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MicroIC enables display attributes unattainable from polycrystalline thin‐film transistors, and the complimentary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microICs support a wide range of applications beyond driving pixels. Integrating sensors within displays can add value to products, reduce costs and improve performance versus conventional solutions. As evidenced by touch and display integration in mobile displays via TDDI ICs, in‐cell sensing can reduce cost and improve performance to levels that are not available with all display types. Capacitive touch, optical touch, 3D scanning, and proximity sensing can also benefit from the inherent coordination between sensors and display. We present multiple sensing architectures and demonstrations of integration within microLED displays and describe CMOS microIC circuits for touch sensing applications. With diverse heterogenous semiconductor technology tightly woven into displays, the potential for intuitive gesture controls, adaptive interfaces, and enhanced sensory feedback paves the way for more natural and effortless interactions between humans and machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities, significantly impacted by the shift to online learning during pandemic, must critically evaluate their teaching methods and outcomes to enhance performance in the post‐pandemic era. However, there has been a limited examination of whether students achieved comparable levels in cognition and social interaction during the pandemic compared to traditional face‐to‐face learning. Addressing this gap, this exploratory study utilized a quasi‐experimental design to analyse and compare the learning performance and outcomes of two cohorts of students (totalling 45) in a 12‐week university course delivered through the computer‐supported collaborative learning (CSCL) approach, both during and after the pandemic. Employing quantitative analysis and lag sequential analysis, the study examined students' behaviours, similarities and differences in performance within CSCL environments under two distinct social situations. Results indicated that students engaged in complete online learning with CSCL and those in face‐to‐face teaching with CSCL achieved similar levels of conceptual understanding. Additionally, a comparable distribution pattern of learning behaviours was observed. However, significant differences in behaviour sequences emerged between the two implementations, with students exhibiting a higher level of engagement in CSCL activities during the post‐pandemic period. These findings inform the design of CSCL environments should integrate student‐centred activities and include guiding scripts, prompts and scaffoldings in navigating learning endeavours effectively. Practitioner notes What is already known about this topic The CSCL environment could facilitate teacher‐student and student–student interaction in learning activities. Studies have been conducted on the impact of scripts and prompts on students' cognition and social interaction in CSCL environment. There is a crucial need for conducting more in‐depth data analysis to comprehensively explore the CSCL process within university settings. What this paper adds A well‐designed CSCL environment, coupled with effective instructional strategies, exhibits resilience, sustaining its beneficial effects on students' academic performance and interaction. Both cohorts demonstrated a proclivity for engaging in repetitive behaviours, particularly focused on reviewing and reading activities. The latter cohort displayed a preference for individual tasks over collaborative efforts, showcasing a relatively higher frequency of individual work as opposed to group activities. Notably absent in both groups were crucial behavioural sequences, namely VR‐IA and VC‐IA, underscoring potential areas for CSCL improvement. Implications for practice and/or policy In the CSCL environment, a variety of activities rooted in student‐centred pedagogy (ie, self‐regulated learning, inquiry‐based learning and peer feedback) should be seamlessly integrated. It is recommended to furnish students with scripts, prompts and scaffoldings to bolster their navigation through collaborative and independent learning endeavours within CSCL environment. Students are encouraged to bridge their newly acquired knowledge with their existing understanding, for enhancing engagement and promoting deeper comprehension. What is already known about this topic The CSCL environment could facilitate teacher‐student and student–student interaction in learning activities. Studies have been conducted on the impact of scripts and prompts on students' cognition and social interaction in CSCL environment. There is a crucial need for conducting more in‐depth data analysis to comprehensively explore the CSCL process within university settings. What this paper adds A well‐designed CSCL environment, coupled with effective instructional strategies, exhibits resilience, sustaining its beneficial effects on students' academic performance and interaction. Both cohorts demonstrated a proclivity for engaging in repetitive behaviours, particularly focused on reviewing and reading activities. The latter cohort displayed a preference for individual tasks over collaborative efforts, showcasing a relatively higher frequency of individual work as opposed to group activities. Notably absent in both groups were crucial behavioural