, and was carried to the depth of 1300 feet without reaching the base of the Upper Triassic marls. The story of this endeavour to find coal at a place where no geologist would have recommended the attempt, is one which has often been repeated at different places. The undertaking was promoted by a ‘practical man’ who had experience of coal-mining in South Wales, and who had convinced himself that coal was likely to be found at no great depth near Lyme Regis. He obtained permission to bore, and induced a certain number of persons to form a syndicate, for the purpose of making a boring to ascertain the depth at which the expected Coal-Measures were to be found. The results of the boring have a twofold interest: first, to all people in the South-west of England they should be a warning against the folly of expecting to find Coal-Measures at a depth of less than 2000 feet below any part of Western Dorset; secondly, they are of interest to geologists, for the information which is thus afforded as to the great thickness of the Keuper Marls in Devon and Dorset. It was anticipated that coal would be reached at a depth of less than 600 feet, and when this limit was passed without success it was decided to continue the boring to 1200 feet. At this depth it would have been abandoned, had it not

I. Definition and Theories of Origin The peculiar deposit which has been termed ‘Clay-with-Flints’ is well known to most English geologists, as occurring in sheets or patches of various sizes over a large area in the South of England, from Hertfordshire on the north to Sussex on the south, and from Kent on the east to Devon on the west. It almost always lies on the surface of the Upper Chalk, but in Dorset it passes onto the Middle and Lower Chalk, and in Devon it is found on the Chert-Beds of the Selbornian Group. The existence of a red clay full of flints, lying as a soil or deposit on the surface of the Chalk, was well known to geologists in the middle of last century, such as Trimmer, Lyell, and Prestwich; and some appear to have regarded it as a residue derived from the solution and disintegration of the Chalk, but Joshua Trimmer in 1851 maintained that it and the other ‘soils which cover the Chalk of Kent’ were the result of aqueous transport. It was not until 1861 that it was described as a special accumulation or aggregation by Mr. Whitaker, under the name of Clay-with-Flints; and not until 1864 that he ventured to suggest an explanation of its formation. His belief was and still is that ‘the Clay-with-Flints is of many ages, and may be forming even at the present day, and that it is owing in great part to the slow decomposition of the Chalk

Although steroidal monoketones with the carbonyl group in ring B or C are relatively unreactive towards Rhizopus nigricans, 2-, 3-, 16-, and 17-ketones give modest yields of dihydroxy-derivatives. The position of the carbonyl group influences the direction of the hydroxylation process: comparison of the 11,16-dihydroxylation of 3-ketones with the 3,7-dihydroxylation of 17-ketones suggests that a reversal effect is operating.16-Hydroxylation, not previously recorded with this fungus, occurs commonly with the present androstane and estrane derivatives, i.e. steroids lacking side-chains at position 17. Estr-4-en-3-one gives three 16-oxygenated products (total yield 68%), the main one being the 10β,16β-dihydroxy-Δ4-3-ketone.

Renal biopsies from two patients with active lupus nephritis showed Feulgenpositive “fibrinoid” forming glomerular capillary “wire loops.” Electron microscopy demonstrated this material on the endothelial side of basement membrane, within endothelial cell vesicles, and in the capillary lumen. This localization suggests that “wire loop” pathogenesis involves formation in the glomerular capillary lumen of a complex DNA-containing precipitate which undergoes endothelial cell phagocytosis and deposition on the subendothelial side of the basement membrane. Biopsias renal ab duo patientes con active nephritis a lupus monstrava un “fibrinoide” positive a Feulgen que fomava “ansas filari” glomerulo-capillari. Le microscopio electronic demonstrava que iste material esseva al latere endothelial del membrana basilari, intra vesiculas de cellulas endothelial, e in le lumine capillari. Iste localisation suggere que pathogenese a “ansa filari” es associate con le formation, intra le lumine glomerulo-capillari, de un complexe precipitato a contento de acido desoxyribonucleic que suffre phagocytosis per cellulas endothelial e deposition al latere subendothlial del membrana basilari.