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Using renewable biomass precursors to develop high-performance carbon electrodes is a promising approach for the advancement of supercapacitors. This work proposes a feasible strategy to prepare self-supporting flexible porous carbon nanofibers by electrospinning and carbonizing the mixture of cuttlefish ink, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The impacts of cuttlefish ink precursor on the structure, elemental composition, and capacitance properties of carbon nanofibers have been studied. Herein, the unique structural advantage of cuttlefish ink can significantly optimize the porous structure of carbon nanofibers. Due to the hierarchical porous structure, large specific surface area, hollow channels and high nitrogen content, the carbon nanofibers offer a high specific capacitance of 364.8 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 current density, alongside desirable rate performance and cycle life. Furthermore, the carbon nanofiber electrode performs good mechanical flexibility. The flexible solid-state supercapacitor based on this electrode exhibits 14.1 Wh kg−1 energy density at 0.4 kW kg−1 power density, and 97.8% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. The favorable capacitive properties make this carbon nanofiber material a potential candidate for supercapacitor electrodes. [Display omitted] • Electrospun porous carbon nanofibers (CPP–CNF) were prepared from cuttlefish ink. • CPP-CNF features hierarchical pores and hollow channels. • CPP-CNF is mechanically flexible with superior capacitive performance. • The flexible supercapacitor achieves high energy density and cycling stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• MnO 2 /CNF/Ag nanofabric electrodes are developed for flexible supercapacitors. • The brittle issue in the CNF electrode is greatly improved by an Ag incorporation. • The optimized MnO 2 /CNF/Ag electrode has a specific capacitance of 184 F/g at 1 A/g. • An energy density of 16.3 Wh/kg and a power density of 400 W/kg was achieved. • A capacitance retention rate of 87 % was demonstrated when subjected to bending. Flexible supercapacitors are gaining increasing popularity due to their potential in powering portable, wearable, and lightweight electronic devices. In this study, we have successfully developed a high-performance flexible electrode for quasi-solid-state supercapacitors by incorporating Ag into carbon nanofibers (CNF) through electrospinning, and growing MnO 2 as an active material on the electrode using an in-situ redox method. The Ag and MnO 2 co-decorated CNF electrode offers several advantages over conventional CNF electrodes, including an enlarged reaction area, higher charge storage capacity, and improved resistance to brittleness issues. Among all the quasi-solid-state supercapacitors tested, the MnO 2 -decorated electrode with an optimized Ag incorporation exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 184 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g, representing a remarkable 17-fold increase compared to the reference CNF electrode. Furthermore, the Ag and MnO 2 co-decorated electrode demonstrated an energy density of 16.3 Wh/kg and a power density of 400 W/kg at the same current density. Notably, the electrode exhibited excellent flexibility, with a capacitance retention rate of 87 % when subjected to bending with a curvature ranging from 5 to 1.25 cm. Our results suggest that the Ag and MnO 2 co-decorated CNF electrode holds great promise for flexible energy storage applications. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]