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In this paper, we study the pseudo almost periodic solutions for a class of nonlinear Duffing equations with S p -pseudo almost periodic coefficients and delays on time scales. For this purpose, we establish a result of the existence and uniqueness of pseudo almost periodic solution for an abstract linear equation with S p -almost periodic coefficients and S p -pseudo almost periodic forcing term. Meanwhile, to deal with the delay, we extend some concepts of functions from T → R to T → Π , where T is a time scale with translation set Π , and give some basic properties for these concepts. Then, applying these results, we obtain some results on the existence and uniqueness of pseudo almost periodic solutions for the Duffing equation. Moreover, some examples are given to illustrate our main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) has been widely used to treat various human diseases as an important delivery vector for gene therapy due to its low immunogenicity and safety. AAV capsids proteins are comprised of three capsid viral proteins (VP; VP1, VP2, VP3). The capsid proteins play a key role in viral vector infectivity and transduction efficiency. To ensure the safety and efficacy of AAV gene therapy products, the quality of AAV vector capsid proteins during development and production should be carefully monitored and controlled. Microflow liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry provides superior sensitivity and fast analysis capability. It showed significant advantages in the analysis of low- concentration and large numbers of AAV samples. The intact mass of capsid protein can be accurately determined using high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS). And MS also provides highly confident confirmation of sequence coverage and post-translational modifications site identification and quantitation. In this study, we used microflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) for the characterization of AAV2 capsid protein. we obtained nearly 100% sequence coverage of low-concentration AAV2 capsid protein (8 × 1011 GC/mL). More than 30 post-translational modifications (PTMs) sites were identified, the PTMs types included deamidation, oxidation and acetylation. From this study, the proposed microflow LC–MS/MS method provides a sensitive and high throughput approach in the characterization of AAVs and other biological products with low abundance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Danxia geoheritage has emerged as a compelling subject of study, while the Tethys-Himalayan tectonic domain continues to captivate scholarly attention. However, a noteworthy gap exists in the literature concerning the intricate relationship between Danxia formation and the evolution of regional tectonics. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis involving structure interpretation and terrain assessment, utilizing Landsat8 imagery and ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model. Additionally, field investigations were carried out on 35 Danxia landforms in the southern Sichuan Basin. Our findings revealed four distinct types of Danxia heritages—cliff (32 sites), peak (7 sites), cave (5 sites), and valley (6 sites)—with a predominant presence on slopes exceeding 40°. Moreover, valley-type sites exhibited a propensity for development at altitudes surpassing 400 m. The observed formations were intricately linked to Late Jurassic to Cretaceous red beds, influenced by the synergistic effects of the southward thrusting of the Qinling Orogen and the northwestward expansion of the Jiangnan Orogen. The control exerted by Cenozoic faults, folds, and joints—resulting from the eastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau and the southeastward extrusion of the Chuandian terrane—further shaped these Danxia landscapes. Notably, the eastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau induced the Cenozoic uplift of the southern Sichuan Basin, initiating a rapid denudation process of red beds crucial to the formation of Danxia landforms. Consequently, the Tethys-Himalayan tectonic evolution not only provided the material and structural foundations for these formations but also exerted a profound influence on their development in the southern Sichuan Basin. This study significantly contributes to our enhanced understanding of the spatial distribution of Danxia landforms in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacteria have evolved various response systems to adapt to environmental stress. A protease-based derepression mechanism in response to DNA damage was characterized in Deinococcus, which is controlled by the specific cleavage of repressor DdrO by metallopeptidase PprI (also called IrrE). Despite the efforts to document the biochemical, physiological, and downstream regulation of PprI-DdrO, the upstream regulatory signal activating this system remains unclear. Here, we show that single-stranded DNA physically interacts with PprI protease, which enhances the PprI-DdrO interactions as well as the DdrO cleavage in a length-dependent manner both in vivo and in vitro. Structures of PprI, in its apo and complexed forms with single-stranded DNA, reveal two DNA-binding interfaces shaping the cleavage site. Moreover, we show that the dynamic monomer-dimer equilibrium of PprI is also important for its cleavage activity. Our data provide evidence that single-stranded DNA could serve as the signal for DNA damage sensing in the metalloprotease/ repressor system in bacteria. These results also shed light on the survival and acquired drug resistance of certain bacteria under antimicrobial stress through a SOS-independent pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu-Co/X-MMT (X = Na, SiO2) catalysts were prepared via impregnation method using Na-MMT and SiO2-MMT (montmorillonite pillared by SiO2) as the support and copper nitrate and cobalt nitrate as precursors. In addition, the citric acid was introduced during the preparation of Cu-Co/SiO2-MMT to obtain Cu-Co/SiO2-MMT-Ac catalyst. