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Four experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that aggressive disposition and/or past reinforcement for aggressive responses disrupts performance in stressful situations which require new learning. Four different human subject populations were used: pre-school children, college males, college football players, and teenage ghetto gang members. Several measures of aggressiveness were obtained and evaluated, and various performance tasks were tried. No strong evidence was obtained to support the original hypothesis. However, measures of 'internal-external control expectancies' were found to correlate significantly with performance and, therefore, may be useful for predicting individuals' future performance in stressful situations.

The paper presents an approach to human aggression concerned with environmental stimuli. Recent research in the area of aggression and an analysis of aversive and reinforcing stimuli are presented. The paper concludes by suggesting some possible generalizations from the research findings on aggression to present cultural problems and the control of aggression.

By manipulating only the reinforcement contingency, it was possible to examine the emergent social properties of the behavior of college males performing on a discrimination task. All subjects were given the opportunity for aggression while they performed individually (nonsocially) and competitively (socially) in pairs. Social and nonsocial conditions, and the dependent measures of each, were compared. The effects of being the target of competitor aggression were examined by employing an experimental confederate as the competitor.

This volume contains the contributions to a conference under the contract research project entitled: 'Self-control under Conditions of Stress.' The studies at this conference concerned the aspects of stress which men seek as desirable, challenging, exciting, and stimulating. Such questions as the following are considered: What types of men and what societies are apt to seek stress. And under water conditions do they do so. What has society done to promote and control stress-seeking. When is stress-seeking aggressive and when is it creative. These are some of the questions dealt with by the contributors who are psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists and literary professionals.

The document comments on possible international results of a wave of student aggressiveness on a world-wide scale.

A large number of psychoactive drugs were tested on the aggressiveness induced by isolation; till now only ampizine, chlordiazepoxide and its derivatives have shown a certain degree of effectiveness. In aggressive animals the level of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid was found to be consistently lower than in the controls while the turnover rates of serotonin and noradrenalin were found to increase. However, brain serotonin turnover could not be used to predict whether a strain of mice would or would not develop aggressiveness upon isolation. In addition in female mice, which consistently do not become aggressive after isolation, serotonin turnover rates were found to be higher than the turnover rates of the males of the same strain which do develop isolation aggressiveness. (Author)

A preliminary report is given covering work accomplished through the second year of a program designed to correlate physiological measures (adreno cortico steroid hormone excretion levels) with behavioral measures of stress. Social groups of rhesus monkeys have been established in large outdoor compouns with provision for undisturbed observation and capture as required. One group is essentially a breeding group whereas the second is an experimental group of thirty-four adult males. Status hierarchy information was collected following group formation and a complete profile of social and related activities, was generated for each individual. Urine and blood samples were collected and endocrinological measures are correlated against behavioral measures. (Author), See also Annual report dated 18 Apr 69, AD-688 719.

The hypothesis that aggressive experiences reduce frustration as expressed by physiological (systolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and galvanic skin response) and psychological (anxiety) arousal was investigated by assessing differences in arousal achieved by the subject counteraggressing alone or through aggressive responses expressed with another person. Counter-aggression occurred through overt (apparent electric shock) and covert (abated) means and in the presence of a high status or low status instigator. (Author)

The effects of exposure to various climatic conditions were analyzed to determine whether these conditions could produce aggression or facilitate shock-elicited agression. Paired rats and single monkeys were used as subjects. The effects of independent and simultaneous changes in temperature and relative humidity were investigated in an attempt to produce agression. Temperature, relative humidity, and length of exposure to climatic conditions were varied to determine if these conditons would facilitate shock-elicited aggression. (Author)

Most research in the area of aggression has been concerned with the stimuli or environmental conditions that produce or maintain aggression. Although antecedent variables that are related to the occurrence of aggression are valuable in a preventive sense, perhaps of more practical concern is the identification of those variables which can suppress or control on-going aggression. The investigation shows that shock-induced aggression can be suppressed to a near zero level when each shock-induced aggressive response (measured in hose-biting responses) is followed with additional shock. (Author)

Research has shown that the escape and avoidance behavior of a single animal is disrupted by the introduction of a second animal. To a great extent, the operant behavior is replaced with fighting between the animals. The investigation shows that animals given the proper training, and required to engage in a 'cooperative' escape response, will maintain their individual escape behavior when paired, although the disruptive effects of the second animal are not totally eliminated. The study has definite implications for the control of aggression by operantly conditioning alternative behavior. (Author), Prepared in cooperation with Indiana Univ., Bloomington.

Basil Wilson Duke, a Confederate officer during the American Civil War, commends Theodore Roosevelt on his biography of Thomas Hart Benton.

Recording of officer election for the Young Democratic Club of Mississippi. In this recording, the Chairman of the Young Democratic Club leads a meeting to elect new officers to the organization. Meeting attendees offer nominations, vote, and express their approval or disapproval via cheering, booing, clapping, and other vocalizations.

Recording of officer election for the Young Democratic Club of Mississippi. In this recording, the Chairman of the Young Democratic Club leads a meeting to elect new officers to the organization. Meeting attendees offer nominations, vote, and express their approval or disapproval via cheering, booing, clapping, and other vocalizations.

Recording of officer election for the Young Democratic Club of Mississippi. In this recording, the Chairman of the Young Democratic Club leads a meeting to elect new officers to the organization. Meeting attendees offer nominations, vote, and express their approval or disapproval via cheering, booing, clapping, and other vocalizations.

Cover : Geometric borders, made of flowers. In dark brown ink on a light brown background., Lyrics in the original German, also translated into English., Title from cover.; Reissued from Lauterbach & Kuhn plates., 1 low voice, 1 piano, This archival material has been provided for educational purposes. Ball State University Libraries recognizes that some historic items may include offensive content. Our statement regarding objectionable content is available at: https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/about