sequences, namely VR‐IA and VC‐IA, underscoring potential areas for CSCL improvement. Implications for practice and/or policy In the CSCL environment, a variety of activities rooted in student‐centred pedagogy (ie, self‐regulated learning, inquiry‐based learning and peer feedback) should be seamlessly integrated. It is recommended to furnish students with scripts, prompts and scaffoldings to bolster their navigation through collaborative and independent learning endeavours within CSCL environment. Students are encouraged to bridge their newly acquired knowledge with their existing understanding, for enhancing engagement and promoting deeper comprehension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) can affect social interaction and communication as well as motor and cognitive processes. Speech is affected in PD, as is the control of voluntary eye movements which are thought to play an important role in 'turn taking' in conversation. Aims: This study aimed to measure eye movements during spoken conversation in PD to assess whether differences in patterns of eye gaze are linked to disrupted turn taking and impaired communication efficiency. Methods & Procedure: Eleven participants with mild PD and 14 controls completed a two‐player guessing game. During each 3 min game turn, one of the players had to guess the names of as many objects as possible based only on the other player's description. Eye movements were recorded simultaneously in both participants using mobile eye trackers along with speech onset and offset times. Outcomes & Results: When people with PD played the role of describer, the other player guessed fewer objects compared to when controls described objects. When guessing objects, people with PD performed just as well as controls. Analysis of eye fixations showed that people with PD made longer periods of fixation on the other player's face relative to controls and a lower number of such 'gaze on face' periods. Conclusions & Implications: A combination of oculomotor, cognitive and speech abnormalities may disrupt communication in PD. Better public awareness of oculomotor, speech and other deficits in the condition could improve social connectedness in people with Parkinson's. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject?: Parkinson's disease is known to affect the control of voluntary eye movements. Direction of eye gaze is important in spoken conversation as a cue to turn‐taking, but no studies have examined whether eye movements are different during communication in people with Parkinson's. What this paper adds to existing knowledge?: People with Parkinson's showed longer periods of eye fixation during conversations compared to controls. Delays and overlaps between speech turns were also affected in patients. What are the clinical implications of this work?: Better knowledge of the effect of the disease on eye gaze control amongst clinicians may help improve communication and social connectedness for patients in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While emotional transmission is a well‐documented phenomenon, the contagion of happiness, specifically as a positive emotion, has received limited research attention. This study utilizes data from the 2015 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS2015) to analyse the effects of happiness contagion among different individual groups in urban communities. Findings indicate that individuals with positive personalities and social attitudes are more susceptible to happiness contagion. Regarding personal and job attributes, the elderly, the highly educated, the married, or people who are religious, have high incomes, work in non‐state‐owned enterprises, or work flexibly tend to receive more happiness from their neighbours. Moreover, residents living in economically developed areas exhibit a greater receptivity to happiness contagion. The paper discusses policy implications of the results. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of social contacts in the labor market is widespread. This paper investigates the association between personal connections and hiring probabilities as well as re‐employment outcomes of displaced workers in Portugal. The hiring analysis indicates that displaced workers with a direct link to a firm through a former coworker are three times more likely to be hired compared to workers displaced from the same closing event who lack such a tie. Moreover, we show that successful displaced workers with a connection in the hiring firm have higher entry‐level wages and enjoy greater job security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay summarizes the key pillars of human ecodynamics (HE) research and then highlights the most trenchant ideas from each of the seven papers in the Special Issue, especially as they intersect with HE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humour is an integral part of human interactions, but it is not clear how it contributes to creativity in innovation. This paper provides new insights into the emerging literature about the impact of humour on creativity in innovation by conceptualizing humour as a situation‐specific state and using a mixed methods research design to investigate the use and impact of humour in two specific innovation contexts: idea generation by customers and collaboration in innovation teams. Our research makes four important contributions. (1) It suggests and demonstrates the relevance of a situation‐specific humorous