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2. Graduation of High School Students in British Columbia from 2010/2011 to 2018/2019: A Focus on Special Needs Status. Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series. Catalogue No. 11F0019M. No. 476
- Author
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Statistics Canada, Allison Leanage, and Rubab Arim
- Abstract
Using British Columbia Ministry of Education administrative school data within the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform, this study compared the proportions of high school graduates among Grade 12 students with and without special needs across nine cohorts from 2010/2011 to 2018/2019 before and after controlling for several sociodemographic characteristics. Two major strengths of this study were the use of longitudinal administrative education data integrated with income tax data from the T1 Family File and the further disaggregation of the special education needs categorization. Students with special needs in all different categories (excluding those with gifted status) were less likely to have graduated across all nine cohorts compared with students without special needs, even after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and academic achievement, suggesting that students with special needs may face other types of barriers in completing high school. Yet there was diversity among students with special needs, with the highest proportions of graduation among students with learning disabilities or those with sensory needs and the lowest among students with intellectual disabilities. A larger share of females than males graduated high school among students without special needs. However, sex differences were less consistent among students with special needs status (including students with gifted status). As expected, the proportions of graduation were significantly higher at age 19 compared with at age 18 or younger, with the differences being slightly higher among students with special needs (excluding those with gifted status; 5 to 10 percentage points) compared with those without special needs (3 to 7 percentage points). The largest age differences were observed among students with autism spectrum disorder, behavioural needs or mental illness, and those with physical needs across all nine cohorts.
- Published
- 2024
3. Theoretical Foundations of Culturally Responsive Teaching and Connections to Saskatchewan Curriculum and Indigenous Education
- Author
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Jessica K. Madiratta
- Abstract
This paper examines the attributes of culturally responsive teaching (CRT) as well as its theoretical foundations. Gay's (2018) work describes the eight attributes of CRT as validating, comprehensive and inclusive, multidimensional, empowering, transformative, emancipatory, humanistic, and normative and ethical. After unpacking each attribute, I present and discuss four dimensions of Gay's (2018) theoretical foundations of CRT which include culturally diverse curriculum, teacher caring, home and school connection, and academic achievement. Further, I write about how CRT and the epistemologies of Indigenous education can lead to healthy and transformative spaces for Indigenous students in Saskatchewan public schools. For the purposes of this paper, I define healthy and transformative spaces as spaces where students have their needs met in the four dimensions of spirit, mental, physical, and emotional health.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Graduate Students as Partners in Academic Development: Benefits, Challenges, and Lessons Learned
- Author
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Kimberley A. Grant and Muhammad Adil Arshad
- Abstract
In response to calls to revisit the engagement of students in academic development, the authors -- an educational development consultant and a graduate student -- share the findings of a nation-wide study which explored how Canadian teaching and learning centres (TLCs) partner with graduate students in academic development (AD). This paper highlights the benefits and challenges identified by the participants and draws on students-as-partners (SaP) literature to frame the recommendations and lessons learned about how to engage graduate students meaningfully and ethically in AD activities. We share pragmatic strategies while emphasizing the importance of aligning partnerships with the SaP principles of respect, reciprocity, and responsibility.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Gender Differences in Math and Science Academic Self-Concepts and the Association with Female Climate in 8th Grade Classrooms
- Author
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Ida Gran Andersen and Emil Smith
- Abstract
Although women's representation in STEM fields and occupations has increased, science and math continue to be stereotyped as male domains. This paper links psychological and sociological explanations for gendered disparities in STEM by examining the relationship between the local "micro-situational" female learning environment and the gender gap in academic self-concept in math and science. We applied hybrid models to TIMSS 2015 data comprised of a pseudo-panel of repeated measures for individual student and peer achievement, academic self-concept, utility value, and interest-enjoyment value in math/science (at age 14). We analyzed data from three countries, including a subsample of students who were taught by the same teacher in both math and science, thus eliminating unobserved teacher heterogeneity. Results indicate that female peer climate in the classroom is important for understanding how girls' self-concept in math/science is formed, even though it was unrelated to the gender gap.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Gender Differences in Math and Science Academic Self-Concepts and the Association With Female Climate in 8th Grade Classrooms.
- Author
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Andersen, Ida Gran and Smith, Emil
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY of middle school students ,SCHOOL environment ,STATISTICAL correlation ,MATHEMATICS ,PHILOSOPHY of education ,STEREOTYPES ,RESEARCH funding ,SEX distribution ,SCIENCE ,AFFINITY groups ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SURVEYS ,ACADEMIC achievement ,RESEARCH ,COMPARATIVE studies ,SELF-perception - Abstract
Although women's representation in STEM fields and occupations has increased, science and math continue to be stereotyped as male domains. This paper links psychological and sociological explanations for gendered disparities in STEM by examining the relationship between the local "micro-situational" female learning environment and the gender gap in academic self-concept in math and science. We applied hybrid models to TIMSS 2015 data comprised of a pseudo-panel of repeated measures for individual student and peer achievement, academic self-concept, utility value, and interest-enjoyment value in math/science (at age 14). We analyzed data from three countries, including a subsample of students who were taught by the same teacher in both math and science, thus eliminating unobserved teacher heterogeneity. Results indicate that female peer climate in the classroom is important for understanding how girls' self-concept in math/science is formed, even though it was unrelated to the gender gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Supporting School Attendance Among Indigenous Children and Youth in Canada: A Rapid Review and Call to Action.
