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[Display omitted] • Aqueous hybrid iron-ion battery capacitor with flower-like activated carbon as cathode. • The aqueous device shows 100% cycling stability at 3,000 cycles test. • The aqueous devices reach 644 mF g−1 at 1 mA cm−2 in the voltage window of 0–1 V. With the over-exploitation of lithium resources, there is a tendency to find a new metal-ion energy storage device to replace lithium-ion batteries. In recent years, Fe-ion energy storage devices are acknowledged for their low cost, abundant resources, and safe characteristics, but their full potential has yet to be widely explored. Herein, we propose a new hybrid iron-ion battery capacitor (H-IIBC) energy storage device. The H-IIBC device prepared with nano flower-like activated carbon (FAC) as the cathode material, high-purity iron sheet as the anode material, and 1 M FeSO 4 + NH 4 Cl aqueous solution as the electrolyte. After atomic molecular dynamics simulations and ex situ characterization analysis, ion adsorption/desorption occurs on the surface of the FAC cathode during the charging/discharging process, accompanied by the redox of iron ions. The stripping/deposition of iron occurs at the high-purity iron anode. With the charging/discharging process, the reaction at the anode favors the interconversion between Fe2+ and Fe3+ which requires less energy, thus ensuring that the high purity iron will not be depleted. Thus, the specific capacitance of prepared H-IIBC could reach 644 mF g−1 (399 mF cm−2) at a current density of 1 mA cm−2 in the voltage window of 0–1 V and shows ultra-high cycling stability at 3,000 cycles test. This economical, long-life and safe H-IIBC is expected to realize great potential in the field of energy storage in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Bioenergy and byproducts of Lycium barbarum (LBL) pyrolysis were quantified. • LBL contained 42.49% hemicellulose, 31.65% cellulose, and 25.86% lignin. • Main pyrolytic products were ketones, alcohols, and furans. • The activation energy of LBL pyrolysis varied between 133.10 and 318.36 kJ/mol. • Operational pyrolysis settings were jointly optimized via artificial intelligence. The substantial stream of Lycium barbarum (LBL) residues presents an opportunity for the valorized generation of energy and products through their pyrolysis. This study aimed to quantify the pyrolytic bioenergy potential of LBL by assessing its physicochemical properties, pyrolysis performance, kinetics, thermodynamics, volatile products, bio-oils, and biochars. The LBL pyrolysis consisted of the three consecutive stages of dehydration, devolatilization, and charring or carbonization of the residuals. The main pyrolysis temperature varied between 125.00 and 700.00 °C. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the LBL pyrolysis (0.1 < α < 0.9) were estimated via the Friedman method. Its activation energy ranged from 133.10 to 318.36 kJ/mol. Gases and functional groups identified included H 2 O, CO 2 , CH 4 , CO, C C, C-O, and C-OH. The primary pyrolytic outputs comprised ketones/alcohols, furans, acids, and N-containing compounds. Artificial neural networks were employed to jointly reconstruct and optimize the pyrolysis conditions. The simultaneously minimum gas emissions occurred at 677 and 1000 °C. The temperature dependence of pyrolytic biochar production was also characterized. The formation of pores was attributed to the increased pyrolysis temperature, increasing both the release of volatiles and the carbonization degree of activated carbon. This study provides both theoretical insights and practical guidance for the comprehensive utilization and effective management of Lycium barbarum residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]