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Recent real-time networking developments have enabled ultra reliability, very low latency and high data rates in wired networks. Wireless networking developments have also shown that they can achieve very high data rates with consistency, but they still lack in providing ultra reliability and extremely low latency. Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) developments have brought these capabilities in Industry automation and Automotive industry too. Although TSN is standardized for wired networks for a long time, for wireless networks it will be standardized within the IEEE 802.11be standard for Wi-Fi and 3GPP Release 17 for 5G in the near future. This paper provides an overview of TSN in wired and wireless networks with the aim of comparing different simulators and presenting their offered functionality and shortcomings. These tools can be used to make oneself familiar with TSN algorithms, standards, and for the development and testing of time sensitive networks. Afterwards, the paper discusses open research questions for using TSN over wireless networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional automobiles utilize fossil fuels to ensure good performance and long reach. Here the major issue is the exhaustion of fossil fuels resources on the Earth, and the issue of atmospheric pollution due to motor vehicles, this motivates to look for replacement energy to propel the vehicle. One of the effective ways to propel the vehicles is by introducing the electric motor and battery to run the electric motor. An extensive database of passenger electric vehicles compiled by IDTechEx is further used to determine trends in battery packs and cell energy density, energy capacity, cell geometry, cell chemistry size, thermal management strategy, engine technology and power output, resulting in a comprehensive set of in-kind claims and market value projections. IDTechEx predicts more than 28 materials used in the construction of electric vehicle powertrains, each with varying market shares. Several material markets are seeing a rapid increase in demand after a small decline in 2020 due to the impact of COVID-19 on the automotive market. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the effective use of computer modelling and simulation software used in contemporary manufacturing industry at preliminary stage for evaluation of vehicle performance requirements about the design and techniques utilized. While most of the papers demonstrate the Electric vehicle simulation for four-wheelers, the two wheelers are not thoroughly researched for Indian market, this paper covers the primary parameters of two-wheeler electric vehicle simulation that uses the basic blocks from Simulink, Simscape, and electrical blocks available in the MATLAB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the design and making of the Progressive Blanking Tool or Shearing Die attachment for UTM are discussed. Press tool manufacturing plays an important role in the automobile industry and in our daily usage. Certainly, sheet metal manufacturing is an interesting work of art. The component manufactured using this process is a bit of critical work because of the accuracy requirement, and that's why it's interesting. A medal is part of many institutes, universities, schools, companies, and many more. This progressive blanking tool has an output that gives a medal, which can be used for awarding purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, automatic car is a very popular topic. The successive and safe steering of automatic car required high abilities in sensor system in order to detect emergencies immediately. However, it's impossible for one kind of radar filling up all the needs in different working environments. As a result, most of the automatic car companies decide to apply several types of radar sensor which can fit in all situations that contains strong light, noise, sudden movement and so on. The whole radar system mainly consists of laser radar, camera, ultrasonic radar and so on. This discussion will cover the laser radar, one of the most essential components in an autonomous vehicle. The paper will specifically focus on two primary principles used in laser radar for distance measurement: FMCW technology and TOF technology. And the advantages and disadvantages will be explained in more readable ways. Besides, an experiment of a well-designed TOF system will be introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the recent years, Telsa's autopilot, Mercedes Benz's autonomous vehicle Bertha, Intelligent Pioneer II of self-driving vehicles developed by Hefei Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Baidu's self driving vehicle and so on have become a sensation currently. With the advent of copious automated vehicles from automobile manufactures, automated driving systems (ADSs), which are able to provide people with convinient and safe travelling experience, have become sensations in this age. This paper mainly details the history and core componets of automated vehicles and discusses the propects of ADSs. Studies on development of ADSs, taxonomy of driving automation, sensing and perception technologies including sensors, localization and mapping, decision-making and path planning, and control systems were extensively analyzed. Moreover, the challenges confronted by current ADSs and prospects with several envisaged scenarios were presented. In the future, autonomous vehicles will continue to provide innovative solutions for road safety, traffic efficiency, and modes of