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, H2-TPR, XPS and N2 adsorption–desorption at low temperature. The results showed that the acidity and specific surface area of SiO2-MMT were larger than those of Na-MMT, thus resulting in dimethyl ether (DME) conversion and H2 yield of Cu-Co/SiO2-MMT higher than those of Cu-Co/Na-MMT during steam reforming of DME (SRD). However, for Cu-Co/SiO2-MMT, there was a large amount of methanol in the carbon-containing product due to the large particle size of Cu. The Cu particle size of Cu-Co/SiO2-MMT-Ac was decreased significantly due to the introduction of citric acid, thus accelerating the steam reforming of methanol reaction and enabling the timely conversion of the intermediate product methanol of SRD, resulting in the increasing DME conversion and H2 yield. Therefore, Cu-Co/SiO2-MMT-Ac was expected to be a potential catalyst for SRD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the safety and feasibility of using a novel purpose-built single-port robotic system (the SHURUI Robotic Surgical System) with deformable surgical instruments to perform retroperitoneal single-port partial nephrectomy. Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted to recruit patients with a single renal tumor no more than 4 cm. Robot-assisted single-port partial nephrectomy was performed by using the novel purpose-built single-port robotic system with deformable surgical instruments. Patients' demographics, tumor characteristics, and perioperative parameters were recorded and analyzed. Results: Sixteen patients were recruited to the study. The median tumor size was 2.0 cm (IQR: 1.2-2.4 cm). The median R.E.N.A.L score was 6 (IQR: 4-4.5). In 3 cases, pure single-port surgery was carried out, and all the assistance was through the robotic port. Median docking time was 15.5 min (IQR: 14.25-22.25 min). Median operating time was 148.5 min (IQR: 178-238.5 min). Median console time was 107 min (IQR: 92.75-149.75 min). Median warm ischemic time was 26.5 min (IQR: 24.5-30 min). Median blood loss was 17.5 ml (IQR: 10-50 ml). Conclusions: Retroperitoneal partial nephrectomy can be safely performed with this novel purpose-built single-port robotic system (SHURUI) with deformable surgical instruments. Further studies are needed to fully evaluate the role of this new platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Organic compounds represent an appealing group of electrode materials for rechargeable batteries due to their merits of biomass, sustainability, environmental friendliness, and processability. Disodium terephthalate (Na2C8H4O4, Na2TP), an organic salt with a theoretical capacity of 255 mAh·g−1, is electroactive towards both lithium and sodium. However, its electrochemical energy storage (EES) process has not been directly observed via in situ characterization techniques and the underlying mechanisms are still under debate. Herein, in situ Raman spectroscopy was employed to track the de/lithiation and de/sodiation processes of Na2TP. The appearance and then disappearance of the −COOLi Raman band at 1625 cm−1 during the de/lithiation, and the increase and then decrease of the −COONa Raman band at 1615 cm−1 during the de/sodiation processes of Na2TP elucidate the one-step with the 2Li+ or 2Na+ transfer mechanism. We also found that the inferior cycling stability of Na2TP as an anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) than lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) could be due to the larger ion radium of Na+ than Li+, which results in larger steric resistance and polarization during EES. The Na2TP, therefore, shows greater changes in spectra during de/sodiation than de/lithiation. We expect that our findings could provide a reference for the rational design of organic compounds for EES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Motor tic, Obsessions and Compulsions, Vocal tic Evaluation Survey (MOVES) is a widely used screening tool for Tourette syndrome (TS) and associated comorbidities. This study evaluated its applicability for children in China using 7,125 participants from the National Center for Children’s Health (Beijing). Psychometric evaluations included exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, yielding a 16-item, four-factor model that explained 55.11% of the variance and demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.88) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.86). The scale showed strong convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity and was significantly correlated with other established TS scales. The results affirm the reliability and validity of the MOVES for screening TS in Asian contexts, addressing a crucial gap in the region’s TS assessment tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]