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Purpose: This narrative review explores papers published in peer-reviewed journals reporting research from a practice research module of a qualifying program to examine their potential contribution to knowledge in mental health social work. Methods: A narrative review was undertaken according to the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews of papers published by the first three cohorts of a practice research module. Results: Eleven papers were included in the review which found, for example, some deficits in practitioners' knowledge, confidence and understanding. The studies were modest and had some common limitations, but a high number of online views indicate that the papers have the potential to impact on practice. Conclusion: This review found that it is possible to use a practice research module of a qualifying program to train social workers to undertake and publish high-quality research which has the potential to influence policy or practice beyond a students' own learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The First 1000 Days (the period from conception to a child's second birthday) is an important developmental period. However, little is known about experiences of parents with refugee and migrant backgrounds during this period. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Publications were identified through searches of the Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus databases, critically appraised, and synthesised using thematic analysis. A total of 35 papers met inclusion criteria. Depressive symptomatology was consistently higher than global averages, however maternal depression conceptualisations differed across studies. Several papers reported changes in relationship dynamics as a result of having a baby post-migration. Consistent relationships were found between social and health support and wellbeing. Conceptualisations of wellbeing may differ among migrant families. Limited understanding of health services and relationships with health providers may impede help-seeking. Several research gaps were identified, particularly in relation to the wellbeing of fathers, and of parents of children over 12 months old. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dementia occurring before age 65 is known as young-onset dementia (YOD), with Alzheimer's disease being the most common type. YOD poses unique challenges for persons and families, impacting their working-age years and family responsibilities. Person-centered interventions and services are essential to improve their quality of life and social engagement. Objective: This study aims to synthesize non-pharmacological interventions for persons with YOD and their families to inform future targeted interventions. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search across four databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and CINAHL. The included articles were carefully screened, categorized, and synthesized by following Arksey and O'Malley's five stages framework. Results: We included 20 studies reported in 24 papers, with 11 studies (14 papers) on persons with YOD and nine studies (10 papers) on families. Quantitative intervention results vary, but qualitative interviews show positive feedback. Stakeholders provided positive evaluations, stating these interventions provided a sense of normalcy, facilitated communication among families, enhanced the independence of persons with YOD, and improved the families' caregiving self-efficacy, thereby reducing care burden and psychological distress. The heterogeneity among the studies posed integration challenges. Conclusions: Interventions for YOD can improve the quality of life for both persons with YOD and their families. More extensive intervention studies are urgently needed, especially in developing countries, with a focus on family-centered and life course perspectives. In future intervention research design, a more extensive incorporation of stakeholder involvement is essential for successful implementation. Moreover, the integration of new technologies shows promise as a potential avenue for intervention advancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the diversity and unpredictability of changes in malicious code, studying the traceability of variant families remains challenging. In this paper, we propose a GAN-EfficientNetV2-based method for tracing families of malicious code variants. This method leverages the similarity in layouts and textures between images of malicious code variants from the same source and their original family of malicious code images. The method includes a lightweight classifier and a simulator. The classifier utilizes the enhanced EfficientNetV2 to categorize malicious code images and can be easily deployed on mobile, embedded, and other devices. The simulator utilizes an enhanced generative adversarial network to simulate different variants of malicious code and generates datasets to validate the model's performance. This process helps identify model vulnerabilities and security risks, facilitating model enhancement and development. The classifier achieves 98.61% and 97.59% accuracy on the MMCC dataset and Malevis dataset, respectively. The simulator's generated image of malicious code variants has an FID value of 155.44 and an IS value of 1.72 ± 0.42. The classifier's accuracy for tracing the family of malicious code variants is as high as 90.29%, surpassing that of mainstream neural network models. This meets the current demand for high generalization and anti-obfuscation abilities in malicious code classification models due to the rapid evolution of malicious code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The article addresses the impact of religiosity on family formation and, in the longer run, on human capital accumulation. It proposes to see religiosity as indirect but important factor in the perspective of economic development. Design/methodology/approach: Most often human capital is associated with education and health care. It is less frequently attributed to the influence of the family. The paper juxtaposes literature showing how religiosity influences family and how functioning of the family impacts human capital development with presentation of original empirical data on family attitudes and plans of young generation of Poles. Findings: (1) The article presents the results of research indicating, that (1) family is important for the creation of human capital, (2) religiosity is beneficial to the stability of the family condition. (2) On the basis of empirical survey, the article offers evidence that religiosity is a key feature differentiating young people's attitudes towards marriage, family and parenthood. Research limitations/implications: It is recommended to develop further research oriented towards examining the relationship between religiosity, family and human capital outcomes. Practical implications: On the basis of analysis presented in the article it is important - in the perspective of demographic decline and its economic consequences – to study how changes in culture (incl. religiosity) – influence family and human capital development. This is useful for designing social and demographic policies. Social implications: The article broadens knowledge of the role of religiosity for human capital development, enriching the area of research on the impact of religion and family on economy. The findings improve public opinion’ understanding of the role of religious practices and institutions in strengthening the social fabric and economic performance. Originality/value: The paper offers new proposal to link research on the role of religiosity for the condition of the family to the analysis of the influence of family on human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After having gained prominence in the late 20th century, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a critical business aspect, adopted widely across the corporate landscape. Although family firms play a significant global role, research on their relationship with CSR performance remains sparse and inconclusive. This paper seeks to bridge this gap by employing the primary classification of family firms, the socioemotional wealth perspective, and its FIBER model to examine their influence on CSR performance. The focus is on Canadian public companies listed on the S&P/TSX Composite Index from 2014 to 2022. Utilizing the NBC Canadian Family Index, the findings suggest that family firms exhibit superior CSR performance compared to their non-family counterparts. Further analyses indicate that family firms with greater control and influence by family members, those named after the family, those with strong emotional ties, and first-generation family firms tend to have enhanced CSR performance. By developing a socioemotional wealth score through FIBER dimensions to classify family firms, this study underscores the association of family firms with higher CSR performance, validating the robustness of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: Open Dialogue was developed in Finland in the 1980s by clinical psychologist, Jaakko Seikkula. It is a development of family therapy, recognises previous trauma and has proven to be very effective in situations of acute mental illness, and in particular psychosis.Trauma Informed Care is a practice based on the understanding of and responsiveness to the impact of trauma. When people have experienced trauma, they may have difficulties in their everyday life and experience negative physical health outcomes as well as the risk of developing mental ill health.Open Dialogue is aligned to mental health care which aims to be trauma‐informed, person‐centred and rights‐based. Examples exist of the use of both approaches for service delivery with limited evaluation. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: To our knowledge, no formal evaluation has been made of the use of open dialogue as a Trauma Informed therapy approach to support individuals and their family networks.Although both approaches recognise the impact of trauma on individuals, no study has explored the effectiveness of this treatment combination for use by mental health nurses.This review is timely as it provides insights into contemporary services that are trauma informed and have used Open Dialogue to extend therapy work with individuals and their family/networks.This scoping review was able to determine whether recommendations for clinical practice and training in Open Dialogue with Trauma Informed Care approaches could be identified. What are the implications for practice?: This review provided a broad overview on the current types of trauma‐informed care services incorporating Open Dialogue approaches into their practice.The literature, though sparce, identifies that Trauma Informed Care recognises multiple origins for mental ill health. Open dialogue has an affinity with the common values of mental health nurses. As combined therapies, they are demonstrating usefulness in engaging families and people in their journey towards recovery.Rigid adherence to Open Dialogue focus and delivery as well as training practices could be revised to make them more open to what people and their families wish to discuss. The person with mental ill health and previous trauma should be able to direct the narrative. Trauma Informed Practice principles could be adapted to improve consumer satisfaction with Open Dialogue approaches. Introduction: A large proportion of people who access mental health services have a lived experienced of trauma and are more likely to have a history of complex trauma. Open Dialogue and Trauma Informed Care practices identify previous trauma as a factor related to later psychosis. This scoping review has identified similarities and contrasts in how an Open Dialogue and Trauma Informed Care approach have been combined to complement one another for clinical work with people presenting with psychosis and previous trauma. Aim: We aimed to answer the following research question in this scoping review: What is known of the combined use of Open Dialogue and Trauma Informed Care practice when working with consumers and their family networks? As such, the purpose of this paper was to explore the application to practice and identify if any training existed and been evaluated. Method: This scoping review was based on the Arksey and O'Malley's framework. A comprehensive search was performed across five electronic databases. Grey literature was also searched through Psyche Info and Google Scholar for books, Dissertation and Theses, alongside hand searching of the reference of the studies. Articles searched was from January 2013 to January 2023. Results: Five distinct themes were identified from the literature: (1) Linking open dialogue with trauma, (2) Response to treatment, (3) Empowerment and information sharing, (4) Interpretation by clinical services, (5) Staff training outcomes. Discussion: Some tentative recommendations for practice recognised the individuals' unique story and perspective, suggested that trauma is an important concept to assess. Services practising as Trauma Informed Services that have incorporated an Open Dialogue approach have mixed experiences. The use of Open Dialogue may have some benefits for family work and exploring consumer narratives while building a network of support. However, consumers identified similar frustrations with service delivery as with the family therapy literature. For example, it was difficult to bring family members together and difficult to discuss previous traumatic events in front of family. People experiencing training in Open Dialogue reported it taking a slow pace and not what they were familiar with. Implications for Practice: Open Dialogue can facilitate engagement of consumers and their family networks and greater recognition of the peer workforce to promote collaboration in therapy is needed. Future research should also focus on evaluating the effectiveness of such services and comparing their outcomes across regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the challenges faced by biographers in accurately portraying the life of J.R.R. Tolkien. The author highlights the restrictions imposed by the Tolkien family on accessing personal information and papers, which has resulted in shallow and incomplete biographies. They argue for a more comprehensive biography that includes unrestricted access to all of Tolkien's papers, emphasizing the importance of digitizing the collection for public access. The article raises questions about the qualifications and intentions of previous biographers and calls for a change in approach to present a more accurate portrayal of Tolkien's life and its influence on his famous works. [Extracted from the article]

The children have a right to live in a family unit with their parents, and in this aspect, they are provided all the rights that come out of the parenting relations. However, not all children are given the chance to grow up in a healthy and safe family, which represents a misfortune throughout history and is still evident in modern times. Acknowledging that not all children are equally fortunate, we recognize the plight of those who, through circumstances unrelated to their own actions, are excluded from family life. This paper provides fundamental data proving that through the institution of adoption, these children are provided with security, familial love, and parental care. This paper analyzes all the facts that result in the conclusion that the adoption, as a legal institution, makes it possible that the adopted children are provided a family life that in absence of biological parents, is given to them by the adoptive parents. Parents are not only those who give birth to the child, parents are also the people that give the adoptive children family love and care, as well as help them in all the stages of their lives. The paper emphasizes that the adoption has a multidimensional importance and purposes: for the adopted children, for the parents who adopt, and for the society as well as for the biological parents that do not have means to take care of their children or for another reason abandon their children.. Knowing the genetic background is also raised as an important issue in the paper. The child's right to know their identity is emphasized in cases of adoption, artificial reproduction, when fertilization is done with donated genetic material, and in cases of children born out of wedlock. In these situations, the child's biological status does not match their legal status because the child is not genetically related to their legal parents. Related to this, the paper examines several court cases from the European Court of Human Rights, which has frequently ruled on violations of the right to privacy and family life in the context of the child's right to know their biological origin. The paper also highlights the legal barriers and gaps in the Republic of North Macedonia that prevent adopted children from obtaining information about their genetic identity. These barriers are inconsistent with international documents ratified by the Republic of North Macedonia. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the need to remove from the Family legislation the institution of incomplete adoption, which has been shown in legal practice to be ineffective in establishing a family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Under the background of continuous sluggishness of the real economy and expansion of asset sectors, the Chinese economy exists a trend of "from the real to the virtual." Managing the corporate financialization is the key to prevent the real economy "from real to virtual." The paper explores the influence of family involvement on corporate financialization since family firms are an important proportion of real sectors. Design/methodology/approach: Based on Socioemotional Wealth Theory, this paper makes empirical study using the data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2022 to explore the influence of family involvement on corporate financialization, mainly from the perspectives of family engagement, family identity of CEO and family control power. Findings: These are the findings: (1) Family engagement will inhibit corporate financialization; (2) Compared with employing external managers, family members acting as CEOs will decrease corporate financialization; (3) The proportion of family ownership is negatively correlated with the level of corporate financialization. Originality/value: The originality of this paper include these: (1) Analyzing the differences in the financialization of real enterprises with different characteristics and attributes; (2) Expanding the research on the internal motivation of the financialization of the real enterprises, and supplementing the research literature on family firms and corporate financialization; (3) Exploring the internal influence mechanism of financialization of family firms under the background of Chinese culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Advance care planning discussions are crucial in the management and support of individuals with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions. Few studies have examined best practices for advance care planning with adolescents and young adults. Aim: To identify core components of current guidelines, frameworks and tools for advance care planning discussions with adolescents and young adults with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions and their families. Design: A scoping review of the literature was conducted followed by a thematic analysis of the included papers. The scoping review was reported according to the Joanna Briggs Institute approach to the conduct of scoping reviews. Data sources: Five databases [Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycInfo, PubMed and Scopus] were searched for English-language papers published between inception until January 2023. Results: The search yielded 2976 papers, of which 9 met the inclusion criteria. Five main themes were identified: (i) utilisation of standardised documents and protocols; (ii) shared decision-making between the adolescents and young adults, their families and the healthcare team; (iii) the importance of open and honest communication with adolescents and young adults during advance care planning discussions; (iv) individualisation and flexibility in the advance care planning process and (v) timing of advance care planning initiation. Conclusions: Results highlight the importance of engaging adolescents and young adults in advance care planning and considering their unique needs when initiating and framing these discussions. Our findings can be used by healthcare professionals to inform advance care planning in this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A family F ⊂ P (n) is r-wisek-intersecting if | A 1 ∩ ⋯ ∩ A r | ≥ k for any A 1 , ⋯ , A r ∈ F . It is easily seen that if F is r-wise k-intersecting for r ≥ 2 , k ≥ 1 then | F | ≤ 2 n - 1 . The problem of determining the maximum size of a family F that is both r 1 -wise k 1 -intersecting and r 2 -wise k 2 -intersecting was raised in 2019 by Frankl and Kupavskii (Combinatorica 39:1255–1266, 2019). They proved the surprising result that, for (r 1 , k 1) = (3 , 1) and (r 2 , k 2) = (2 , 32) then this maximum is at most 2 n - 2 , and conjectured the same holds if k 2 is replaced by 3. In this paper we shall not only prove this conjecture but we shall also determine the exact maximum for (r 1 , k 1) = (3 , 1) and (r 2 , k 2) = (2 , 3) for all n. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let p \geq 7 be a prime number. Let S(3) denote the third Morava stabilizer algebra. In recent years, Kato-Shimomura and Gu-Wang-Wu found several families of nontrivial products in the stable homotopy ring of spheres \pi _* (S) using H^{*,*} (S(3)). In this paper, we determine all nontrivial products in \pi _* (S) of the Greek letter family elements \alpha _s, \beta _s, \gamma _s and Cohen's elements \zeta _n which are detectable by H^{*,*} (S(3)). In particular, we show \beta _1 \gamma _s \zeta _n \neq 0 \in \pi _*(S), if n \equiv 2 mod 3, s \not \equiv 0, \pm 1 mod p. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatial resources and environmental problems caused by population growth are increasingly becoming the focus of global concern. The environmental sustainability of building products has become the research frontier of the industry. Previous research has proved that 25% of energy consumption comes from daily use, and realizing low-energy design based on the whole life cycle is of great significance to promoting the transformation of the building industry. This paper focuses on the wasteful energy consumption problem caused by the changes in residents' behavioral requirements due to the changes in family structure. Based on the family life cycle analysis, this paper explores the mechanism of residents' behavioral requirements and spatial function changes at each stage to clarify the relationship between residents' behavior and building energy consumption. Then, by controlling factors, including Light Correction Coefficient, Effective Daylight Area, window-to-ground ratio, and window-to-wall ratio, and applying the passive design methodology, this paper establishes the zero-energy home opening design guidelines based on the family life cycle. This research guides designers in the design of zero-energy house openings and, at the same time, provides new perspectives for related research in the field of building energy consumption, which helps to promote the sustainable development of the field of architectural design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consider a simple graph G without K2 component with vertex set V and edge set E. A local antimagic labeling f of G is a one-to-one mapping of edges to distinct positive integers 1, 2, ..., |E| such that the weights of adjacent vertices are distinct, where weight of a vertex is sum of labels assigned to the edges incident to it. These weights of the vertex induced by local antimagic labeling result in a proper vertex coloring of the graph G. The local antimagic chromatic number of G, denoted as χla(G), as the smallest number of distinct weights obtained across all possible local antimagic labelings of G. In this paper, we explore the local antimagic chromatic numbers of various classes of graphs, including the union of certain graph families, the corona product of graphs, and the necklace graph. In addition, we provide constructions for infinitely many graphs for which χla(G) equals the chromatic number χ(G) of the graph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the relationship between access to early childhood education and care (ECEC) services and family arrangements in the distribution of work in four Latin American countries. We find that households in which all children aged 0 to 5 receive ECEC services exhibit smaller gender gaps in unpaid work, mainly due to a decrease in the amount of time women devote to care work. Women in these households devote more time to paid work, such that the gender gap in total work does not differ between households based on use of ECEC services. However, use of ECEC services for children aged 0 to 5 is associated with reduced hours of unpaid work among women and an increase in women's hours of paid work. These findings confirm the importance of increasing access to early childhood care and education services to reduce gender gaps in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This bibliometric study scrutinizes the corpus of scientific output within the Web of Science pertaining to familial satisfaction among parents raising children with intellectual disabilities, focusing specifically on the milieu of educational inclusion. The analysis discerns a discernible ascension in scholarly interest in this domain, encapsulating 77 papers emanating from 75 journals, incorporating an aggregate of 3,497 cited references. Our investigation delineated 354 researchers across 39 nations, underscoring the transnational purview