travel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the manufacturing sector is witnessing a radical evolution and growth in product development. Most industries attempt to determine how this technological advancement can be applied with innovative manufacturing techniques. The automotive and aerospace industry undoubtedly will benefit from using something as advantageous and within reach as additive manufacturing (AM). Given the stringent regulations, manufacturing automobile and aircraft components is often complicated, expensive, and time-consuming. Additive manufacturing has advanced such that complex parts can be manufactured on digital data and are produced directly without any complicated tools or machines, which thus helps in saving manufacturing time and resources by producing solid and efficient parts & components economically. This paper discusses the state-of-the-art use of additive manufacturing in automobile and aircraft industries for a sustainable future. The review describes the upsides of employing additive manufacturing in their respective industries, the current state-of-the-art materials in production, and relative AM technology, outlining their challenges and future potentials in the automobile and aerospace world. words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automotive industry is striving for better efficiency from the vehicle whether it is in terms of design or in engine performance. This research paper reports about the similar attempt on better aerodynamic design. A spherical diffuser is designed for passenger automobile for better efficiency and one that does not have to compromise with space. Design complication of vehicle and diffuser is also discussed. The design model has been made on SolidWorks and tested on CFD (Ansys Fluent) at free stream velocity of 40 m/s with moving ground, initially the test was performed on Ahmed body after that on 1/3 Hatchback model. In both the cases drag and lift reduction is achieved. On Ahmed body 29.9% drag and 103.43% lift reduction is achieved. Research's whole motive is to reduce drag and lift without any additional requirement of space on an Automobile body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autonomous robotics and vehicles have a wide range of uses in self-driving cars as automation and electrification progress. Everywhere self-driving vehicles are trending in the automobile industry. Autopilot vehicles are changing innovation in the automobile industry with the best technologies. An important part of autopilot vehicles is the navigation system. While making or using autopilot vehicles, safety is the most important criterion for everyone. Finding the lanes and the curves is crucial for self-driving cars to function properly. The car can be driven more safely with the use of lane and curve detection. In this paper, we introduced a novel preprocessing method openCV. In preprocessing stage, the HUV color transform is employed to extract the white features and add preliminary edge feature detection. Then, the ROI is selected using the proposed preprocessing technique. This new preprocessing method is used to detect the lane. The performance of proposed method is evaluated using the standard KITTI road database. The results obtained are superior to the existing preprocessing and ROI selection techniques. The proposed model finds the road's perfect boundaries to monitor it as a lane occurs in real-time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to survive in the market, every company must prioritize the establishment of long-term, stable relationships with its customers. This is an important aspect in business development, as it is the customers who provide valuable feedback on the quality of the services received and indicate the direction in which the company is going. The present paper strives to address the need for maintaining this feedback loop by offering an empirical study that articulates the key aspects of customer service. The results of the research shed light on the customer sentiments, which helps the managers at the different management levels of the company to make informed decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issues of global warming, environmental pollution, and energy crisis have threatened the existence of the gasoline engine which has been leading the automotive sector since its invention and provided a great opportunity to invent electric-powered vehicles. However, Electric-powered vehicles using lithium-ion cells, under different environmental, conditions will need an adequate and efficient battery thermal management system to ensure its effective operation like operation limits, performance, preventing thermal runaway, short-circuit, and longer life span. Other advanced features like fast charging of cells to shorten the charging time can lead to rapid heat-generation in the battery pack. Therefore, an appropriate and effective arrangements of cells play an important role in designing a more efficient and effective cooling system for the designed li-ion cluster pack used in electric vehicles. This paper performs a steady-state thermal analysis on different arrangements of cylindrical cells prepared in 6by6, 9by4, zig-zag arrangements, 18650 Lithium-Ion battery cells with a base diameter of 18 mm and a total height of 65 mm are arranged in a battery pack. The objective of this study is to explore the factor influencing the performance of a liquid cooling BTMS and based on this compare all designs to find the best model which is more suitable for heat dissipation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]