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1. Heterogeneity and Endogenous Compliance: Implications for Scaling Class Size Interventions. Working Paper 32338

Author

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Karun Adusumilli, Francesco Agostinelli, and Emilio Borghesan

Abstract

This paper examines the scalability of the results from the Tennessee Student-Teacher Achievement Ratio (STAR) Project, a prominent educational experiment. We explore how the misalignment between the experimental design and the econometric model affects researchers' ability to learn about the intervention's scalability. We document heterogeneity in compliance with class-size reduction that is more extensive than previously acknowledged and discuss its consequences for the evaluation of the experiment. Guided by this finding, we implement a new econometric framework incorporating heterogeneous treatment effects and endogenous class size determination. We find that the effect of class size on test scores differs considerably across schools, with only a small fraction of schools having significant benefits from reduced class sizes. We discuss the challenges this poses for the intervention's scalability and conclude by analyzing targeted class-size interventions.

Published
2024

2. Charles III gets his own paper currency

Subjects
United Kingdom. Bank of England -- Powers and duties, Paper money -- Design and construction -- Laws, regulations and rules, Kings and rulers -- Portrayals, Government regulation, Business, Economics, Business, international
Abstract

FOR SEVEN decades Britons had daily contact with their queen, as they handled notes and coins bearing Elizabeth II's face. When Elizabeth died in September 2022 she was succeeded on [...]

Published
2024

3. Simulation of Mixmining Reward Parameters for the Nym Mixnet

Author

Halpin, Harry, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Wang, Guojun, editor, Wang, Haozhe, editor, Min, Geyong, editor, Georgalas, Nektarios, editor, and Meng, Weizhi, editor

Published
2024
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4. SEBI Consultation Paper: Stock Analysts Will Thrive; Investment Advisers Will Wither

Subjects
Financial analysts, Financial markets, Financial services industry, Consultants, Stocks, Financial services industry, Economics
Abstract

Byline: Debashis Basu The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has unveiled a consultation paper to revise the regulatory framework governing investment advisers (IAs) and research analysts (RAs). Among [...]

Published
2024

5. A new lab and a new paper reignite an old AI debate

Subjects
High technology industry -- Management -- Product development, Executives -- Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Artificial intelligence -- Usage -- Forecasts and trends -- Social aspects, Company business management, Market trend/market analysis, Artificial intelligence, Business, Economics, Business, international
Abstract

AFTER SAM ALTMAN was sacked from OpenAI in November of 2023, a meme went viral among artificial-intelligence (AI) types on social media. 'What did Ilya see?' it asked, referring to [...]

Published
2024

7. Socio‐technical issues in the platform‐mediated gig economy: A systematic literature review: An Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST) paper.

Author

Dedema, Meredith and Rosenbaum, Howard

Subjects
*INFORMATION science, *TECHNOLOGY, *CORPORATE culture, *ALGORITHMS, *ECONOMICS
Abstract

The gig economy and gig work have grown quickly in recent years and have drawn much attention from researchers in different fields. Because the platform mediated gig economy is a relatively new phenomenon, studies have produced a range of interesting findings; of interest here are the socio‐technical issues that this work has surfaced. This systematic literature review (SLR) provides a snapshot of a range of socio‐technical issues raised in the last 12 years of literature focused on the platform mediated gig economy. Based on a sample of 515 papers gathered from nine databases in multiple disciplines, 132 were coded that specifically studied the gig economy, gig work, and gig workers. Three main socio‐technical themes were identified: (1) the digital workplace, which includes information infrastructure and digital labor that are related to the nature of gig work and the user agency; (2) algorithmic management, which includes platform governance, performance management, information asymmetry, power asymmetry, and system manipulation, relying on a diverse set of technological tools including algorithms and big data analytics; (3) ethical design, as a relevant value set that gig workers expect from the platform, which includes trust, fairness, equality, privacy, and transparency. A social informatics perspective is used to rethink the relationship between gig workers and platforms, extract the socio‐technical issues noted in prior research, and discuss the underexplored aspects of the platform mediated gig economy. The results draw attention to understudied yet critically important socio‐technical issues in the gig economy that suggest short‐ and long‐term opportunities for future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Researcher from Universiti Malaya Details Findings in Economics (Invited Paper: Adoption of Electric Vehicles in Malaysia - Consumer Preferences And Cost-benefit Considerations)

Subjects
Consumer preferences -- Analysis, Cost benefit analysis -- Analysis, Consumer behavior -- Analysis, Automobiles, Electric -- Market research -- Green market, Interdisciplinary research -- Analysis, Marketing research, Cost benefit analysis, Business, Economics
Abstract

2024 JUN 28 (VerticalNews) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Economics Week -- Researchers detail new data in agriculture. According to news reporting out of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, [...]

