Search

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of a fixed‐ratio combination of insulin glargine 100 U/mL plus lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) with premixed insulin, insulin degludec plus insulin aspart (IDegAsp), in Chinese people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) suboptimally controlled with oral antidiabetic drug(s) (OADs). Methods: In Soli‐D, a 24‐week, multicentre, open‐label, study, insulin‐naïve adults were randomized 1:1 to once‐daily injections of iGlarLixi (n = 291) or IDegAsp (n = 291), with continued metformin ± sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors. The primary endpoint was non‐inferiority in HbA1c change from baseline to week 24. Key secondary endpoints included superiority in HbA1c change and body weight (BW) change at week 24. Hypoglycaemia rates were also assessed. Results: At week 24, iGlarLixi showed non‐inferiority and superiority over IDegAsp in HbA1c reduction (least squares [LS] mean difference: −0.20 [95% confidence interval {CI}: –0.33, −0.07]; P <.001 for non‐inferiority; [97.5% CI: –0.35, −0.05]; P =.003 for superiority). iGlarLixi decreased BW and IDegAsp increased BW from baseline to week 24, with a statistically significant LS mean difference of −1.49 kg in favour of iGlarLixi (97.5% CI: –2.32, −0.66; P <.001). Event rates (per person‐year) for American Diabetes Association (ADA) Level 1, 2 or 3 hypoglycaemia were lower for iGlarLixi (1.90) versus IDegAsp (2.72) (relative risk: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.98). No ADA Level 3 hypoglycaemia or unexpected safety findings were reported. Conclusions: In Chinese people with T2D suboptimally controlled with OADs, once‐daily iGlarLixi provided better glycaemic control with BW benefit and lower hypoglycaemia event rates versus IDegAsp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hostility towards women is a type of prejudice that can have adverse effects on women and society, but research on predictors of men's hostility towards women is limited. The present study primarily introduced predictors associated with misogynist involuntary celibates (incels), and then investigated whether loneliness, rejection, attractiveness, number of romantic and sexual partners, right‐wing authoritarianism, and gaming predicted hostility towards women among a more general sample of men. A total of 473 men (aged 18–35, single, heterosexual, UK residents) recruited via Prolific answered the hostile sexism subscale, the misogyny scale, the self‐perceived sexual attractiveness scale, the right‐wing authoritarianism scale, the game addiction scale for adolescents, the adult rejection‐sensitivity scale, the UCLA loneliness scale, and self‐developed questions regarding number of sexual and romantic partners, and time spent gaming. We found a strong positive relationship between right‐wing authoritarianism and hostility towards women, as well as a strong convex curvilinear relationship between attractiveness and hostility towards women. The number of sexual partners showed a moderate concave relationship with hostility towards women. We did not find sufficient support for a relationship between gaming and hostility towards women, and there was no support that loneliness, rejection, or romantic partners predicted hostility towards women among a general sample of men. Our study supports right‐wing authoritarianism and self‐perceived attractiveness as potential strong predictors in understanding men's hostility towards women in the wider community.Pre‐registration: https://osf.io/ms3a4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: For a long time, the prevailing viewpoint suggests that shorter telomere contribute to chromosomal instability, which is a shared characteristic of both aging and cancer. The newest research presented that T cell immune deficiency rather than chromosome instability predisposes patients with short telomere syndromes to some cancers. However, the relationship between genetically determined telomere length (TL) and immune cells remains unclear. Methods: The two‐sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to elucidate the potential causal relationship. The genetic data of TL and immune cells were obtained from the Genome‐Wide Association Study. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used to estimate the effects primarily and another four methods were as a supplement. Sensitivity analysis was used to test the results. Results: The IVW method showed a significant correlation between TL and the percentage of T cells in lymphocytes (odds ratio [OR]: 1.222, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.014–1.472, p =.035), indicating that shorter TL significantly increases the risk of low T cell percentage. Further analysis of T cell subsets indicated that shorter TL may primarily lead to a lower percentage of Natural Killer T cells (OR: 1.574, 95% CI: 1.281–1.935, p <.001). Analysis of B cell subsets revealed that shorter TL may be associated with a higher percentage of Naive‐mature B cells, and a lower percentage of Memory B cells. And the sensitivity analysis indicated the validity and robustness of our findings. Conclusion: In summary, our findings suggest that shorter TL may be associated with a decline in the percentage of T cell, as well as impediments in the differentiation of B cell, consequently leading to the onset of immunosenescence and immunodeficiency. The relevant mechanisms and potential therapeutic avenues still need further investigation. Shorter telomere length may be associated with a decline in the percentage of T cell, as well as impediments in the differentiation of B cell, consequently leading to the onset of immunosenescence and immunodeficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]