of this scholarly endeavor. The United States emerged as the pre-eminent contributor, with Canada and the United Kingdom following suit. Collaboration on an international scale was notably led by the US, with the UK and Australia trailing in tandem. Prominent institutions were identified for their scholarly output; the University of Kansas led with four papers, followed closely by Monash University, University of California Los Angeles, and University of California Riverside, each contributing three papers. Of particular note, the University of Kansas accrued 250 global citations (TGCS). A total of 75 journals were encompassed in this study. The Journal of Intellectual Disability Research emerged as the vanguard with four published papers, closely trailed by Child Care Health and Development and Exceptional Children. Notably, the latter boasted the highest impact factor (JCR = 4.09; Q1). In summation, this review proffers a meticulous and expansive overview of extant scholarship concerning the experiences of families rearing children with disabilities within the inclusive education framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the Foucauldian policy analysis framework developed by Bacchi (2009) and building on insights distilled from a study of discourses on the microblogging SNS, Twitter, this paper makes three novel contributions. It unravels how the impact of imprisonment on families is represented in or produced through policy discourses and other governance practices. It also demonstrates how SNS affordances enable affected families to resist and challenge the discourses and proffer alternatives strategies that can inform a transformational problematization model. The paper makes a third contribution by demonstrating how a methodologically innovative triangulation of computational and social science methods can be used to study the contributions of hard-to-reach populations such as the families of people in prison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The United States is increasingly recognizing period product insecurity, insufficient access to menstrual products and limited private spaces for managing menstruation due to financial constraints, as an issue impacting the well-being and dignity of Americans. One strategy to address period product insecurity has been distributing free period products via period supply banks. The outcomes of period product distribution outside the school setting are absent from the literature. Objectives: This study, a formative evaluation of the free period product distribution efforts of the Alliance for Period Supplies, aims to identify (1) characteristics of individuals receiving products from period supply banks and their experiences of period product insecurity and (2) health and social outcomes experienced by recipients of free period products. Design: Survey data collection occurred at two points: baseline and one-year follow-up. All study participants provided verbal consent. Methods: Between Fall 2018 and Spring 2020, 1863 baseline and 80 follow-up surveys were administered. Participants received free period products for themselves and/or a household member from one of 20 participating Alliance for Period Supplies period supply banks directly or from one of their 64 partner agencies. Results: At baseline, 72.4% of participants had to choose between buying period products and another basic need. One year after accessing a period supply bank, 36.3% of participants reported this experience (p = 0.018). Participants reported at baseline, on average, 7.8 days in the past year of avoiding seeing others, canceling appointments, or skipping work or school because they did not have access to period products. At follow-up, this was reduced to 1.2 days, on average, t (68) = 2.214, p < 0.05. Conclusion: Period supply banks play an essential role in facilitating access to period products and the resulting benefits. Our study highlights the need for sustainable, well-funded policies and interventions to address period product insecurity effectively in society. Plain Language Summary: How people in the United States benefit when they get free period products from a period supply bank Why we did this study: In the United States, many individuals cannot afford to buy period supplies and the other stuff they need to live. Period supply banks want to help by giving them free period products. Researchers do not know if getting free period products is helpful for individuals. What we wanted to learn: The Alliance for Period Supplies is a membership program for period supply banks. We wanted to learn about the individuals who get free period products and whether getting them was helpful. What we did: For a year, starting in Fall 2018, we asked 1863 individuals to fill out paper surveys. A year later, we asked 80 of those same individuals to fill out a second survey. We asked participants to take the survey if they got free period products from a period supply bank for themselves or someone they live with. Individuals only participated in the study if they told us they wanted to. What we learned: Individuals who cannot afford period products must navigate difficult decisions between purchasing products or choosing other basic needs. Providing free products through a period supply bank has lessened the burden on these individuals, reducing the number who had to choose. Individuals unable to afford period products may sometimes opt out of going places they want to go for pleasure or miss important events, like work or school, because they do not have period products. Getting free period products has eased these challenges, letting individuals participate more fully in activities and engagements without worry about period products. Why is this important: Period supply banks are essential places where individuals receive free period products. The period supply banks need more individuals, including our government, to donate period supplies or money to buy them so they can help more individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commitment to culturally sensitive practice is an ethical obligation that requires knowledge and skills specific to the practice context. Research shows that incorporating religion and spirituality into mental health practice is central to working effectively with Muslim communities. Practitioners need to consider the unique positionality and intersectionality when promoting mental health among Muslim women living in Western countries. This paper explores the trauma-informed, counseling approach and the integration of spirituality and religion when working with Muslim women living in Western Australia. Using the critical reflection approach, the research focuses on the concept of guilt about mental health and summarizes the main points considered in the counseling framework such as the centrality of spirituality and religion in perceiving guilt. The paper presents some practical strategies to incorporate cultural, religious, and spiritual concepts into the counseling relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to (1) introduce the emergent concept of the retrograde plunge experienced by people living with Alzheimer's disease and (2) illustrate how nurses can accompany those experiencing this phenomenon, as well as their family and formal carers, using the seven‐phase inquiry process proposed by Smith and Liehr. Design: Discursive paper. Methods: After describing the phenomenon and the Story Theory, the 7‐phase Inquiry Process presents the fictional story of Mrs. Lurie, a nursing home resident. Results: Story theory allows nurses to accompany Mrs. Lurie. The emergent concept of retrograde plunge is explained. Different tools such as genograms, story paths and eco‐maps are presented. This discussion demonstrates how some perspectives can contribute to a better description of the retrograde plunge phenomenon. The narrative care approach can help give voices to people experiencing retrograde phenomena. The adoption of a perspective that considers embodied language could help to better understand the needs of a person. Conclusion: There is a lack of consistency and uniformity regarding the understanding of the retrograde phenomenon. This impacts the quality of care for people and the scientific knowledge, research and education of healthcare professionals. This issue should be addressed in future studies. