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In unpredictable weather circumstances, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) approach is critical for ensuring maximum photovoltaic (PV) output power is extracted. In this paper, we will compare the incremental conductance algorithm (IC), perturb and observe (p&o), and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) as maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques. The three algorithms were used on a photovoltaic energy conversion system that was linked to a grid. The suggested methodologies investigate the photovoltaic (PV) system's solar energy conversion performance under various irradiance and temperature circumstances. Lastly, a performance comparison between IC, P O, and FLC has been performed, demonstrating the superiority of the fuzzy controller over the other approaches. FLC converts photovoltaic electricity readily, reducing fluctuations, and it responds quickly to variations in solar irradiation (the shading effect). The simulation results demonstrate that the controller using fuzzy logic performs well, allowing the inverter to convert the electricity provided by the solar panels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This comprehensive review examines various methods of treating medical waste in the context of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). A bibliometric analysis was conducted to investigate the impact of COVID‐19 on medical waste, which showed a notable increase in publications in recent years. Findings indicate that thermal treatment with energy recovery, including pyrolysis, gasification, oxidation, and plasma gasification, is the most effective approach for managing medical waste. However, research on the impacts of medical waste on SDGs is insufficient, warranting further investigations to better understand the intersections between medical waste management and the SDGs. The need for international cooperation and collaboration in addressing medical waste management challenges, especially during crises, is highlighted. Understanding the links between medical waste management and the SDGs is crucial in developing sustainable solutions aligned with the global sustainability agenda. Further research and international collaboration are needed to address the challenges associated with medical waste management and contribute to the achievement of the SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]