- Author
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Rogers, Maria and Aglukark, Karen
- Subjects
INDIGENOUS youth ,INDIGENOUS children ,SCHOOL districts ,SCHOOL attendance ,CIVIC leaders ,RESEARCH personnel - Abstract
Many community leaders in Canada have asserted the need for improved school attendance to promote educational success and well-being among Indigenous students. This paper reviews the extant literature from researchers, government agencies, school districts, and other organizations that have identified factors that improve school attendance among Indigenous students in Canada. The reviewed literature and reports indicate a need for more culturally relevant supports, as well as a more holistic approach for Indigenous students and their families. This review also highlights the dearth of research on this topic and demonstrates the need for studies and initiatives that closely examine contributing factors at various levels (i.e., administrative, policy, community, classroom, household, individual), and that deeply engage families and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
8. The Association between Academic Performance and Entry-to-Practice Milestones within a Co-Operative Education PharmD Program.
- Author
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Syed, Ali, Huang, Yuying, Goh, Joslin, Moroz, Sarah, Pugsley, John, Waite, Nancy M., and Houle, Sherilyn K. D.
- Subjects
COOPERATIVE education ,ACADEMIC achievement ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,COURSE evaluation (Education) ,PROBLEM-based learning ,CAPSTONE courses ,SIMULATED patients - Abstract
Research on associations between student performance in pharmacy programs and entry-to-practice milestones has been limited in Canada and in programs using a co-operative (co-op) education model. Co-op exposes students to a variety of opportunities both within direct patient care roles and in non-traditional roles for pharmacists, such as policy, advocacy, insurance, research, and the pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of this research is to analyze associations between student grades and evaluations achieved in the University of Waterloo (UW) Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) co-op program and success rates on entry-to-practice milestones, including the Pharmacy Examining Board of Canada (PEBC) Pharmacist Qualifying Examination and performance on final-year clinical rotations. Grades and evaluations from courses, co-op work terms, clinical rotations, and PEBC exam data from three graduating cohorts were obtained. A multiple regression analysis was performed to explore associations between student evaluations and PEBC Pharmacist Qualifying Examination and clinical rotation performance. Holding all other variables constant, grades in anatomy/physiology were negatively correlated with scores on the PEBC Pharmacist Qualifying Examination, while grades in one of the professional practice courses showed a positive relationship with the same examination. Students with higher grades in a problem-based learning capstone therapeutics course, in their first co-op work term, and in the direct patient care co-op work term tended to score higher on clinical rotations. Co-op performance was not significant in predicting PEBC performance. However, complimentary descriptive analysis underscored that students with a co-op rating of good or below were more likely to fail courses, midpoint evaluations, Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs), and PEBC measures. Multiple predictors of performance on final-year clinical rotations and the PEBC Pharmacist Qualifying Examination were identified. This predictive model may be utilized to identify students at risk of underperforming and to facilitate early intervention and remediation programs, while also informing curricular revision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Measuring the Complexity of Self-Regulated Learning and Academic Challenges for Adolescents in Canada.
- Author
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Wu, Meng Qi, Cieslik, Violet V., Askari, Safoura, Hadwin, Allyson F., and Hood, Moira
- Subjects
SELF-evaluation ,RESEARCH funding ,SELF-control ,AUTODIDACTICISM ,ACADEMIC achievement ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,MIDDLE schools - Abstract
Research that uses self-report measures to examine the complexity of self-regulated learning (SRL) and academic challenges for adolescents is limited. This study examined the psychometric property of the Self-Regulated Learning Profile and Self-Diagnostic (SRL-PSD) instrument and addressed the multi-components of SRL and academic challenges for adolescents. Participants were 358 adolescents from a Canadian middle school. The subscales of SRL-PSD were administered to students through LimeSurvey during a 25-min instructional session over two days. Results demonstrated the SRL-PSD was a reliable and valid self-report instrument to measure adolescents' SRL practices and academic challenges. Also, all types of SRL practices and academic challenges were significantly intercorrelated. Additionally, all types of SRL practices were positively associated with school engagement, whereas all types of academic challenges were negatively associated with school engagement. Overall, this study provides a validated self-report measure for educators and researchers to examine adolescents' SRL practices and academic challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. "Hardly Able to Move, Much Less Open a Book": A Systematic Review of the Impact of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence Victimization on Educational Trajectories.
- Author
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Geppert, Angela B., Shah, Aarushi H., and Hirsch, Jennifer S.
- Subjects
ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,SOCIAL support ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,VIOLENCE ,MENTAL health ,DOMESTIC violence ,DATING violence ,GENDER ,INTIMATE partner violence ,ACADEMIC achievement ,SEXUAL harassment ,SEX crimes ,SOCIAL classes ,RESEARCH funding ,VICTIMS ,MEDLINE ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,EDUCATIONAL outcomes - Abstract
Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is a highly prevalent issue, both in North America and globally, with well-recognized adverse impact on survivors' physical, emotional, and economic well-being. The objective of this systematic review is to collect and synthesize empirical work on the effects of SGBV victimization on educational trajectories, goals, attainment, and outcomes. The review summarizes what is known about factors associated with victimization that affect survivors' educational trajectories and highlights gaps in the literature pertaining to the effects of victimization on education. Five databases were searched for this review: Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, PubMed, APA PsycInfo, and ERIC. For inclusion, the articles must present research on the academic impact of any form of SGBV experienced in higher education and must have been conducted in the United States or Canada. The 68 studies that met these criteria presented research on six key areas of educational outcomes: impacts on academic performance and motivation; attendance, dropout, and avoidance; changes in major/field of study; academic disengagement; educational attitudes and satisfaction; and academic climate and institutional relationships. Research also revealed factors mediating the relationship between SGBV exposure and educational outcomes such as mental health, physical health, social support, socioeconomic status, and resiliency, which we summarize in a pathway model. The research reviewed had significant limitations, including weak study designs, limited generalizability, and diversity concerns. We offer recommendations for future research on this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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