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The generation of abrasive particles is an unavoidable consequence of sliding electrical contact wear in conductive slip rings (SRs). The adhesion of abrasive particles to the insulators may lead to a decrease in flashover voltage, posing a risk to satellite power transmission. In this paper, the effect of abrasive particles on flashover is first studied. Surface abrasive particles can distort the surface electric field of the dielectric, absorb scattered electrons, and then re-emit them, thereby accelerating the development and formation of secondary electron avalanches. Flashover test results indicate that surface abrasive particles lead to a significant reduction in flashover voltage. To mitigate the impact of particle adhesion on flashover, a method of constructing particle traps on the surface of insulators is proposed. The location and structural parameters of the particle trap are further optimized and determined. The flashover test results using planar dielectric samples and SR insulator samples both demonstrate that the optimized particle trap can significantly improve the flashover voltage. The dielectric maintains high electrical strength even when particles are trapped in particle traps. The physical details of the impact of particles on flashover and the effect of particle traps are analyzed utilizing an electron movement simulation, corroborating the experiment from a microscopic aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]