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: This article shows how story theory helps nurses accompany those facing a retrograde plunge phenomenon, helps them tell their own stories and finds a way to resolve the situation. Impact: This article paves the way for further developments that must now be realized by the international community of experts involved in the care of people with Alzheimer's disease, from practical, academic and research perspectives. No Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public was involved in the design or drafting of the discursive paper. What Problem did the Study Address?: The retrograde plunge is a phenomenon in which people living with Alzheimer's disease return to their past lives and re‐experience with certain events.The retrograde plunge is a well‐known concept that is poorly described in scientific literature and is sometimes misunderstood by families and professional caregivers.This discursive article explains the retrograde plunge phenomenon experienced by people living with Alzheimer's disease. What were the Main Findings?: This article demonstrates how story theory helps nurses and families support people with retrograde plunges.This highlights the lack of consistency and uniformity in this phenomenon, which has implications for the quality of care, education and research.Story theory and the seven‐phase inquiry process proposed by Smith and Liehr (in Middle‐range theory for nursing, Springer Publishing Company, 2023) help to better understand and explain the retrograde plunge phenomenon. Where and on Whom will the Research have an Impact?: This article advances nurses' knowledge in the different fields of practice, teaching and research.This article proposes links among the retrograde plunge phenomenon, embodied language and narrative care approach; this could offer further ways to develop nursing knowledge.This study has the potential to advance the knowledge of practice and education and offers new opportunities for research. Trial and Protocol Registration: There was no trial or protocol registration as this article is a discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike adoption and donor-assisted reproduction, misattributed paternity occurring within the context of spontaneous conception and outside of formally recognised practices of having a child remains largely an understudied phenomenon. Despite being an age-old phenomenon affecting a substantial population, the psychosocial consequences of disclosing and discovering misattributed paternity continue to lack empirical understanding. The current paper delineates misattributed paternity from other paternal discrepancies and reviews the limited body of scholarly arguments regarding the potential psychosocial consequences of disclosure/non-disclosure for individuals with paternal discrepancy. Four major categories of pro- and anti-disclosure arguments have been identified and reviewed: arguments concerned with potential disclosure/non-disclosure consequences for the child; for the parents; for the child-parent relationship and for the family unit. The review highlights the dearth of empirical knowledge on the psychosocial consequences of misattributed paternity and advocates a more nuanced exploration of this phenomenon and the need for specialist support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xu Chunfu was a famous medical expert in the Ming Dynasty, who authored the Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan and the Yi Xue Zhi Nan Jie Jing Liu Shu. This paper uses the Xu family genealogy, literature catalog, historical records to study the Xu family's life and deeds. Xu Chunfu was born in the second year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1523) and passed away in the 24th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1596). He served as an official in the Tai Hospital for about 20 years. His work Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan was written around the 43rd year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1556), with a lower limit of the fifth year of the Longqing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1571), and the initial engraving time was not earlier than the eighth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1580). This paper corrects the shortcomings and errors in previous research, and provides a comprehensive and systematic examination of Xu Chunfu's life and works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the constitutional perspective of surrogacy in Colombia and identifies four key elements relevant to its analysis. It analyzes the autonomy of will as the basis of the surrogacy agreement; incorporation of the international principle of the child's best interests in surrogacy; guarantee of the fundamental rights of the participants in the surrogacy agreement, especially sexual and reproductive rights; and impact of surrogacy in the constitutional idea of family. Finally, the paper considers the situations wherein the constitutional elements may come into dispute. The potential legal regulation of surrogate motherhood represents a challenge for the legal system, as it involves various constitutional values, principles, and rights that may contradict each other in the practical development of the concept. This paper reveals what these values, principles, and rights entail and how they are defined within the framework of surrogacy, thereby contributing to the debate on the optimal legal framework of the full validity of these values, principles, and rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines Hirokazu Koreeda’s auteurism through his focus on dysfunctional families. A documentarian background grants him a raw, naturalistic style in portraying family dynamics. His slow-paced narratives, featuring recurring actors and themes of love, loss, and unconventional bonds, are exemplified in Nobody Knows (2004), Our Little Sister (2015), and Shoplifters (2018). Koreeda reinterprets the “shomin-geki” genre, injecting darker tones and social commentary compared to Yasujiro Ozu’s influence. His unique use of mise-en-scène, including cyclical narratives and static shots, emphasizes time’s passage and life’s impermanence. By analyzing these recurring elements, this paper argues for Koreeda’s distinct auteurism, evident in his consistent style and exploration of the human condition through his portrayal of flawed family narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the question of the relative contribution of spouses to the long-term care (LTC) needs of their dependent parents and parents in-law. Starting from a theoretical model and using SHARE data, the paper focuses on the role of gender and blood relationships as well as the effect of differential opportunity costs within the couple. The results tend to confirm the existence of gender and blood biases in the level of informal care provided by each spouse, while their wage does not seem to play a large role. When we consider the relative level of informal care by spouses, the gender and blood biases are confirmed. Furthermore, the wage ratio is negatively related to the informal care ratio. These results imply that informal care and private insurance coverage may depend on the gender composition of children, which may justify differentiated public LTC transfers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While goal setting with children and their families is considered best practice during rehabilitation following acquired brain injury, its successful implementation in an interdisciplinary team is not straightforward. This paper describes the application of a theoretical framework to understand factors influencing goal setting with children and their families in a large interdisciplinary rehabilitation team. Methods: A semi-structured focus group was conducted with rehabilitation clinicians and those with lived experience of paediatric acquired brain injury (ABI). The 90-min focus group was audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were thematically coded and mapped against the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to understand influencing factors, which were then linked to the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation – Behaviour (COM-B) model. Results: A total of 11 participants (nine paediatric rehabilitation clinicians, one parent and one young person with lived experience of paediatric ABI) participated in the focus group. Factors influencing collaborative goal setting mapped to the COM-B and six domains of the TDF: Capabilities (Skills, Knowledge, Beliefs about capabilities, and Behavioural regulation), Opportunities (Environmental context and resources), and Motivation (Social/professional role and identity). Results suggest that a multifaceted intervention is needed to enhance rehabilitation clinicians' and families' skills and knowledge of goal setting, restructure the goal communication processes, and clarify the roles clinicians play in goal setting within the interdisciplinary team. Conclusion: The use of the TDF and COM-B