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Phosphorylated fibers offer a broad range of applications, particularly in thermal insulation, notably with wood fibers, provided they exhibit improved mechanical characteristics. Despite encountering challenges in applying traditional papermaking methods, the creation of paper or board sheets with phosphorylated pulp fibers remains a challenge. Findings suggest that phosphorylation-modified fibers show increased roughness. Moreover, in comparison with unbeaten kraft sheets (KF) and thermomechanical pulp sheets (TMP), those made from phosphorylated kraft fibers (PKF), using a cationic coagulant and a flocculant, demonstrate significant enhancements in burst index, break index, and tensile energy absorption by 2.12 times, 1.7 times, and 2.77 times, respectively. Similarly, phosphorylated TMP sheets, prepared with a dual polymeric system (coagulant/flocculant), exhibit improvements of 1.42 times, 1.33 times, and 1.82 times, respectively, in these properties. The study emphasizes the ameliorating effect of cationic polymeric agents on the charge impact of phosphorylated fibers on overall sheet quality, while also highlighting the substantial influence of hot-pressing lignin-containing paper on all determined physical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information coding, recording, encryption, and decryption are of great importance in the field of anti‐counterfeiting, especially in the current AI information era. Herein, a paper‐like hydrogel composed of solely H‐bonded poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(n‐vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), namely VAPN, is developed for multiple ways of encryption and decryption based on chemical‐induced phase separation. It not only exhibits excellent ability of ink absorption and retention by the noncovalent H‐bonds and n−π* interactions and good mechanical strength but also maintains a negligible volume change during the phase separation that is crucial for the information fidelity. Given that the noncovalent interactions are the driving force to trigger the phase separation in the hydrogel, available chemical inks are numerous ranging from small molecules to polymers. Furthermore, together with thermally induced phase separation, the different dynamic processes of the association and dissociation between ink molecules and the hydrogel endow the latter with reversible information recording and self‐erasing, temporary or permanent, and customized encryption and decryption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperuricemia (HUA) has gradually become a public health burden as an independent risk factor for a variety of chronic diseases. Herein, a user-friendly point-of-care (POC) detection system (namely "Smart-HUA-Monitor") based on smartphone-assisted paper-based microfluidic is proposed for colorimetric quantification of HUA urinary markers, including uric acid (UA), creatinine (CR) and pH. The detection limits of UA and CR were 0.0178 and 0.5983 mM, respectively, and the sensitivity of pH were 0.1. The method was successfully validated in artificial urine samples and 100 clinical samples. Bland-Altman plots showed a high consistency between μPAD and the testing instruments (HITACHI 7600 Automatic Analyzer, URIT-500B Urine Analyzer and AU5800B automatic biochemical analyzer) in hospital. Smart-HUA-Monitor provides an accurate quantitative, rapid, low-cost and reliable tool for the monitoring and early diagnosis of HUA urine indicators. [Display omitted] • We proposed a POCT system based on smartphone-assisted paper microfluidics for quantification of urine UA, CR and pH. • The reliability of this work was evaluated by 100 clinical samples, which is of great significance for the diagnosis of HUA. • "Smart-HUA-Monitor" provides a POC tool with high accuracy and good repeatability for the daily monitoring of HUA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the super hydrophobic paper surfaces prepared at present will change the original properties of the paper and can not be used for oil-water separation continuously. There is not yet much systematic research on super hydrophobic modification of paper-based materials. The use of polymers and inorganic fillers for synergistic modification is also relatively rare. In this paper, fluorine-containing epoxy polymer P(GMA- r -DFMA) and KH550 modified nano-SiO 2 were mixed to obtain an organic-inorganic hybrid super hydrophobic solution, which was chemically cross-linked to the surface of paper fibers to form a micro- and nano-thin coating to construct a super hydrophobic surface, but the original properties of the paper remain unchanged. The optimal parameters (polymer concentration, soaking time, drying time, drying temperature) for building super hydrophobic surface on paper were explored, and the optimal conditions are the polymer concentration of 7 mg/mL, soaking time of 5 h, drying time of 6 h, drying temperature of 100 °C. Under the optimum conditions, the water contact angle of the modified paper surface is 164 ± 2o and the water rolling angle is 5 ± 2o. The surface of the super hydrophobic modified paper contaminated with toner can be self-cleaned by water droplets. Compared with the unmodified paper, the whiteness, smoothness and glossiness of the surface of the super hydrophobic modified paper have not changed greatly. When the oils were n -hexane, n -octane and trichloromethane, the oil-water separation efficiency of the modified paper could reach 99.9 %, 99.9 % and 98 %, and the effects were stable. Super hydrophobic modified paper in water formed a large number of bubbles on its surface, resulting in silver mirror phenomenon. SEM results showed that the pore structure of the paper was not changed after modification. The surface of the original paper fiber is very smooth, but the surface of the super hydrophobic modified paper fiber has a large number of micro and nano protrusions. • Fluorine epoxy