mood. (2) It distinguishes between natural and instrumental humour and emphasizes that a purposely induced humorous mood can enhance creativity. (3) It shows that the impact of humour is not limited to a firm's individual employees but can also include external actors, such as customers and interactions between members of innovation teams. (4) It identifies the key drivers and effects of humorous mood in innovation. The findings from two empirical studies are integrated into a framework that captures the key concepts and relationships and that is also used to derive several directions for further research to better understand the effects of humour on creativity in the context of innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perspectives of healthcare have, in past decades, focused more on active citizenship, human rights and empowerment. Healthcare consumer involvement as a concept is still unstructured and consumers have no apparent opportunities to participate in their care processes. The focus is often on the expertise of professionals, even if mental health consumers are willing to become involved and have sufficient decisional capacity. The aim of this integrative literature review was to construct an understanding of consumer perceptions and guiding frameworks of consumer involvement. There was no previous synthesis of mental health consumer perceptions combined with guiding frameworks. An integrative review methodology was employed, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. The quality of the 18 studies included was analysed with the Whittemore and Knafl approach. By following Braun and Clarke's guidelines, an inductive thematic analysis was conducted to collate the themes from the selected papers. Mental health consumers' perceptions of involvement included expectations of person‐centred care, such as respect, dignity, equal interaction, supportive environments and being part of a community. This research did not find any single established framework to give clear guidelines for consumer involvement in mental healthcare, but similar determinants describing various frameworks were uncovered. This review also shows how the terminology has changed throughout the years. The perceptions of mental health consumers need to be considered to enable the implementation of person‐centredness from guidelines through to practice. Paying more attention to the education of professional mental health caregivers and the involvement of mental health consumers in their care provides better opportunities to co‐develop successful mental health services and recovery processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Issue Addressed: The COVID‐19 pandemic bears many similarities to other disasters such as bushfires, earthquakes and floods. It also has distinctive features including its prolonged and recurrent nature and the social isolation induced by pandemic responses. Existing conceptual frameworks previously applied to the study of disaster, such as the Recovery Capitals Framework (RCF), may be useful in understanding experiences of the COVID‐19 pandemic and in guiding agencies and governments tasked with supporting communities. Methods: This paper presents an analysis of interviews conducted with residents of the Australian state of Victoria in 2020–2021. The RCF was used to analyse how participant experiences and well‐being were influenced by seven forms of capital—social, human, natural, financial, built, cultural and political—with particular focus on the interactions between these capitals. Results: Social capital featured most prominently in participants' accounts, yet the analysis revealed important interactions between social and other capitals that shaped their pandemic experiences. The RCF supported a strengths‐based and holistic analysis while also revealing how inequities and challenges were compounded in some cases. Conclusions: Findings can be leveraged to develop effective and innovative strategies to support well‐being and disrupt patterns of compounding inequity. Applying the RCF in the context of COVID‐19 can help to link pandemic research with research from a wide range of disasters. So What?: In an increasingly complex global landscape of cascading and intersecting disasters including pandemics, flexible and nuanced conceptual approaches such as the RCF can generate valuable insights with practical implications for health promotion efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The CARE system is a gift from Mother Nature, we have it in our biological heritage; it enables us humans—as a basic gift—to help each other in a large, life‐serving context, and thus also to counterbalance destruction. It is about a basic human ability, linked to typical behaviour, but also about a basic human need for connectedness. In this paper, I would like to show how the CARE system can be activated as a collective attitude. The CARE system is strengthened by positive emotions. We are currently being affected by many crises and this triggers fear. How can we deal with this better? Fear is countered with hope and the associated positive emotions such as joy, awe, kama muta and others. These emotions and feelings can be consciously encouraged and placed alongside the feelings of fear. But also, when we share the feelings of grief with each other, it triggers an attitude of CARE. We can grieve together for the various experiences of loss that we go through—but we can also imagine together