enabled a systematic approach to understanding the factors influencing goal setting for children with acquired brain injury in a large interdisciplinary rehabilitation team, and develop a targeted, multifaceted intervention for clinical use. These represent important considerations for the improvement of collaborative goal setting in paediatric rehabilitation services to ensure that best practice approaches to goal setting are implemented effectively in clinical practice. While goal setting with children and their families is considered best practice during rehabilitation following acquired brain injury, its successful implementation in an interdisciplinary team is not straightforward. This paper describes the application of a theoretical framework to understand factors influencing goal setting with children and their families in a large interdisciplinary rehabilitation team. This article belongs to the Collection Clinical Implementation to Optimise Outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of European Journal of Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we propose a unified concept encompassing generalizations of two types of families defined based on Levine's notions of generalized closed sets and Maki's  Λ  sets. The methods used in this investigation are described in my previous work, where a unified concept of general closedness is presented. From a methodology point of view, the present concept is symmetric to the previous. In generalizing open subsets, one can use the two methods. According to the first one, the family of Levine's generalization is used as some base to build the family of closed subsets of the new topology. In the second method, the family of open subsets is extended, in the same way, as the family of closed subsets in the classic Levine's method. The results obtained in this general conception easily extend and imply well-known theorems of this area of investigation. In the literature on this issue, many versions of generalizations of  Λ -sets have been investigated. The tools used in this paper enabled us to prove that there exist at most 10 generalizations of these types, and we show the relationships between them in the graph. As a result, it turns out that some generalizations investigated in the literature are trivial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women have always been an important part of literature, no matter how were they presented. They are key characters in the development of the plots in works of all literary periods and literary movements. They are presented as victims, villains, weak, strong, intelligent, and sacrificing. This paper will bring a comparative outlook how women are presented in Bloody Chamber and American Psycho. Both Carter in Bloody Chamber and Ellis in American Psycho have women as main protagonists, and no matter these works belong to the postmodernist period, the images of women have a lot of traces from the earliest times. It means, we see women as victims of patriarchal society and families, we see them as sexually submissive and undervalued gender. They try to point out if these women are able to do something to change the way their actions and behavior are judged and how the society views them. This paper gives a comparative outline of these famous literary works, presenting a part of English and American Literature. This is what is presented in this paper, hoping that it will give a glimpse of not only women, their role and position in the society, but the whole society as well, presented in British and American literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigacion & Educacion en Enfermeria is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Enfermeria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fingerprint patterns are unique and reliable for identification. This research paper focuses on a comparative analysis to determine the inheritance of fingerprint patterns within Indian families. The sample collection process for this comparative analysis involved working with 10 families. The study aims to gain insights into the hereditary aspects of fingerprint characteristics among the Indian population. The research methodology involves the collection of fingerprints and the analysis of patterns using microscopes, magnifying lenses, and software. The results reveal both class and individual characteristics within fingerprints, contributing to our understanding of dermatoglyphics. The average class characteristics percentage totals around 71.5%, with an average individual characteristic percentage of approximately 13.6%. The research has implications for forensic investigations, genetics, and personal identification systems. Further studies with larger sample sizes and genetic analysis integration are recommended for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study examined the preliminary effects of a nurse‐led self‐management education and support programme on the self‐management behaviours and quality of life among people with type 2 diabetes in Western Ethiopia. Methods: A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted between January and August 2021. Participants were recruited in the hospital and randomly assigned to the control arm to continue usual care (n = 38) or the intervention arm to receive usual care and the diabetes self‐management education and support programme (n = 38) in the community. Self‐management behaviours and quality of life were assessed using a 10‐item summary of diabetes self‐care activity (expanded) scale and a 34‐item diabetes quality of life measure, respectively, at baseline and 2 months after follow‐up. Generalized estimating equation models were used to examine the preliminary effects of the programme on the outcomes. Results: Preliminary results indicated that the programme outperformed usual care in self‐management practise, with large effect sizes immediately postintervention and at 2 months after the intervention, and quality of life at 2 months after the intervention. Conclusion: A nurse‐led diabetes self‐management education and support intervention, including the families of people with diabetes, may be an option to boost the self‐management practise and quality of life of patients with diabetes. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Family‐supported diabetes self‐management education intervention produced inconclusive effects on self‐management behaviour and quality of life. What this paper adds? A social‐cognitive theory‐guided, culture‐tailored, and community‐based diabetes self‐management education and support programme resulted in a preliminary effect on improving self‐management behaviour and quality of life.A nurse‐led diabetes self‐management education and support programme intervention, including the families of patients, may be an option to boost the self‐management practise and quality of life of people with diabetes. The implications of this paper: Culturally tailored diabetes self‐management education and support programme could be an option to improve self‐management behaviour and enhance quality of life.Community‐based nurse‐delivered diabetes self‐management education and support can improve self‐management behaviours and enhance quality of life in 2 months duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Parental advocacy is an emerging area of research and policy interest in Wales and across the UK. Although there is little research in the UK context to date, international research has indicated that parental advocacy can improve the relationship between parent and professional in the field of child protection social work. This paper aims to ascertain how the implementation of a parental advocacy programme supports parents to play a meaningful role in decision-making when children's services are working with them and their families. Design/methodology/approach: This study used interviews, surveys and focus groups to obtain qualitative data from 18 parents, seven parent advocates, two advocacy managers and four social workers, to explore the potential impact of parental advocacy on decision-making. The study identified challenges in implementing parental advocacy, particularly relating to awareness of the service. Participants also discussed experiences of the child protection system and how parents are supported by advocates. Findings: Despite challenges surrounding implementation, initial findings were encouraging, and generated examples of how parental advocacy services have helped parents to understand children's services and develop relationships of trust with social care professionals. In doing so, this study identified potential mechanisms that may be useful to support future service delivery. Originality/value: This