polymer and nano-SiO 2 were used to construct super hydrophobic paper, meanwhile original properties unchanged. • WCA is 164±2o and WRA is 5±2o. The super hydrophobic paper contaminated with toner can be self-cleaned by water droplets. • The whiteness, smoothness and glossiness of the super hydrophobic modified paper have not changed greatly. • The separation efficiency of the modified paper could above 98% when the oils were n -hexane, n -octane and trichloromethane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Paper-based electrodes coated with polymers, mimick the lignocellulosic biomass. • Lignin penetrates deeply in the paper as shown by SEM and CV analyses. • The presence of lignin forms a barrier, avoiding a redox probe to reach the electrode. • Ligninolytic enzymes degraded this biomimetic substrate and allowed to recover the signal. Lignin is the most important natural source of aromatic compounds. The valorisation of lignin into aromatics requires fractionation steps that can be catalysed by ligninolytic enzymes. However, one of the main limitations of biological lignin fractionation is the low efficiency of biocatalysts; it is therefore crucial to enhance or to identify new ligninolytic enzymes. Currently, the screening of ligninolytic activities on lignin polymers represents a technological bottenleck and hinders the characterization and the discovery of efficient ligninolytic biocatalysts. An efficient and fast method for the measurement of such enzymatic activities is therefore required. In this work, we present a new electrochemical tool based on lignin-coated paper electrodes for the detection and the characterization of ligninolytic activity. The suitability of this method is demonstrated using a catalase-peroxidase isolated from Thermobacillus xylanilyticus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Paper-based modification for a CA15-3 self-indicated test-strip. • Paper modified with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for CA15-3. • Paper with MIP concentrates (selectively) CA15-3 on its surface. • Coloured signal generated by reaction of TMB substrate with a peroxidase. • Peroxidase enzyme action upon substrate controls the colour intensity. The combination of molecularly-imprinted polymers (MIPs) on paper substrates for capturing a cancer antigen 15–3 (CA15-3) with the traditional coloured transduction scheme of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and H 2 O 2 is presented here for the first time. Here, the paper surface was modified with a silane derivative containing an amine function that allows subsequent binding of 3-aminophenylboronic acid (3-APBA). The target protein, CA15-3, was then bound via the boronic groups of APBA. The empty space around CA15-3 was filled by polymerization of dopamine. Finally, the CA15-3 template was removed by breaking the imine function to create vacant sites for which CA15-3 has a high affinity. Binding of CA15-3 was detected by oxidation of TMB substrate by HRP in the presence of H 2 O 2. The results showed that the MIP was able to selectively recognize CA15-3 within 3–500 U mL−1, even in complex samples. Quantitative data were extracted by analysing the colour coordinates of images captured with a smartphone using ImageJ. This selective behaviour was confirmed by comparison with a control material (non– polymer, NIP). Overall, the described approach has advantages over conventional ELISA, namely low cost and high stability, which is due to the use of MIP as a trapping element acting as a selective pre-concentration point of CA15-3. To our knowledge, this is the first biomimetic ELISA (B-ELISA) on paper substrate used for macromolecules such as proteins. We believe that this approach has the potential to be applied to other protein disease biomarkers, making it a suitable tool for screening glycoproteins at the point-of-care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for high-performance bio-based materials towards achieving more sustainable manufacturing and circular economy models is growing significantly. Kraft lignin (KL) is an abundant and highly functional aromatic/phenolic biopolymer, being the main side product of the pulp and paper industry, as well as of the more recent 2nd generation biorefineries. In this study, KL was incorporated into a glassy epoxy system based on the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and an amine curing agent (Jeffamine D-230), being utilized as partial replacement of the curing agent and the DGEBA prepolymer or as a reactive additive. A D-230 replacement by pristine (unmodified) KL of up to 14 wt.% was achieved while KL–epoxy composites with up to 30 wt.% KL exhibited similar thermo-mechanical properties and substantially enhanced antioxidant properties compared to the neat epoxy polymer. Additionally, the effect of the KL particle size was investigated. Ball-milled kraft lignin (BMKL, 10 μm) and nano-lignin (NLH, 220 nm) were, respectively, obtained after ball milling and ultrasonication and were studied as additives in the same epoxy system. Significantly improved dispersion and thermo-mechanical properties were obtained, mainly with nano-lignin, which exhibited fully transparent lignin–epoxy composites with higher tensile strength, storage modulus and glass transition temperature, even at 30 wt.% loadings. Lastly, KL lignin was glycidylized (GKL) and utilized as a bio-based epoxy prepolymer, achieving up to 38 wt.