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The histological aspect of allergic epicutaneous tests assumes dramatic importance if it is analyzed in the light of experimental immunological findings. These shows the important function of the activated lymphocyte which secretes chemical amboceptors or lymphokins. These lymphokins are responsible for the disposition of the elements which produce the histological image observed under the photonic or electronic microscope. The vascular permeability factor dilates the capillaries; the chemotactic factor draws the cells of the infiltrate to it; the factor inhibiting macrophage migration prevents the cells leaving the site of the reaction; the mitogenetic factor draws to itself the normal lymphocytes and ensures that some of them are transformed into lymphoblasts; the cytotoxicity of the activated lymphocytes results in changes in the epidermic cell. The presence of the macrophage is essential for the liberation of these chemical amboceptors. © 1973 Expansion Scientifique Française., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published