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the issue of rising electricity demand in the building sector is one of the major challenges. Therefore, the Building Management System (BMS) inside the building. Since the PV, national grid, and diesel generators supplies building electrical power, so the Energy Management System (EMS) technologies are necessary to study the priority of PV to supply building power to save energy. This paper proposes a Smart Building Management System (SBMS) used with Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) in addition lighting systems. HVAC is controlled with occupancy sensors, temperature control, and load control. Lighting systems are controlled through occupancy sensors and daylight sensors to make them operate to minimize electricity consumption. Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) control of the EMS in this work, SBMS and EMS are created and simulated using two case studies to supply public buildings. The first situation is SBMS without EMS and the second situation is SBMS with EMS. Finally, the results showed the impact of SBMS on the reduction of energy consumption for HVAC systems and lighting (20% on summer day and 11% on winter day), as the energy consumption was reduced for both HVAC and lighting by about (54% on a summer day and 44% on a winter day) because we added the scenario of case two to the one scenario case in a public building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of green building is believed to be a key factor in achieving sustainable development in the building sector. The Green Building Council Indonesia is responsible for the development and deployment of green buildings in Indonesia, and has released version 1.2 of the Greenship rating tools for evaluating new green buildings. The use of renewable energy sources in green buildings is highly encouraged, with one point awarded for every 0.5% of energy usage covered by renewable energy, up to a maximum of five points. The installation of rooftop PV systems is a popular choice for renewable energy in many governmental green-rated buildings, but it is important to determine the ideal capacity to prevent overpriced installation costs. This paper proposes a method where the focus is on gaining maximum points in renewable energy and minimizing investment costs, rather than maximizing installed capacity. This approach can reduce capacity by up to 68%. Another important consideration is choosing the optimum grid connectivity type, and the paper discusses the options of on-grid or zero export schemes. Zero export scheme is chosen for this case since the capacity of the PV system is much smaller than the grid power connection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smartflower (sunflower) is a compact energy generating system, it consists of a base structure, that houses a foldable array of solar cells that are deployed upon use and is able to track the movement of the sun along the hemisphere. The smart sunflower system's panels differ significantly from the traditional PV panels. In this paper, the thermal behavior analysis of the smart sunflower solar PV panels system is proposed using ANSYS-2020 R2 steady-state thermal analysis. This analysis was applied for the computation of the PV panel temperature distribution which was subjected to various atmospheric conditions. Existing formulations in the available literature are taken into account and, are based on NOCT conditions for several wind speeds and solar irradiance. The performance of the PV sunflower panel is compared with the usual solar panels at the same rated power. The proposed analysis is also used to consider the effect of panel shape and the role of thermal inertia in the performance of the PV panels. Results showed that the sunflower thermal performance is improved in comparison with the usual panels for the same rated power and ambient conditions due to improvement in the thermal characteristics of the sunflower panel such as heat convection coefficient. This study of the sunflower performance stimulates to direct the design to the manufacturing processes and experimentally test the sunflower performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, solar power represents one of the most stable and important renewable energy resources in our life, its importance increases every second because the planet will be run out of fossil fuel in the near future, but sometime uncertain fluctuations appear duo to rain, dust, clouds, and heat which prompts the issue of power supply interference. So that, in the traditional way, the solar panels have to be check from time to another to figure out if they still work correctly, and that could make either the maintenance cost will be high, or there will be loss in the performance, that could be obvious in a solar system of large number of panels. As a result a better way to check the solar cells is needed to make the performance better, especially in case of a large number of solar panels. In this paper, a study will be made about solar system consists of an array of solar panels and photovoltaic parameter in each of them. The main purpose is building a system which works on fault detection. This study depends on Smart Monitoring Device (SMD) sensors, which connected to each PV panel. These sensors collect the measurements periodically, and send them to an IoT central server, in order to detect the faults to correct them as soon as possible and improve the efficiency of solar panels. The results showed that the AC voltage from the applying the system of Solar Voltage 1when the fault occurs as the maximum is 30.62 V and average is 17.9 V while the Solar Voltage 2 as max is 31.05 V, and average is 18.15 V. The AC power consumed per unit time (0.1 seconds is 20.573 W to 0.8 seconds is 20.592 W. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate the wind flow in a building that has been built and equipped with a Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. With the number of COVID-19 cases still increasing every day, society and the environment must adapt to conditions that require high awareness of everyone's health. Based on previous research, it is proven that the possibility of airborne dispersal is higher in a full room, such as a classroom. One of the important health protocols is to emphasize good ventilation so that indoor air circulation can run perfectly. The notion of the passive design itself refers to the architectural design strategies used by designers to develop designs based on environmental conditions. The concept used to achieve passive design is to increase the comfort of building users. Observations were made on the 5th floor of the i-CELL building, an integrated engineering laboratory building in Universitas Indonesia, as a typical floor sample in a building to obtain data on the existing state of the building. Observations were made by measuring existing data and then simulating the recommendations for passive cooling optimization as a design intervention. As a result of this study, the recommendation to use sun shading to direct the wind into the building could potentially cause an increase of indoor airflow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of solar photovoltaic panel for generating power to contribute the power demand is presented in this paper. The system is installed at the rooftop of Islamic Senior High School Daarul Echsan Muhammadiyah Sragen (Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyah DIMSA). The purpose of this project is beside to contribute the power demand of the school, is also to be the learning tool for the students to understand how the power may be generated using the extensively available resources for free. The power so far used in the school is from the government electric utility company. The installed capacity is 23 kVA three-phase system. The photovoltaic panels placed on the roof is 8 x 545 Wp. The output of the panels is connected to 15 kW inverter and the output of the inverter is synchronized with the electricity grid. The produced energy is expected to contribute the electricity demand of the school. A number of measurements have been carried out relating the input parameter and the output voltage of the panels. This relation is essential for detail planning of development and operation of the generating system. The developed system is expected to sustainably operate for years therefore becoming a role model of fulfillment of energy demand in such way that is economical and environmentally friendly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]