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Within a short period of time, we observed 6 cases with the appearance of calcium oxalate crystals in the renal tubuli and in the walls of cerebral arterioles. Reviewing the case histories showed that all of these patients had received large doses of xylitol and had shown subsequently disorders of consciousness. A possible deposition of oxalate crystals following high-dose-therapy with xylitol is discussed.

We report a case of primary oxalosis in a 4-year-old boy with intensive deposition of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals in the kidney and the myocardium. In addition severe fibroplastic inflammatory reaction in form of intensive myocarditis was found. It is an extremely rare complication at this age and represents a particularly rare case of oxalosis. Disorders of oxalate metabolism are discussed in relation to extrarenal deposition of oxalate crystals.

Oxalate Lithiasis Urinary lithiasis is a broad subject. There are a number of excellent general papers that are of considerable value for the purpose of orientation in this complex field.82 83 84 8...

Patterns of oxalate metabolism in recurrent oxalate stone formers. The concentration of oxalate in the blood (isotopic procedure), the renal clearance of oxalate, the rate of 14 C-oxalate excretion in the urine and the intestinal absorption of 14 C-oxalate were used as indexes to classify different disturbances of oxalate metabolism in recurrent oxalate stone formers with hyperoxaluria. By comparison with a control group, three major patterns of oxalate metabolism were found. The first group had normal concentrations of blood oxalate, an increased excretion rate of isotopic oxalate and higher oxalate clearance. The second group had higher concentrations of blood oxalate, decreased 14 C-oxalate excretion and normal or decreased oxalate clearance. Finally, in the third group an increased oxalate absorption rate was the main alteration.

PRIMARY hyperoxaluria, a recently described genetic disorder of oxalate metabolism, is characterized clinically by recurrent calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. The disease usuall...