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This book contains the peer-reviewed papers that were accepted and presented at the 2023 13th International Conference on Environmental Science and Engineering (ICESE 2023), held in Leuven, Belgium, September 8–10, 2023. The conference provides a forum for researchers and practitioners to address advances in the field of environmental science and engineering including problems, solutions, and research directions. The contents of the book cover emerging and diverse topics, including environmental systems approach, clean technologies, environmental restoration and ecological engineering, wastewater and sludge treatment, climate and climatic changes, atmospheric modeling and numerical prediction, waste minimization, recycling and reuse, solid waste management, carbon capture and storage, and sludge treatment and reuse.

This book thoroughly examines aerosol pollution and aerosol atmospheric rivers (narrow corridors of concentrated suspended aerosols in the sky), exploring their significant effects on human health, the environment, and global climate. Readers will find detailed discussions on these phenomena'sources, composition, patterns, and advanced methods for their detection, monitoring, and mitigation. Each chapter examines the complex dynamics of aerosol atmospheric rivers and the use of data mining and artificial intelligence in analyzing aerosol pollution. The book also highlights the interactions between aerosol pollution, aerosol atmospheric rivers, and particulate matter concentrations with associated risk, offering practical adaptation, mitigation, and resilience strategies.

This book presents the recent findings on air quality in Africa from the virtual event of the first International Conference on Air Quality in Africa (ICAQ 2022), providing a comprehensive overview on many subjects of air pollution that affect African society. It highlights research progress in the chemical and physical characterization of air pollutants, their related respiratory and non-respiratory health effects, measurements and monitoring of air pollutants using satellite remote sensing and modeling techniques, currently implemented abatement policies in different African countries, existing research and networking infrastructures, and novel tools for monitoring air quality. The advances in the development of local cost-effective air quality monitoring tools in Africa as well as the use of low-cost sensors in quantifying air quality levels are presented. This book is an enrichment for researchers, experts, and advocates of air quality, atmospheric chemistry and physics, satellite remote sensing applications, and policymakers in Africa.

This volume uses aerosol optical depth (AOD) analysis through mapping and remote sensing techniques to derive the relationship between aerosols and hazardous precipitation events, primarily in the form of flooding. Attention is also given to pollution caused by an abundance of particulate matter in the atmosphere and its impacts on human health, which is also assessed via the study of AOD. Background is given on how AOD is retrieved, and why it is a useful tool for estimating atmospheric particle concentration, but also the challenges associated with using this approach. Different aerosol types are introduced to perform a comparative analysis of the most common associations between pollution impacts on temperature and resulting precipitation events. These analyses will help to provide an overview of the best strategies to make informed and sustainable disaster risk management practices and policies. The target audience for the work is students, researchers, and scientists working witha vision towards sustainability, public health safety and air pollution mitigation measures. It will also be a useful text for climate change policy makers, environmental engineers and stakeholders in social development sectors.

This book explores spatiotemporal analysis and impact assessment of agricultural drought in China and investigates the correlation coefficient between meteorological drought and agricultural drought. It then conducts multivariate frequency analysis of drought events using drought indices and copula functions. It aims to reveal spatiotemporal characteristics and impacts of agricultural drought in China both on vegetation phenology and productivity. The book assesses the performances of drought indices for better predicting multi-year droughts and return periods and drought risk assessment.

Tropical cyclones (including hurricanes) are becoming more destructive. Rising seas are resulting in greater storm surge inundation. More moisture-laden, warmer air is leading to heavier rains. There is also mounting evidence for more powerful winds and a greater incidence of the strongest storms. Do we fully understand these changes, and what will these changes mean for society? Arising from the 2024 Symposium on Hurricane Risk in a Changing Climate, this book contains new research on hurricane behavior, our vulnerability, and how we communicate the risk. This book is essential reading to understand the future of tropical cyclone risk and what it means for society.

This book includes peer-reviewed articles from INCREASE 2023, Indonesia. It highlights research in the field of Radioscience, Equatorial Atmospheric Science and Environment organized by the Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere (PRIMA) of the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). The symposium aims to provide a scientific platform for students, teachers, and researchers to discuss ideas and current issues in the areas of atmosphere and ocean observation, and prediction, climate change, urban climate, and sustainable development, atmospheric chemistry and air quality, atmosphere-ocean interaction and climate variability, atmosphere and space interaction, paleoclimatology, cloud physics and its application, and atmospheric dynamics and hydrometeorology.

