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7. Rate and Extent of Inorganic Phosphate Exchange in Lake Sediments

Author

Li, W. C., Armstrong, D. E., Williams, J. D. H., Harris, R. F., and Syers, J. K.

Abstract

The exchangeability of sediment inorganic P was investigated by adding carrier‐free 32P inorganic phosphate to steady‐state lake sediment‐water systems and measuring the rate and extent of 32P incorporation into the sediment phase. The effects of sediment properties (calcareous and noncalcareous), oxygen status, and addition of inorganic P on exchangeability were evaluated. Exchangeable P comprised from 19 to 43% of the total native inorganic P of the sediments investigated. Although inorganic P was released into solution in anaerobic systems due to reduction of iron from the ferric to the ferrous state, the total pool of exchangeable P (sediment phase plus in solution) was not greatly altered. Sorbed added inorganic P (equilibrated 2 weeks) showed approximately the same degree of exchangeability as native inorganic P in noncalcareous sediments but was more exchangeable in calcareous sediments. Exchangeable P exhibited exchange rates which were resolved into three separate first‐order reactions by a graphical procedure. A major portion of exchangeable native sediment P (45 to 87%) participated in the rapid exchange reaction characterized by an exchange rate constant ranging from 7.4 to 46 hours‐1. These results show that a large pool of sediment inorganic P has a high potential for interaction with the overlying lake water and for biological assimilation.

Published
1972
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11. Discussion of “Grinter on Direct Method of Moment Distribution”

Author

Grinter, L. E., primary, Huang, W. H., additional, Spitzer, Felix H., additional, Wessman, Harold E., additional, Popoff, Egor P., additional, Evans, L. T., additional, Salter, G. S., additional, Blog, Leon, additional, Reeves, Austin H., additional, Bednarski, E. J., additional, Howell, John T., additional, Oesterblom, I., additional, Li, W. P., additional, and Eremin, A. A., additional

Published
1937
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12. Untersuchung von Rohstoffen und Mineralien

Author

A. Dietzel, W. Gerlach, W. Rollwagen, and Li. W. Staples

Subjects
Engineering, Polymer science, business.industry, Clinical Biochemistry, General Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry (journal), General Medicine, business, Analytical Chemistry
Published
1937

26. Temporal and spatial analysis of fertility decline in Taiwan.

Author

Li WL

Abstract

Abstract The conventional mode of evaluating the success of family planning programmes has frequently emphasized the activities of the programmes, rather than their ultimate effects. This paper examines the role of family planning programmes in inducing fertility decline in Taiwan. First it presents the secular trends of Taiwanese fertility changes, pointing out that family planning programmes began only after the birth rate had already shown a substantial decline. Secondly, it specifically evaluates the impact of family planning programmes in the Taichung areas, since its success has been widely proclaimed. Finally, it is stipulated that the dynamics of Taiwanese fertility changes may be related to declining infant mortality and accelerating educational development, and that these institutional effects, rather than the family planning programmes, should be credited with changes in fertility.

Published
1973
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28. Actinomycin K; an antibiotic against tumor.

Author

HSU B, LIU MC, LU KH, LI WY, CH'EN JT, WANG TY, CHOU CH, KOO SN, and SHEN LC

Subjects
Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Dactinomycin, Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Experimental
Published
1959

32. Prolonged use of membrane oxygenator to treat pulmonary insufficiency.

Author

Tessler I, Li WI, Siassi B, and Mulder DG

Subjects
Adolescent, Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease complications, Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical, Blood Gas Analysis, Female, Humans, Hypoxia therapy, Membranes, Artificial, Oxygen blood, Respiratory Insufficiency etiology, Extracorporeal Circulation, Respiratory Insufficiency therapy
Published
1972

33. Surgical management in myasthenia gravis.

Author

Mulder DG, Braitman H, Li W, and Herrmann C Jr

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Cholinesterase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myasthenia Gravis drug therapy, Myasthenia Gravis etiology, Myasthenia Gravis mortality, Postoperative Complications, Thymus Neoplasms complications, Tracheotomy, Myasthenia Gravis surgery, Thymectomy
Published
1972

34. Surgery for thymic tumors.

Author

Braitman H, Li W, Herrmann C Jr, and Mulder DG

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myasthenia Gravis complications, Myasthenia Gravis mortality, Neoplasm Metastasis, Postoperative Complications, Thymectomy, Thymoma complications, Thymoma mortality, Thymoma pathology, Thymoma radiotherapy, Thymus Neoplasms complications, Thymus Neoplasms mortality, Thymus Neoplasms pathology, Thymus Neoplasms radiotherapy, Thymoma surgery, Thymus Neoplasms surgery
Published
1971
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40. INVESTIGATION OF ETHAMIVAN DURING ANESTHESIA.

Author

BINDER LS, ELEAZAR RS, and LI WK

Subjects
Humans, Anesthesia, Anesthesia, Endotracheal, Benzamides, Blood Pressure, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Geriatrics, Halothane, Injections, Intravenous, Pharmacology, Preanesthetic Medication, Respiration
Published
1965

44. Linkage disequilibrium in subdivided populations.

Author

Nei M and Li WH

Subjects
Blood Group Antigens, Gene Frequency, Genes, Dominant, Humans, Indians, North American, Mathematics, Meiosis, Recombination, Genetic, Genetic Linkage, Genetics, Population
Abstract

The linkage disequilibrium in a subdivided populaton is shown to be equal to the sum of the average linkage disequilibrium for all subpopulations and the covariance between gene frequencies of the loci concerned. Thus, in a subdivided population the linkage disequilibrium may not be 0 even if the linkage disequilibrium in each subpopulation is 0. If a population is divided into two subpopulations between which migration occurs, the asymptotic rate of approach to linkage equilibrium is equal to either r or 2(m(1) + m(2)) - (m(1) + m(2))(2), whichever is smaller, where r is the recombination value and m(1) and m(2) are the proportions of immigrants in subpopulations 1 and 2, respectively. Thus, if migration rate is high compared with recombination value, the change of linkage disequilibrium in subdivided populations is similar to that of a single random mating population. On the other hand, if migration rate is low, the approach to lnkage equilibrium may be retarded in subdivided populations. If isolated populations begin to exchange genes by migration, linkage disequilibrium may increase temporarily even for neutral loci. If overdominant selection operates and the equilibrium gene frequencies are different in the two subpopulations, a permanent linkage disequilibrium may be produced without epistasis in each subpopulation.

Published
1973
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48. Sodium bicarbonate for correction of metabolic acidosis in open-heart surgery.

Author

Li WK and Holder BS

Subjects
Adult, Anesthesia, General, Blood Gas Analysis, Child, Chlorides blood, Halothane, Humans, Methods, Oxygen, Perfusion, Potassium blood, Preanesthetic Medication, Respiration, Artificial instrumentation, Sodium blood, Thiopental, Acidosis drug therapy, Bicarbonates therapeutic use, Cardiac Surgical Procedures
Published
1969

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