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Introduction: Data mining in healthcare is a nascent arena of research in healthcare. Heterogeneity of Diabetes Mellitus in terms of clinical presentation calls for newer methods of research to study potential risk factors. Aim: The paper aims to use clustering techniques to identify the relationship between the four variables, namely the pre-prandial and postprandial sugar level, age and sex. Methods: The data was taken from a diagnostic laboratory in Wagholi, Pune. We conducted K-mean algorithm, EM algorithm, model-based clustering and t-mixture model. Results: It is evidenced that the data was best fitted to the t-mixture model. Our 50% samples were people with diabetes, 17% had prediabetes. Trivial correlation existed between age and sugar level. Males and females were equally at risk of having diabetes. Data presented concludes that age and sex have no effect on the risk of having diabetes. Data mining can be used to deduce meaningful clusters to drive plan-based interventions in the population. Conclusion: Methods of data mining can be used to deduce meaningful clusters in a heterogeneous dataset thus providing policymakers and healthcare researchers with novel information that will potentially contribute in formulating evidence-based policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, adolescent pregnancy is one of the key issues in women's reproductive health. Adolescent mothers face a higher risk of obstetrical concerns, and motherhood in adolescence is strongly influenced by lower education level and lower socioeconomic status. The present study was carried out across all Indian states and Union Territories using the National Family Health Survey, rounds 1 to 5 (1992–1993 to 2019–2021) in which various socioeconomic and cultural factors associated with adolescent pregnancies was examined in detail. The article uses univariate, bivariate with chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression models to understand the extent of which socioeconomic factors and sexual behavior of the couple are related to early motherhood experiences. It was found that age at marriage, respondent education, employment, age gap between partners, and religion are some of the important variables that affect the likelihood of adolescent pregnancy among females in Indian states. Comprehensive institutional efforts like free contraceptives and counseling services should be provided to address the increasing risk of pregnancy among adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Urban slum dwellers face significant challenges, including overcrowded living conditions, inadequate access to basic necessities, and limited socio-economic opportunities, which adversely affect their mental health. Despite the high prevalence of mental health issues in slum populations, there is a dearth of research addressing this aspect of well-being. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the social determinants and predictors of mental health among urban slum dwellers in Rohtak, Haryana, India. Material and Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design to examine mental health status and predictors among urban slum dwellers in District Rohtak, Haryana. Using simple random sampling, 301 subjects from the slum area were selected, ensuring demographic representation. A socio-demographic data sheet, the Modified Kuppuswamy scale, and the Mithila Mental Health Status Inventory were administered. Results: The findings revealed a moderate level of mental health challenges among urban slum dwellers, with age, gender, education, occupation, family income, and socioeconomic status identified as the strongest predictors of mental health (F = 7.69, p < .001), accounting for 29.9% of the variance. The remaining variance is attributed to variables not included in the study. Conclusion: This study sheds light on the social determinants and predictors of mental health among urban slum dwellers in Rohtak, Haryana, India. The findings underscore the significant impact of socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, education, occupation, family income, and socioeconomic status on mental health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]