% replacement of fossil-based DGEBA. The GKL composites exhibited improved thermo-mechanical properties and transparency. All lignins were extensively characterized using NMR, TGA, GPC, and DLS techniques to correlate and justify the epoxy polymer characterization results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecular chirality has traditionally been viewed as a binary property where a molecule is classified as either chiral or achiral, yet in recent decades, mathematical methods for quantifying chirality have been explored. Here, we use toy molecular systems to systematically compare the performance of two state-of-the-art chirality measures: (1) the Continuous Chirality Measure (CCM) and (2) the Chirality Characteristic (χ). We find that both methods exhibit qualitatively similar behavior when applied to simple molecular systems such as a four-site molecule or the polymer double-helix, but we show that the CCM may be more suitable for evaluating the chirality of arbitrary molecules or abstract structures such as normal vibrational modes. We discuss a range of considerations for applying these methods to molecular systems in general, and we provide links to user-friendly codes for both methods. We aim for this paper to serve as a concise resource for scientists attempting to familiarize themselves with these chirality measures or attempting to implement chirality measures in their own work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyrolysis characteristics of Tetra Pak, a paperboard-polyethylene-aluminium foil, were investigated in this study with a focus on the synergistic effect between its individual components. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that molten LDPE coating on cellulose surface led to suppression on mass and heat transfer and the increased activation energy of pyrolysis reaction. Samples of individual components and simulated Tetra Pak packaging were pyrolyzed in a thermogravimetric analyzer at various heating rates. Synergistic effect between cellulose and LDPE on E a and the formation of characteristic products are investigated: Kinetic analysis showed that the cellulose decomposition peak in the simulated mixture exhibited a higher E a than that of pure cellulose at each conversion rate. For LDPE, the free radicals formed from cellulose pyrolysis enhanced the degradation of plastic polymers, resulting that E a of its decomposition peak in the mixture being lower in comparison to pure LDPE, with a discrepancy of around 16–27 kJ·mol−1. The formation of characteristic products including levoglucosan, furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and alkanes from pyrolysis of cellulose and LDPE mixture with different mass ratios was further investigated in a micro-pyrolyzer. The results suggested that synergistic effects and physical barrier existed during fast pyrolysis between cellulose and LDPE. The extent of the synergy effect depended on the proportion of cellulose and LDPE in the mixture. • Synergistic effect was investigated during pyrolysis of Tetra Pak. • Molten LDPE coating on cellulose increases E a of cellulose pyrolysis. • The extent of synergy effect depends on the proportion of cellulose and LDPE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the adverse effects of using plastics and perfluorinated alkyl substances become more apparent, there is a growing need for sustainable hydrophobic products. Cellulose and its derivatives are the most abundant and widely used polymers, and cellulose-based products have great potential in industries where plastics and other hydrophobic polymers are used, such as stain-resistant fabrics, food packaging, and oil-water separation applications. In this study, we extracted cellulose from water hyacinth (WH) biomass, known for its negative environmental impact, and converted it into hydrophobic cellulose. This addresses the issue of managing WH waste and creating an environmentally friendly hydrophobic material. Initially, aldehyde groups were introduced through oxidation with periodate, followed by direct octadecyl amine (ODA) grafting onto dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) via a Schiff base condensation. The resulting ODA modified cellulose (ODA-C) was dispersed in ethanol and used to coat various materials, including cotton fabric, cellulose filter paper, and packaging paper. The modified materials showed excellent hydrophobicity as measured by their water contact angles (WCAs), and the application of the coating was demonstrated for oil-water separation, stain-resistant hydrophobic fabric, and paper-based packaging materials. FTIR, XRD, and WCA analysis confirmed the successful modification of cellulose. A high separation efficiency of 99% was achieved for diesel/water separation using modified filter paper (MoFP), under gravity. On application of the coating, cotton fabric became hydrophobic and resisted staining from dye, and paper-based packaging materials became more robust by becoming water-resistant. Overall, the facile synthesis, low cost, high efficiency, and use of environmentally friendly sustainable materials make this a promising strategy for hydrophobically modifying surfaces for a wide range of applications while reducing the menace of water hyacinth. [Display omitted] • Hydrophobic cellulose produced from water hyacinth and used for oily water treatment • ODA-C modified filter paper shows excellent hydrophobicity with WCA ≥120°. • ≥99% efficiency was observed for separation of diesel/water suspension. • Modified materials show good reusability and durability. • Environmental concerns were addressed by a sustainable approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent experiments by Brückner et al. [Science 380, 1357 (2023)] have observed an anomalous chain length dependence of the time of near approach of widely separated pairs of genomic elements on transcriptionally active chromosomal DNA. In this paper, I suggest that the anomaly may have its roots in internal friction between neighboring segments on the DNA backbone. The basis for this proposal is a model of chain dynamics formulated in terms of a continuum scaled Brownian walk (sBw) of polymerization index N. The sBw is an extension of the simple Brownian walk model widely used in path integral calculations of polymer properties, differing from it in containing an additional parameter H (the Hurst index) that can be tuned to produce varying degrees of correlation between adjacent monomers. A calculation using the sBw of the mean