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The quasi-chemical equations in the statistics of "regular" mixtures are deduced by assuming non-interference among local configurations. This method is capable of yielding higher and higher approximations by choosing a larger group of lattice sites as the local configuration under consideration. The comparative accuracy of different approximations can be judged by a simple criterion. Further applications to ferromagnetism and to the order-disorder transition in alloys, and their results are discussed. Equations for ternary mixtures or mixtures of even more components are given. The asymmetry of solubility of one solute in two immiscible solvents and the order effect of ${\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}$Hg${\mathrm{I}}_{4}$ serve as the interesting examples of the ternary case.

A sharp contrast stands between the mood of optimism in 1958 and 1959 when official as well as unofficial reports of industrial progress continued to pour out of Communist China and the silence and complete black-out of statistical information which has characterised the Chinese scene since 1960. If the principal landmarks are retraced, the first major sign of a change in official policy appears to have come in early 1961 when the Chinese Communist Party decided to reverse the policies which had characterised the “leap forward” of 1958–59. This was followed by a drastic policy of retrenchment in investment and reorientation of industrial production during the latter part of 1961 as the economic crisis deepened. Since then the new slogan has been “adjustment, consolidation, reinforcement, and improvement”; the new order of priorities is agriculture, light industry and heavy industry; the new approach is to regard agriculture as the economic base and industry as the “leading factor.”

Introduction: The Cultural Revolution Group in Peking has accused Liu Shao-ch'i of being the "Khrushchev of China," plotting to restore capitalism. This accusation raises a number of different, albeit related, issues which will be explored in the present paper. First, although the "revisionist" conspiracy headed by Liu is supposed to have led a covert, and sometimes not so covert, existence for a long time,1 why had the issue not been raised earlier, before the onslaught of the Cultural Revolution? Did the winter of 1965-1966, when the Cultural Revolution first broke out, possess some special significance in terms of China's economic system and its development? Secondly, if the timing of the campaign against Liu's policies was significant, what would have happened had these policies been allowed to be carried out? Speaking objectively, can one really equate Liu's policies with an effort to restore capitalism? Would they have had such an effect, and if so, would the effect have been intended? In this connection, we do not of course have to take the accusations against Liu at their face value. For it is conceivable that Liu had chosen to pursue certain policies which could be interpreted by doctrinaire ideologues as "revisionist" without in the least intending to subvert Communist rule in China. (Surely, to assume the opposite, as is literally implied in the accusations, borders on the preposterous.) But if this is the case, one must then question the rationale of going beyond a mere accusation of unintentional deviation in ideology on Liu's part. To charge him of unintentional subversion of Chinese Communism requires additional explanations. One suspects that these explanations may shed light on another side of the Cultural Revolution, namely, the political struggle for succession. While a great deal has already been written on the Cultural Revolution, what will happen in the post-GPCR and, sooner or later, the post-Mao period is an issue on which there still is room for speculation. What constitutes the best economic institutions and policies for China at this stage of her development looms large in the ideological "rectification" which the Cultural Revolution attempts to perpetrate. Economics, however, is not simply a topic on which serious differences in attitude and policy are registered. As we shall see, there are reasons to believe that eco

Yang's general quasi‐chemical theory of superstructure is further generalized in terms of the atomic distribution on sublattices of any number and of any geometrical arrangement. The possibility of the formation of different types of long‐distance order due to the different recombinations of sublattices is discussed. By making use of this theory the behavior of the general Cu–Au system at very low temperatures and its phase diagram are shown. The critical temperature, latent heat, curve of long‐distance order and energy vs. temperature for the CuAu tetragonal crystal are obtained. Our results are found to be quite different from those of Shockley's theory. All the experimental findings that are available to the author have been used for comparison with our results; so far no qualitative disagreement can be shown.

The paper intends to show the genetic relation between the ore deposits and the granite intrusive of southeastern Maine. The deposits are ores of copper, zinc, lead, and a little silver, occurring mostly in the so-called Ellsworth schist, and some in the diorite and Silurian rocks. Nearly all of them occur from ¼ to 2 miles from the contact with the granite. A rude zonal arrangement of the deposits around the granite is noticed. Their genetic relation is further confirmed by the paragenesis of ore minerals. The sequence is apparently as follows: magnetite, arsenopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, and galena. This sequence holds true in general in spite of the fact that the mines are scattered over more than 100 miles. The influence of the granite intrusion upon the surrounding rocks is studied in some detail. Particular emphasis is put on the petrographic description of the thermal metamorphism imposed on the schist. A short description is given for each mine and prospect.

ENORMOUS changes in Asia, and the world at large, were initiated as a result of two major US policy decisions during the first Nixon Administration (1969-73): (1) winding down the US involvement in Vietnam through the gradual withdrawal of American forces from Indochina without seeking an assured outcome that was indisputably favorable to South Vietnam or to the other Indochina states and the United States; (2) abandonment of longstanding China policy, under which the Republic of China-holding sway over Taiwan, the Pescadores, and some offshore islands-was treated as the only China, in favor of developing a new set of relations with both the Communistcontrolled People's Republic of China and the Nationalist Republic of China on Taiwan. The two sets of events have certain common characteristics. Both

High construction pore pressures developed in two of the three dams built with the same type of residual soil under similar conditions. The development of pore pressure is due to the combined effect of many factors—moisture content, soil gradation, degree of compaction, rate of construction, and drainage features in a dam. In a fill of the residual soil studied which has high natural moisture content, over-compaction may induce high pore pressure; if the soil contains less than 30% minus 200-sieve sizes, its fill is not likely to develop high pore pressure; the drainage system in the fill would not be effective in reducing pore pressure if the rate of construction is high. The development of temporarily high construction pore pressure in an earth dam presents a major problem in design from the view points of safety and economy which may often require unconventional method of solution.