how we envisage a future that is worth living for everyone. An attitude in the sense of CARING has been practised in friendship for thousands of years. It would therefore be possible to move away from an attitude of competing and outdoing, to an attitude not only of recognition, care, and solidarity in human interaction, but also in our connection with nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Sociologists tend to see G. H. Mead's conceptualization of self as fundamentally correct. In this paper, we develop a critique of Mead's notion of the self as constituted through social interactions. Our focus will be on Mead's categorial distinction between the socially constructed self and subjective experience, as well as on the tendency of post‐Meadian sociologists to push Mead's position in ever more radical directions. Drawing inspiration from a multifaceted understanding of selfhood that can be found in Husserlian phenomenology, we then propose that the most basic level of selfhood is anchored in irreducible subjective experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of human factors in pelvic exenteration and how team performance is optimized in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative phases. Method: Qualitative analysis of focus groups was used to capture authentic human interactions that reflect real‐world multiprofessional performance. Theatre teams were treated as clusters, with a particular focus group containing participants who worked together regularly. Results: Three focus groups were conducted. Four themes emerged – driving force, technical skills, nontechnical skills and operational aspects – with a total of 16 subthemes. Saturation was reached by group 2, with no new subthemes emerging after this. There was some interaction between the themes and the subthemes. Broadly speaking, driving force led to the development of specialised technical skills and nontechnical skills, which were operationalized into successful service through operational aspects. Conclusion: This study of teams performing pelvic exenteration is the first in the field using this methodology. It has generated rich qualitative data with authentic insights into the pragmatic aspects of developing and delivering a service. In addition, it shows how the themes are connected or 'coupled' in a network, for example technical and non‐technical skills. In a complex system, 'tight coupling' leads to both high performance and adverse events. In this paper, we report the qualitative aspects of high performance by pelvic exenteration teams in a complex sociotechnical system, which depends on tight coupling of several themes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents two studies in which a peer‐assisted learning condition was compared to an individual learning condition. The first study used the paired‐associates learning task and the second study used an incrementally more complex task—the remote associate test. Participants in the peer‐assisted learning condition worked in groups of four. They had to solve a given problem individually and give a first answer before being able to request to see their peers' solutions; then, a second answer was issued. After six sessions of peer‐assisted practice, a final individual test was administered. Peer interaction was found to benefit learning in both studies but the benefit transferred to the final test only in the second study. Fine‐grained behavioral analyses and computational modeling suggested that the benefits of peer interaction were (partially) offset by its costs, particularly increased cognitive load and error exposure. Overall, the superiority of peer‐assisted learning over individual learning was more pronounced in the more complex task and for the more difficult problems in that task. A peer‐assisted learning condition was compared to an individual learning condition. The benefits of peer interaction were (partially) offset by its costs, particularly increased cognitive load and error exposure. The superiority of peer‐assisted learning over individual learning was more pronounced in the more complex task and for the more difficult problems in that task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiphysics inversion exploits different types of geophysical data that often complement each other and aims to improve overall imaging resolution and reduce uncertainties in geophysical interpretation. Despite the advantages, traditional multiphysics inversion is challenging because it requires a large amount of computational time and intensive human interactions for preprocessing data and finding trade‐off parameters. These issues make it nearly impossible for traditional multiphysics inversion to be applied as a real‐time monitoring tool for geological carbon storage. In this paper, we present a deep learning (DL) multiphysics network for imaging CO2 saturation in real time. The multiphysics network consists of three encoders for analysing seismic, electromagnetic and gravity data and shares one decoder for combining imaging capabilities of the different geophysical data for better predicting CO2 saturation. The network is trained on pairs of CO2 label models and multiphysics data so that it can directly image CO2 saturation. We use the bootstrap aggregating method to enhance the imaging accuracy and estimate uncertainties associated with CO2 saturation images. Using realistic CO2 label models and multiphysics data derived from the Kimberlina