paper and research is novel as it explores parental advocacy within the Welsh context. Although there has been research conducted into parental advocacy, this has largely come from the USA. This research comes from the evaluation of an innovative and promising parental advocacy scheme in Wales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Filosofija, Sociologija is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper is divided into three parts. First, we analyze data from the 2016-2020 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau to assess the demographic structure of Florida families. We find differences between Florida and other parts of the United States. These differences are the result of trends and patterns in migration to, from and within the state. Second, we examine the role that disasters in general and hurricanes in particular play in the family life of Floridians. Third, we review the literature to assess how responses to the COVID-19 pandemic influenced family life and the migration of families into, out of, and within Florida. This paper highlights the dramatic changes that have occurred in family life in Florida. The implications of these trends are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we consider a family F of 2n-dimensional F q -linear rank metric codes in F q n × n arising from polynomials of the form x q s + δ x q n 2 + s ∈ F q n [ x ] . The family F was introduced by Csajbók et al. (JAMA 548:203–220) as a potential source for maximum rank distance (MRD) codes. Indeed, they showed that F contains MRD codes for n = 8 , and other subsequent partial results have been provided in the literature towards the classification of MRD codes in F for any n. In particular, the classification has been reached when n is smaller than 8, and also for n greater than 8 provided that s is small enough with respect to n. In this paper we deal with the open case n = 8 , providing a classification for any large enough odd prime power q. The techniques are from algebraic geometry over finite fields, since our strategy requires the analysis of certain 3-dimensional F q -rational algebraic varieties in a 7-dimensional projective space. We also show that the MRD codes in F are not equivalent to any other MRD codes known so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Bronze Age, the inhabitants of regions of Crete, mainland Greece, and Cyprus inscribed their languages using, among other scripts, a writing system called Linear A. These symbols, mainly characterized by combinations of lines, have, since their discovery, remained a mystery. Not only is the corpus very small, but it is challenging to link Minoan, the language behind Linear A, to any known language. Most decipherment attempts involve using the phonetic values of Linear B, a grammatological offspring of Linear A, to 'read' Linear A. However, this yields meaningless words. Recently, novel approaches to deciphering the script have emerged which involve a computational component. In this paper, two such approaches are combined to account for the biases involved in provisionally assigning Linear B phonetic values to Linear A and to shed more light on the possible connections of Linear A with other scripts and languages from the region. Additionally, the limitations inherent in such approaches are discussed. Firstly, a feature-based similarity measure is used to compare Linear A with the Carian Alphabet and the Cypriot Syllabary. A few Linear A symbols are matched with symbols from the Carian Alphabet and the Cypriot Syllabary. Finally, using the derived phonetic values, Linear A is compared with Ancient Egyptian, Luwian, Hittite, Proto-Celtic, and Uralic using a consonantal approach. Some possible word matches are identified from each language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper advances debates at the intersection of geographies of children, youth and families, digital geographies, and geographies of home. We argue that social, seasonal and limited time are vitally important for understanding the new landscape between gaming and gambling and have wider analytical purchase for geographers. This paper reveals parenting practices connected to the multi-billion-dollar industry of paid-for currency in digital games used to access gambling style systems and chance-based mechanisms such as loot boxes. We use this timely example to develop new digital geographies of home from original interviews with families based in England on their everyday lived experiences of gambling-style systems in digital games as well as data from video ethnographies with children and young people and interviews with international game designers. This paper challenges current understandings by examining how parents make sense of gambling-related harms and demonstrates the spatial and temporal dynamics of purchasing decisions, rules, and associated conflicts in domestic space. We argue these systems in digital games shape and are shaped by family geographies. This paper concludes by outlining its relevance for the social and health sciences at a time of intense legislative interest in the increasingly blurred space between gaming and gambling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Post-stroke patients constitute a large group suffering from disabilities that require rehabilitation long after discharge. Quality indicators (QIs) that specify the minimum expected standard of quality in outpatient rehabilitation could contribute to the valuation of the effectiveness of rehabilitation on decision-makers, health professionals, patients, and relatives. This review aims to identify QIs focusing on physiotherapists' outpatient rehabilitation of stroke patients. Materials and methods: The databases Cinahl, Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus were searched for publications, and the grey literature was also searched. Through a pragmatic appraisal and assessment with the modified AGREE II-QI instrument, relevant QIs were selected. Results: A total of 1129 papers were retrieved, and five papers presenting 91 QIs were included. Thirty-six QIs were considered relevant to physiotherapy in outpatient rehabilitation. The QIs cover structure, process, and outcome and concern basic mobility, spasticity, organisation and content of the training, patient-reported outcome measures, education of patients and relatives, and follow-up and goal setting. Conclusions: The study appraised 36 QIs relevant for outpatient rehabilitation of stroke survivors conducted by physiotherapists. A Delphi panel is required to develop the final set of QIs for physiotherapists and, subsequently, the development of a core set of multidisciplinary QIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The comparative study of housing decommodification lags behind classical welfare state research, while housing research itself is rich in homeownership studies but lacks comparative accounts of private and social rentals due to missing comparative data. Building on existing works and various primary sources, this study presents a new collection of up to forty-eight countries' social housing shares in stock and new construction since the first housing laws around 1900. The interpolated benchmark time series generally describes the rise and fall of social housing across a residual, a socialist, and a Northern-European housing group. The decline was steeper than for the classical welfare state, but the degree of erosion was surprisingly small in some countries where public housing associations remained resilient. Within the broader housing welfare state, social housing correlates positively with rent regulation and allowances, but negatively with homeownership subsidies and liberal mortgage regulation. A multivariate analysis shows that social housing is rather explained by housing shortages and complementarities with rental and welfare policies than by typical welfare state theories (GDP, political parties). Generally, the paper shows that conventional housing typologies are difficult to defend over time and argues more generally for including housing decommodification in welfare state research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars agree that understanding of family is incomplete without attention to context. Research and theory establish that neighborhoods are a proximal context for family life. However, research on the connections between neighborhoods and family processes remains limited in several ways. The overarching goal of this paper is to advance on existing knowledge of neighborhoods and families to elucidate key issues for future research. This paper begins with a brief review of existing theory and research on the connections between neighborhoods and