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We report on the first measurement of the elemental fragmentation cross sections (EFCSs) of $^{29-33}\mathrm{Si}$ on a carbon target at $\sim$230~MeV/nucleon. The experimental data covering charge changes of $\Delta Z$ = 1-4 are reproduced well by the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) coupled with the evaporation GEMINI (IQMD+GEMINI) model. We further explore the mechanisms underlying the single-proton removal reaction in this model framework. We conclude that the cross sections from direct proton knockout exhibit a overall weak dependence on the mass number of $\mathrm{Si}$ projectiles. The proton evaporation induced after the projectile excitation significantly affects the cross sections for neutron-deficient $\mathrm{Si}$ isotopes, while neutron evaporation plays a crucial role in the reactions of neutron-rich $\mathrm{Si}$ isotopes. It is presented that the relative magnitude of one-proton and one-neutron separation energies is an essential factor that influences evaporation processes., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

We perform the first lattice calculation on the semileptonic decay of $J/\psi$ using the (2+1)-flavor Wilson-clover gauge ensembles generated by CLQCD collaboration. Three gauge ensembles with different lattice spacings, from 0.0519 fm to 0.1053 fm, and pion masses, $m_{\pi}\sim$ 300 MeV, are utilized. After a naive continuum extrapolation using three lattice spacings, we obtain $\operatorname{Br}(J/\psi\rightarrow D_s e\nu_e)=1.90(6)(5)_{V_{cs}}\times 10^{-10}$ and $\operatorname{Br}(J/\psi\rightarrow D e\nu_e)=1.21(6)(9)_{V_{cd}}\times 10^{-11}$, where the first errors are statistical, and the second come from the uncertainties of CKM matrix element $V_{cs(d)}$. The ratios of the branching fractions between lepton $\mu$ and $e$ are also calculated as $R_{J/\psi}(D_s)=0.97002(8)$ and $R_{J/\psi}(D)=0.97423(15)$ after performing a continuum limit including only $a^2$ term. The ratios provide necessary theoretical support for the future experimental test of lepton flavor universality., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures

Controlled fusion energy is deemed pivotal for the advancement of human civilization. In this study, we introduce $\textbf{Fusion-LLM}$, a novel integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with classical reservoir computing paradigms tailored to address challenges in Inertial Confinement Fusion ($\texttt{ICF}$). Our approach offers several key contributions: Firstly, we propose the $\textit{LLM-anchored Reservoir}$, augmented with a fusion-specific prompt, enabling accurate forecasting of hot electron dynamics during implosion. Secondly, we develop $\textit{Signal-Digesting Channels}$ to temporally and spatially describe the laser intensity across time, capturing the unique characteristics of $\texttt{ICF}$ inputs. Lastly, we design the $\textit{Confidence Scanner}$ to quantify the confidence level in forecasting, providing valuable insights for domain experts to design the $\texttt{ICF}$ process. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superior performance of our method, achieving 1.90 CAE, 0.14 $\texttt{top-1}$ MAE, and 0.11 $\texttt{top-5}$ MAE in predicting Hard X-ray ($\texttt{HXR}$) energies of $\texttt{ICF}$ tasks, which presents state-of-the-art comparisons against concurrent best systems. Additionally, we present $\textbf{Fusion4AI}$, the first $\texttt{ICF}$ benchmark based on physical experiments, aimed at fostering novel ideas in plasma physics research and enhancing the utility of LLMs in scientific exploration. Overall, our work strives to forge an innovative synergy between AI and plasma science for advancing fusion energy.

Quantization is a proven effective method for compressing large language models. Although popular techniques like W8A8 and W4A16 effectively maintain model performance, they often fail to concurrently speed up the prefill and decoding stages of inference. W4A8 is a promising strategy to accelerate both of them while usually leads to a significant performance degradation. To address these issues, we present QQQ, a Quality Quattuor-bit Quantization method with 4-bit weights and 8-bit activations. QQQ employs adaptive smoothing and Hessian-based compensation, significantly enhancing the performance of quantized models without extensive training. Furthermore, we meticulously engineer W4A8 GEMM kernels to increase inference speed. Our specialized per-channel W4A8 GEMM and per-group W4A8 GEMM achieve impressive speed increases of 3.67$\times$ and 3.29 $\times$ over FP16 GEMM. Our extensive experiments show that QQQ achieves performance on par with existing state-of-the-art LLM quantization methods while significantly accelerating inference, achieving speed boosts up to 2.24 $\times$, 2.10$\times$, and 1.25$\times$ compared to FP16, W8A8, and W4A16, respectively.

Lattice QCD results for isospin $I=\frac{1}{2}$ $D\pi$ scattering are presented. Utilizing a series of $N_{\text{f}}=2+1$ Wilson-Clover ensembles with pion masses of $m_\pi \approx 132, 208, 305$ and $317$ MeV, various two-particle operators are constructed and the corresponding finite-volume spectra are determined. The $S$ and $P$-wave scattering phase shifts are then extracted using the L\"{u}scher approach. A clear trend for the motion of the $D_0^*(2300)$ pole is identified. With the physical pion mass configurations also included, this calculation constitutes the first lattice calculation in which the pion mass dependence of the $D_0^*(2300)$ pole is investigated and the scattering lengths are extrapolated/interpolated to the physical pion mass in $D\pi$ scattering., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 9 tables

We perform a lattice calculation on the radiative decay of $D_s^*$ using the (2+1)-flavor Wilson-clover gauge ensembles generated by CLQCD collaboration. A method allowing us to calculate the form factor with zero transfer momentum is proposed and applied to the radiative transition $D_s^*\rightarrow D_s\gamma$ and the Dalitz decay $D_s^*\rightarrow D_s e^+e^-$. After a continuum extrapolation using three lattice spacings, we obtain $\Gamma(D_s^*\rightarrow D_s \gamma)=0.0549(54)$ keV, where the error is purely statistical. The result is consistent with previous lattice calculations but with a error reduced to only a fifth of the before. The Dalitz decay rate is also calculated for the first time and the ratio with the radiative transition is found to be $R_{ee}=0.624(3)\%$. A total decay width of $D_s^*$ can then be determined as 0.0587(54) keV taking into account the experimental branching fraction. Combining with the most recent experimental measurement on the branching fraction of the purely leptonic decay $D_s^{+,*}\rightarrow e^+\nu_e$, we obtain the quantity $f_{D_s^*}|V_{cs}|=(190.5^{+55.1}_{-41.7_{\textrm{stat.}}}\pm 12.6_{\textrm{syst.}})$ MeV, where the stat. is only the statistical error from the experiment, and syst. results from the experimental systematic uncertainty and the lattice statistical error. Our result leads to an improved systematic uncertainty compared to $42.7_{\textrm{syst.}}$ obtained using previous lattice prediction of total decay width $0.070(28)$ keV as the input., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, published version

Parallel text-to-speech models have been widely applied for real-time speech synthesis, and they offer more controllability and a much faster synthesis process compared with conventional auto-regressive models. Although parallel models have benefits in many aspects, they become naturally unfit for incremental synthesis due to their fully parallel architecture such as transformer. In this work, we propose Incremental FastPitch, a novel FastPitch variant capable of incrementally producing high-quality Mel chunks by improving the architecture with chunk-based FFT blocks, training with receptive-field constrained chunk attention masks, and inference with fixed size past model states. Experimental results show that our proposal can produce speech quality comparable to the parallel FastPitch, with a significant lower latency that allows even lower response time for real-time speech applications., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table