Published
2024

14. 'Insight Unlocked': Applying a Collective Intelligence Approach to Engage Employers in Informing Local Skills Improvement Planning

Author

David Rae, Edward Cartwright, Mario Gongora, Chris Hobson, and Harsh Shah

Abstract

This paper demonstrates how the innovative application of a Collective Intelligence approach enhanced Local Skills Improvement Planning information for employers, education and skills training organisations and regional economic policy organisations. This took place within a Knowledge Transfer Partnership between a Chamber of Commerce and a University. This aimed to develop and deploy regional business intelligence for enhanced policy and decision-making in enterprise and economic development. The project converged knowledge from several research centres including economics, entrepreneurship and innovation, data science, and Artificial Intelligence. The paper presents a project case study which provides two contributions to applied knowledge. Firstly, it demonstrates how a Collective Intelligence (CI) approach can be applied to achieve rapid results in resolving the real-world problem of local skills information availability. Useful real-time data was gathered from employers in three sectors on skills requirements, supply and training. This was analysed using Artificial Intelligence tools, then shared publicly via an automated Internet portal, providing a scalable model for wider use. Secondly, it explores and evaluates how the knowledge exchange (KE) process can function effectively and quickly in applying CI-based innovation in practical ways which create new value, within a Knowledge Transfer Partnership between a University and Chamber of Commerce.environment.

Published
2024
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15. Three Essays on the Economics of Educational Opportunity

Author

Christopher Diehl Brooks

Abstract

K-12 educational outcomes are a powerful reflection of social opportunity, both by meaningfully predicting adult wellbeing across measures like health and income, and by encapsulating the breadth of factors that contribute to a child's preparedness, ability, and opportunity to learn and persist in school. In this light, the persistent deficits in educational outcomes experienced by individuals from traditionally disadvantaged identity groups and classes reflect systemic failures to meaningfully address the numerous shortcomings of education and social policy to create equal educational opportunities for all students. The three papers that comprise this dissertation aim to promote more equitable education and social policy by contributing valuable insights into three vital areas of policy that substantively shape the educational opportunities and outcomes of students in the United States. In the first, I extend the existing literature on how air pollutants can contribute to educational inequality by measuring the association between students' proximity to hog farms, their feces lagoons, and fecal fertilizer spraying, and educational outcomes in North Carolina. In the second, I examine the most important school-level resource for student achievement -- teachers -- and how the processes by which students are assigned to classrooms enables the disproportionate assignment of lower performing, nonwhite, and low-income students to less effective teachers within their schools. And finally, I examine districts' proposed spending of federal COVID-19 relief funds, what differences in spending strategies existed for these extremely flexible dollars, and what potential equity implications may exist for student academic learning recovery in the wake of the pandemic. Collectively, these papers contribute new knowledge in three important areas of education and social policy and foreground several promising future research directions by which greater educational equity and equality of social opportunity can be promoted. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2024

16. Education and New Developments 2024 -- Volume 1

Author

World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal), Mafalda Carmo, Mafalda Carmo, and World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal)

Abstract

This book contains the full text of papers and posters presented at the International Conference on Education and New Developments (END 2024), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS). Education, in our contemporary world, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and acts. One of the most important contributions resides in what and how we learn through the improvement of educational processes, both in formal and informal settings. The International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the processes, actions, challenges and outcomes of learning, teaching and human development. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between teachers, students, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement our view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons we have many nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. END 2024 received 729 submissions, from more than 50 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. The conference accepted for presentation 284 submissions (39% acceptance rate). This is the Volume 1 of the book titled Education and New Developments 2024, that showcases the outcomes of dedicated research and developments undertaken by authors who are driven by their passion to enhance research methods that directly relate to teaching, learning, and the practical applications of education in the present day. Within its pages, you will find a diverse array of contributors and presenters who expand our perspectives by delving into various educational matters. This first volume focuses on the main areas of TEACHERS AND STUDENTS and TEACHING AND LEARNING.

Published
2024

17. Education and New Developments 2024 -- Volume 2

Author

World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal), Mafalda Carmo, Mafalda Carmo, and World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal)

Abstract

This book contains the full text of papers and posters presented at the International Conference on Education and New Developments (END 2024), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS). Education, in our contemporary world, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and acts. One of the most important contributions resides in what and how we learn through the improvement of educational processes, both in formal and informal settings. The International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the processes, actions, challenges and outcomes of learning, teaching and human development. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between teachers, students, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement our view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons we have many nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. END 2024 received 729 submissions, from more than 50 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. The conference accepted for presentation 284 submissions (39% acceptance rate). This is the Volume 2 of the book titled Education and New Developments 2024, that showcases the outcomes of dedicated research and developments undertaken by authors who are driven by their passion to enhance research methods that directly relate to teaching, learning, and the practical applications of education in the present day. Within its pages, you will find a diverse array of contributors and presenters who expand our perspectives by delving into various educational matters. This second volume focuses on the main areas of PROJECTS AND TRENDS and ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES.

Published
2024