The book focuses on atmospheric processes that directly influence human environments within the lower 100–1000 meters of the atmosphere, spanning regions of only a few kilometers in size. It represents the English translation of the fourth edition of the German work titled'Applied Meteorology – Micrometeorological Methods'. It provides a fundamental understanding of micrometeorology as applied to various disciplines, including biometeorology, agrometeorology, hydrometeorology, technical meteorology, environmental meteorology, and biogeosciences, through carefully selected examples.A central theme of this book revolves around the crucial issues of transport processes and fluxes between the atmosphere and the underlying surface, with special emphasis on vegetated and heterogeneous surfaces. The authors comprehensively cover theory, measurement techniques, experimental methods, and modeling, presenting these concepts in a manner that can be readily applied for teaching, research, or practical applications.Compared to the second edition, the new features include updates and minor additions in all chapters, as well as selected new content that addresses the challenges posed by climate change.

This book explores the interaction between climate change phenomena and the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum (SPAC), which inspects the crucial role of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in modifying the net ecosystem response towards the modified environment. Increasing concentration of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) from massive deforestation, fossil fuel burning and rapid industrialization in the post-nineteenth century have led to adverse changes in our global climate system. The book evaluates the net impact of climate change on soil, plants and the atmosphere individually and in totality. Among the topics it covers are the impact of climate change on soil environment which encompasses soil processes, nutrient cycling, soil carbon sequestration, soil biota response and soil health management. Also included are the impact on plants with respect to the dry matter assimilation pattern, modification in resource use efficiency, rhizosphere interactions, management of biotic and abiotic stress factors, and regulatory mechanisms of biotic stress factors in modifying the net agroecosystem response towards climate change. Moreover, potential genetic engineering options for establishing C4 or Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in C3 plants, heat–drought stress on pollen biology, breeding ideotype, ecological indicators and crop simulation modelling are considered. Lastly, the impact on the atmosphere takes into account greenhouse gas measurements, mitigation options, eddy covariance measurement of greenhouse gasses, satellite-based monitoring, ecosystem services, abiotic stress management options, air pollution and atmospheric modelling. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, students and policymakers in understanding climate change impacts on interaction processes among the atmosphere, soil and plants from the local to regional scales.

This book delves into the characterization, impacts, drivers, and predictability of atmospheric rivers (AR). It begins with the historical background and mechanisms governing AR formation, giving insights into the global and regional perspectives of ARs, observing their varying manifestations across different geographical contexts. The book explores the key characteristics of ARs, from their frequency and duration to intensity, unraveling the intricate relationship between atmospheric rivers and precipitation. The book also focus on the intersection of ARs with large-scale climate oscillations, such as El Niño and La Niña events, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The chapters help understand how these climate phenomena influence AR behavior, offering a nuanced perspective on climate modeling and prediction. The book also covers artificial intelligence (AI) applications, from pattern recognition to prediction modeling and early warning systems. A case study on AR prediction using deep learning models exemplifies the practical applications of AI in this domain. The book culminates by underscoring the interdisciplinary nature of AR research and the synergy between atmospheric science, climatology, and artificial intelligence

An award-winning text introducing the latest operational hydrometeorological forecasting and warning techniques for flood, drought, reservoir, hydropower, irrigation, water supply and water pollution applications. Hydrometeorology: Forecasting and Applications is the latest edition of this award-winning book intended for practicing engineers and scientists. It also provides useful background for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in engineering, earth sciences, environmental sciences, geography, meteorology and hydrology. Operational examples include applications from the USA, UK, the Netherlands, Bangladesh and Nepal. Throughout, there is a focus on end-to-end warning systems, forecast uncertainty and risk-based and impact-based approaches. Hydrological forecasting topics include rainfall-runoff, flow routing, data assimilation, forecast verification and ensemble techniques. There are also updates to the text on weather radar, satellite precipitation estimates, hydrometry, low cost monitoring, numerical weather prediction, demand forecasting and dissemination of warnings, including the role of social media and citizen science. Applications include national and community based flood warning systems, flash flood guidance, famine and drought early warning systems, reservoir operations, and surface water, debris flow, ice jam, bathing water and harmful algal bloom alerts. Seasonal forecasting, land surface and global hydrological models are now discussed in more detail, including the opportunities from ‘Big Data'and artificial intelligence, and a new chapter discusses approaches to predicting the hydrological impacts of climate change. The extensive sets of references have been revised and updated. “There are few books that have ever attempted to discuss all aspects of hydrometeorology in one volume. This one does so.” From a review of the 1st edition in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Kevin Sene FRGS, FRMetS, CEng (MICE) is a scientist and writer with wide experience in flood risk management, water resources and hydrometeorology. His previous publications include books on flood warning, forecasting and emergency response and flash flood forecasting and warning (Springer, 2008, 2013).