CO2 storage model, we evaluate the performance of the deep learning multiphysics network and compare its imaging results to those from the deep learning single‐physics networks. Our modelling experiments show that the deep learning multiphysics network for seismic, electromagnetic, and gravity data not only improves the imaging accuracy but also reduces uncertainties associated with CO2 saturation images. Our results also suggest that the deep learning multiphysics network for the non‐seismic data (i.e., electromagnetic and gravity) can be used as an effective low‐cost monitoring tool in between regular seismic monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The impact of hearing impairment is typically studied in terms of its effects on speech perception, yet this fails to account for the interactive nature of communication. Recently, there has been a move towards studying the effects of age‐related hearing impairment on interaction, often using referential communication tasks; however, little is known about how interaction in these tasks compares to everyday communication. Aims: To investigate utterances and requests for clarification used in one‐to‐one conversations between older adults with hearing impairment and younger adults without hearing impairment, and between two younger adults without hearing impairment. Methods & Procedures: A total of 42 participants were recruited to the study and split into 21 pairs, 10 with two younger adults without hearing impairment and 11 with one younger adult without hearing impairment and one older participant with age‐related hearing impairment (hard of hearing). Results from three tasks—spontaneous conversation and two trials of a referential communication task—were compared. A total of 5 min of interaction in each of the three tasks was transcribed, and the frequency of requests for clarification, mean length of utterance and total utterances were calculated for individual participants and pairs. Outcomes & Results: When engaging in spontaneous conversation, participants made fewer requests for clarification than in the referential communication, regardless of hearing status/age (p ≤ 0.012). Participants who were hard of hearing made significantly more requests for clarification than their partners without hearing impairment in only the second trial of the referential communication task (U = 25, p = 0.019). Mean length of utterance was longer in spontaneous conversation than in the referential communication task in the pairs without hearing impairment (p ≤ 0.021), but not in the pairs including a person who was hard of hearing. However, participants who were hard of hearing used significantly longer utterances than their partners without hearing impairment in the spontaneous conversation (U = 8, p < 0.001) but not in the referential communication tasks. Conclusions & Implications: The findings suggest that patterns of interaction observed in referential communication tasks differ to those observed in spontaneous conversation. The results also suggest that fatigue may be an important consideration when planning studies of interaction that use multiple conditions of a communication task, particularly when participants are older or hard of hearing. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject: Age‐related hearing impairment is known to affect communication; however, the majority of studies have focused on its impact on speech perception in controlled conditions. This indicates little about the impact on everyday, interactive, communication. What this study adds to the existing knowledge: We investigated utterance length and requests for clarification in one‐to‐one conversations between pairs consisting of one older adult who is hard of hearing and one younger adult without hearing impairment, or two younger adults without hearing impairment. Results from three tasks (two trials of a referential communication task and spontaneous conversation) were compared. The findings demonstrated a significant effect of task type on requests for clarification in both groups. Furthermore, in spontaneous conversation, older adults who were hard of hearing used significantly longer utterances than their partners without hearing impairment. This pattern was not observed in the referential communication task. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: These findings have important implications for generalizing results from controlled communication tasks to more everyday conversation. Specifically, they suggest that the previously observed strategy of monopolizing conversation, possibly as an attempt to control it, may be more frequently used by older adults who are hard of hearing in natural conversation than in a more contrived communication task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem‐oriented teaching (POT) activities are important in classroom instruction. The level of student response can be influenced by different teacher behaviours in POT. However, the characteristics of teachers' multimodal behaviours at different levels of response are unclear. This study applied epistemic network analysis to explore the characteristics of teachers' multimodal behaviours in POT with different response levels. Using 256 POT segments from 12 classroom teaching videos in primary and secondary schools, this study found that authentic questions and iconic gestures occupied a central position in multimodal behaviours. The concomitant use of multimodal behaviours and the flexibility in eye contact could improve the response levels of students. These findings help understand how teachers' multimodal behaviours can promote students' responses. Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic Various behaviours have been shown to impact learners' response, such as teachers' responses to students and teachers' non‐verbal behaviours.Epistemic network analysis can be used to analyse the structure of the connections between cognitive, social and interaction data.What this paper adds This study analyses the characteristics of teachers' multimodal behaviours during problem‐oriented activities.It also compares the salient properties of non‐verbal, verbal and multimodal behavioural networks generated by interactive fragments of students' responses of different cognitive levels.Implications for practice and policy Teachers should ask more authentic questions in the classroom to promote in‐depth thinking processes in students.The appropriate coordination of multimodal behaviours by teachers is crucial to promote the cognitive level of students' responses.Upon making eye contact with students, teachers should also use iconic gestures and be flexible regarding the use of eye contact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inversion of petrophysical parameters from seismic data represents a fundamental step in the process of characterizing the subsurface, with applications ranging from subsurface resource exploration to geothermal, carbon capture and storage, and hydrogen storage. We propose a novel, data‐driven approach, named Seis2Rock, that utilizes optimal basis functions learned from well‐log information to create a direct link between pre‐stack seismic data and so‐called band‐limited petrophysical reflectivities. Seis2Rock is composed of two stages: training and inference. During training, a set of optimal basis functions are identified by performing singular value decomposition on one or more synthetic amplitude variation with offset gathers created from measured or rock‐physics synthesized elastic well logs. In inference, seismic pre‐stack data are first projected into a set of band‐limited petrophysical reflectivities using the previously computed basis functions; this is followed by regularized post‐stack seismic inversion of the individual properties. In this work, we apply the Seis2Rock methodology to a synthetic data set based on the Smeaheia reservoir model and to the open Volve field data set. Our numerical results reveal the ability of the proposed method in recovering accurate porosity, shale content, and water saturation models. Finally, the proposed methodology is applied in the context of reservoir monitoring to invert time‐lapse, pre‐stack seismic data for water saturation changes. Plain Language Summary: The current study presents a new approach to characterizing the subsurface through the use of seismic data. Petrophysical parameters, such as porosity and fluid saturations, inform geoscientists about the location and volume of fluids that could be present in a certain area of the subsurface. We propose a method, termed Seis2Rock, which can directly map seismic data to petrophysical properties. First, using petrophysical measurements from previously drilled wells, we find a direct relationship between the observed petrophysical properties and the seismic data at the well locations. Once such direct relationship is learned, it is applied to the remaining seismic data, which covers areas with no petrophysical data available. Tested on synthetic and field data, we illustrated that Seis2Rock can accurately predict the spatial distribution of porosity, shale content, and water saturation in the subsurface. Moreover, as the subsurface changes due to human interactions, for example, hydrocarbon extraction, CO2 and hydrogen injection for storage purposes, Seis2Rock can be repurposed to monitor changes occurring through time, such as tracking how fluid moves within a reservoir. Key Points: A data‐driven approach to petrophysical inversion from pre‐stack seismic data via simple, and interpretable algebraic operationsPetrophysical reflectivities are introduced to directly link training and test data and to recover full‐bandwidth petrophysical parametersA robust, end‐to‐end workflow is established on synthetic and field data for subsurface characterization and monitoring [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

VR devices have existential experiences that can meet the deeper interaction needs of humans and are the driving force behind the rapid development of the industry. As the latest computing platform, VR is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. In recent years, the continuous iteration of hardware to ensure the visual experience effect, system‐level interaction features more rich, game content developers continue to launch more high‐quality content, this series of industry progress to promote the VR ecosystem continues to improve, and continue to develop. At this stage, VR market participants are mainly divided into three camps: VR industry advocators, Internet content platforms, intelligent device terminal brands, etc., and the leading players continue to invest in the layout, and the future will show a highly concentrated trend. The combination of hardware and content roles strengthens the synergistic effect of both sides and preempts the core link of the meta‐universe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]