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Background: Thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an important diagnostic tool for thyroid disorders. The Bethesda technique for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) is an unambiguous, six-category reporting system for thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) that is widely acknowledged as a standard reporting guideline for institutes across continents which can minimize needless surgeries. Material and Methods: The study was carried out at the Pathology Department of the Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh, Assam, India, from March 2023 to February 2024. The aim is to study the different cytological pattern in thyroid lesion by FNAC The results are interpreted using the features and categories specified in the TBSRTC. A total of 182 cases were studied. The distribution of the various categories from evaluated thyroid FNAs are as follows: nondiagnostic/unsatisfactory-8.2%, benign-75.9%, atypia of undetermined significance-6.0%,follicular neoplasm (FN) or suspicious for a FN-4.3%,suspicious for malignancy - 1%, malignant - 4.3%.Conclusion: The results of a FNA according to The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) give a standard and systematic approach to managing these nodules. Its standardized nomenclature enhanced thyroid FNAC reporting by facilitating communication and interlaboratory agreement among cytopathologists and clinicians, potentially leading to more standardized patient care management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To correlate the screening ability of ultrasound-based TIRADS with the FNAC-based Bethesda system when the latter is kept as a gold standard. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Histopathology department, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar 15th June 2022-14th June 2023. A total of 363 patients from any age group of either gender diagnosed with thyroid nodules were included in the trial. All the participants underwent ultrasound followed by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of thyroid nodules. TIRADS and Bethesda grading was done for each participant. Demographics and grading scores were recorded. Keeping Bethesda scoring as gold standard diagnostic performance of TIRADS grading was calculated. Results: Mean age of the patients was 46.68 ± 12.28 years with a female-to-male ratio of 2.3:1. TIRADS grading revealed 210 (69.8%) from TIRADS 2 while 70(82.4%), 12(50%), and 09(23.7%) patients were from TIRADS 3, 4 and 5 categories respectively. Bethesda grades were 301(82.9%), 21(5.8%), 09(2.5%), 28(7.7%), and 04(1.1%) from Bethesda 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 categories respectively. The sensitivity of the TIRADS was 93.8%, specificity 89.1%, positive predictive value 45%, negative predictive value 99.3%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 89.5%. Conclusion: TIRADS grading has a high diagnostic ability when Bethesda scoring is kept as the gold standard. It can be used effectively in segregating benign from malignant nodules and is recommended for screening patients presenting with thyroid nodules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]