families. Building on prior work, this paper then introduces a set of conceptually and methodologically driven questions that address limitations in: (1) how neighborhood qualities, as they relate to family wellbeing, are currently defined and measured, (2) how neighborhood effects are transmitted and if there are mutual influences between neighborhood and family processes, and (3) how transmission between neighborhoods and families varies according to sociocultural characteristics. These questions outline initial steps in clarifying and synthesizing previous conceptualizations and empirical study of neighborhoods and family dynamics. In addition, these ideas bring attention to understudied factors in research on neighborhoods and families and offer suggestions for future investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I reconstruct the networks of Babylonian urban dwellers during the reign of Darius I (522–486 BCE) based on 803 tablets from 10 private archives in Babylon. The main aim is to examine the structure and connectivity of the network that connected different urban families and groups of individuals outside the families. I focus on the positions individuals occupied within the network that yielded them the power to connect smaller parts of the network. The first approach used to identify and analyze these positions is the betweenness centrality measure. The second approach is the analytic concept of brokerage, the role of mediating between two or more individuals or communities that would otherwise have no connection to each other. I identify differences in the ways that the intermediate position of brokers affected the formation of the network. These brokerage roles resulted from families' strategies to increase their household wealth by constructing and optimizing marriage, prebendary, and business relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we deal with the notion of V a -deformed free convolution, introduced in [A. D. Krystek and L. J. Wojakowski, Associative convolutions arising from conditionally free convolution, Infin. Dimens. Anal. Quantum Probab. Relat. Top. 8 2005, 3, 515–545], from a point of view related to the theory of Cauchy–Stieltjes kernel (CSK) families and their corresponding variance functions. We determine the formula for variance function under a power of V a -deformed free convolution. Then we provide an approximation of elements of the CSK family generated by V a -deformed free Poisson distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To review the international evidence base on interventions to support the mental health of family carers of children with brain injuries in low and middle income countries (LMIC). Methods: Searches were conducted with five electronic databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL) using search terms related to "family carers", "brain injury", "children" and "low and middle income countries". Studies were independently screened using predetermined eligibility criteria by two authors. Data were extracted from included studies using standardised data extraction and quality appraisal tools. These data were then subjected to narrative synthesis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to govern the review process. Findings: One study met our inclusion criteria and described an acquired brain injury called nodding syndrome which occurs in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study was conducted in Ghana and provided group-based psychotherapy to carers and their children. As such we found no study which sought to solely support the mental health of family carers. Conclusions: There has been a lack of focus in the literature on the mental health of family carers of children with brain injuries in LMIC. Considering the vital importance of caregivers in supporting their children it is imperative that service providers and researchers devise programmes to better meet their needs. The mental health of family carers should be better supported to improve their overall wellbeing, which will in turn improve the wellbeing of their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of natural products has provided extremely valuable references for the treatment of various diseases. Cucurbitacin B, a tetracyclic triterpenoid compound isolated from cucurbitaceae and other plants, is the most abundant member of the cucurbitin family and exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and even agricultural applications. Due to its high toxicity and narrow therapeutic window, structural modification and dosage form development are necessary to address these issues with cucurbitacin B. This paper reviews recent research progress in the pharmacological action, structural modification, and application of cucurbitacin B. This review aims to enhance understanding of advancements in this field and provide constructive suggestions for further research on cucurbitacin B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we first prove the q-version of Schwarz Pick's lemma. This result improved the one presented earlier in the literature without proof. Using this novel result, we study the majorization problem for the q-general class of functions with bounded radius rotations, which we introduce here. In addition, the coefficient bound for majorized functions related to this class is derived. Relaxing the majorized condition on this general family, we obtain the estimate of coefficient bounds associated with the class. Consequently, we present new results as corollaries and point out relevant connections between the main results obtained from the ones in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new continuous class of probability distribution named the Power Burr X-T (PBX-T) family is proposed in this paper. The essential characteristics of the PBX-T family of distributions, i.e. conventional moments and associated procedures, stress-strength reliability, and Rényi entropy, are derived and studied. Some special models belonging to the new family have been comprehensively explored concerning their shapes. Extensive simulations have been conducted to compare the maximum likelihood (ML) estimates with other classical estimators. It is found that the mean squared errors and the bias of the ML estimates are relatively least for large samples. Moreover, real-life applications from medical and engineering fields have been used to demonstrate the potentiality and adequacy of the suggested sub-models from the PBX-T family. The values of observed goodness-of-fit measures show that the sub-models of the suggested family of distributions are superior in adequacy parallel to the other generalized models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Tobacco use is the major preventable cause of premature death worldwide, responsible for about 8 million deaths per year, mostly in low- and middle-income countries, such as Morocco. Adolescents' tobacco use is a matter of concern, because early initiation increases the risk of becoming a lifelong user. There exists a notable gap in the synthesis of evidence concerning tobacco use among Moroccan adolescents. Thus, the purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive view of the prevalence of tobacco products' use and associated factors among adolescents in Morocco. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect for relevant studies reporting prevalence rates of tobacco products' use among Moroccan adolescents, published until June 2024, using inclusion and exclusion criteria in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Additional searches were completed on other sources to reach unpublished reports. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to assess the quality of included studies. Results: After the final screening, 22 papers met the inclusion criteria. Life-time prevalence of tobacco use ranged from 7.8% to 20.4% for cigarettes smoking, from 10.6% to 21.9% for waterpipe, from 7.9% to 9.1% for chewing tobacco and from 9.2% to 12.4% for snuff. The last 12-month prevalence of cigarette smoking was comprised between 6.9% and 10.8%. As for the prevalence of current use, ranges of (1.8%-16.4%) and (4.9%-8.4%) were noted for cigarettes and waterpipe, respectively. The most commonly highlighted risk factors for tobacco use included male sex, older age, having friends or family members who use tobacco and low perception of risk associated with tobacco use. Conclusion: Our findings reveal an alarming situation of tobacco use among Moroccan adolescents. Therefore, it is crucial that all stakeholders engage in concerted efforts to develop and implement evidence-based preventive interventions among early adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]