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We report the development of a proton conducting polymer electrolyte using Polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) and Cellulose acetate propionate (CAP). A blend polymer membrane is made with PVDF-HFP and CAP with the ratio 50:50. By adding different weight ratio of ammonium thiocyanate (ATC) to the blend polymer, a proton conducting polymer electrolyte was prepared. Dielectric study and temperature dependence ionic conductivity study are done by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Ionic conductivity is found to increase with the increase in the dopant concentration. A proton battery is constructed and its performance is studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE) has been made by the solution casting method. SPE consists of PVA as host polymer mixed with chitosan (CS) biopolymer, NaClO4 as salt, and SiO2 synthesized from bagasse ash as a filler to increasethe ionic conductivity of the electrolyte system. Using chitosan biopolymer and SiO2 filler from bagasse ash to obtain environmentally friendly SPE, reduce waste problems, and lower production costs. The use of NaClO4 salt as a source of sodium ions and the addition of fillers is done so that the crystallinity of the polymer is reduced and high ionic conductivityis obtained. In this study, a thin SPE film was produced that was not easily torn. XRD test results showed a decreased crystallinity after the addition of NaClO4 salt and SiO2 filler. The FTIR spectra showed that NaClO4 binds to the polymer and SiO2 acts as a filler only. From the characterization results, it was concluded that the addition of NaClO4 and SiO2 salts as fillers could increase the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte system. The maximum ionic conductivity of 3.00×10−4 S cm-1 at room temperature is obtained from the ratio of PVA:CS:NaClO4 (3:2:4) and 5% SiO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addition of energy demand especially of the quick progression of adaptable and reduced contraptions, from mobile phones to electric vehicles, demands more unassuming and lighter energy-storing devices with yet higher energy densities and power yields. Conventional liquid electrolytes have the drawback of spilling and evaporating water, which does not meet the application needs of versatile zinc-air batteries (ZABs). Researchers have been working to make common soluble electrolytes the selective electrolytes. For example, Tetra-PEG prepolymers, PANa-Fe3+, Wet-PAAS-g-PVDF, α,ω-dialkyne PEG10K and azido-functionalized α-cyclodextrin. At this point, the schematic of the hydrogel electrolyte has its own characteristics such as Solvent replacement, Crosslinking method, Phase-alteration method, 'One-pot method'. Hydrogel polimers have made great strides in the field of versatile ZABs functional development, and bring hydrogel polymer electrolytes are becoming more excellent. On this work, the justification for this paper is to investigate the approach to acting of ionic conductivity in dissolvable gel-plans, which advances in pieces of zinc-air batteries execution. The technique for examination of different upsides of ionic conductivity in the hydrogel polymer electrolyte utilized for the zinc-air battery utilizes the SWOT investigation strategy. Including the development of moldable ZABs from the point of view of the hydrogel and the electrode such us adding organic/inorganic elements or ionic liquids to PVA, or moldable Zn electrodeposition on carbon cloth, or moldable air cathodes use a variety of substrates (carbon cloth, nickel foam, or stainless-steel mesh). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A solid polymer electrolyte system has been developed using biodegradable materials, namely poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan as polymer host. Deionized water and dilute acetic acid solution were used as green solvents. Solution casting technique was employed to fabricate free-standing membranes. The polymer host was activated by involving lithium bis (oxalato) borate (LiBOB) electrolyte salt in the polymer complex. Ionic conductivity was calculated by means of impedance measurement using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Addition of LiBOB salt improved ionic conductivity of the solid polymer electrolyte by an order of magnitude. To further enhance the performance, glycerol was added as plasticizer in the PVA-chitosan-LiBOB solid polymer electrolyte system. As a result, ionic conductivity was increasing from 6.45×10−7 S/cm for pristine PVA film to 1.74×10−5 S/cm for plasticized solid polymer electrolyte membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE) was developed to replace the liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries which has a function as a medium for ion transport. SPE is the result of the synthesis of Cellulose Acetate (CA), Lithium Bis (Oxalate (LIBOB), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and ionic liquid (IL). This study examined the impact of boosting the IL concentration during the production of SPE. Variations in IL 0, 10, and 30%. The membranes were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), to study the crystallinity, pore morphology, and conductivity, respectively. According to the results of the XRD study, the increase of IL concentration reduced the size of the crystal grains, the smallest grain size on the membrane with the addition of 30% IL was 876,3 Å and the smallest degree of crystallinity. The results of SEM analysis showed that the pore morphology was abundant on the 30% CA/LIBOB/DMF/IL SPE membrane and spread evenly. The results of EIS analysis showed that the SPE CA/LIBOB/DMF membrane with the addition of 30% IL concentration had the highest conductivity of 2.67 x 10−4 S/cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and Polystyrene (PS) blend nanofiber electrolyte membrane was prepared by using the electrospinning method. In which the ratio of PMMA and PS is different. As the produced electrospun nanofibers, the polymer electrolyte membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy for morphology, FTIR for miscibility, XRD, DSC and TGA for crystallinity and thermal properties. The blended nanofibrous membrane of PVdF/PMMA/PS showed higher electrolyte uptake, higher porosity, and higher ionic conductivity when compared to pure PVdF. The ionic conductivity of the polymer blend electrolyte membrane is 2.50x10−2 S cm-1. Charge-discharge curves of the first cycle of mixing the polymer electrolyte with PVdF: PMMA: PS (80:15:05) at room temperature using the cell above gave an initial discharge capacity of 163 mAhg−1. The PVdF: PMMA: PS (80:15:05) mixed polymer electrolyte membrane maintained a discharge capacity of 160mAhg-1 after 50 cycles. This indicates good retention of discharge capacity even after 50 cycles. PVdF/PMMA/PS blended nanofiber polymer electrolyte membranes have proven to be good separators for lithium-ion battery applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]