time τc for chain closure predicts—under the Wilemski–Fixman approximation for diffusion-controlled reactions—that at early times, τc varies as the 2/3 power of N, in close agreement with the findings of the Brückner et al. study. Other scaling relations of that study, including those related to the probability of loop formation and the mean square displacements of terminal monomers, are also satisfactorily accounted for by the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superhydrophobic surfaces have been widely studied for their self-cleaning properties. However, most of the constructed superhydrophobic surfaces had problems of changing the surface morphology and color of paper/cloth. An extremely dilute superhydrophobic solution was prepared by hybrid assembly of aminated nano-SiO2 and high fluorine epoxy polymer P(FOEMA-r-GMA). The preparation of superhydrophobic cotton (SHC) and superhydrophobic book paper (SHBP) was studied through the optimal construction conditions of solution impregnation method. The optimal construction conditions for SHC were as follows: The concentration of fluorinated epoxy polymer was 3 mg/mL, the soaking time was 5 h, the drying time was 8 h, and the drying temperature was 120 °C. The maximum WCA was 158° ± 3°, and the minimum WRA was 4° ± 3°. SHC surface had good hydrophobic effect, acid and alkali resistance, and self-cleaning effect. Additionally, its surface morphology still remained basically unchanged. SHC could be used for oil–water separation with a maximum oil–water separation rate of 98.4%. The optimal construction conditions for SHBP were: The concentration of fluorinated epoxy polymer was 3 mg/mL, the soaking time was 9 h, the drying time was 6 h, the maximum WCA was 155° ± 3°, and the minimum WRA was 6° ± 1°. The hydrophobicity of SHBP was greatly improved; it would extract selective adsorbing oil from the oil–water mixture and slightly reduce its smoothness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of recycled polymers into additive manufacturing (AM) processes offers a promising opportunity for advancing sustainability within the manufacturing industry. This review paper summarizes existing research and developments related to the use of recycled materials in AM, focusing on distinct polymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), among others. Key topics explored include the availability of recycled filaments on the market, challenges associated with material variability and traceability, and efforts toward establishing ethical product standards and sustainability characterization methodologies. Regulatory considerations and standards development by organizations such as ASTM and ISO are discussed, along with recommendations for future advancements in improving the sustainability of filament recycling and achieving net-zero emissions in AM processes. The collective efforts outlined in this paper underscore the potential of recycled polymers in AM to foster a more sustainable and environmentally friendly manufacturing industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vat photopolymerization (VPP) based three‐dimensional (3D) printing, including stereolithography (SLA) and digital light projection (DLP), is known for producing intricate, high‐precision prototypes with superior mechanical properties. However, the challenge lies in the non‐recyclability of covalently crosslinked thermosets used in these printing processes, limiting the sustainable utilization of printed prototypes. This review paper examines the recently explored avenue of VPP 3D‐printed dynamic covalent network (DCN) polymers, which enable reversible crosslinks and allow for the reprocessing of printed prototypes, promoting sustainability. These reversible crosslinks facilitate the rearrangement of crosslinked polymers, providing printed polymers with chemical/physical recyclability, self‐healing capabilities, and degradability. While various mechanisms for DCN polymer systems are explored, this paper focuses solely on photocurable polymers to highlight their potential to revolutionize the sustainability of VPP 3D printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The green transition in the sustainable production and processing of polymers poses multifaceted challenges that demand integral comprehensive solutions. Specific problems of presences of toxic trace elements are often missed and this prevents shifting towards eco-friendly alternatives. Therefore, substantial research and the development of novel approaches is needed to discover and implement innovative, sustainable production materials and methods. This paper is focused on the most vital problems of the green transition from the aspect of establishing universally accepted criteria for the characterization and classification of eco-friendly polymers, which is essential to ensuring transparency and trust among consumers. Additionally, the recycling infrastructure needs substantial improvement to manage the end-of-life stage of polymer products effectively. Moreover, the lack of standardized regulations and certifications for sustainable polymers adds to the complexity of this problem. In this paper we propose solutions from the aspect of standardization protocols for the characterization of polymers foreseen as materials that should be used in Zero Energy Innovations in Hydrogen Storage. The role model standards originate from eco-labeling procedures for materials that come into direct or prolonged contact with human skin, and that are monitored by different methods and testing procedures. In conclusion, the challenges of transitioning to green practices in polymer production and processing demands a concerted effort from experts in the field which need to emphasize the problems of the analysis of toxic ultra trace and trace impurities in samples that will be used in hydrogen storage, as trace impurities may cause terrific obstacles due to their decreasing the safety of materials. Overcoming these obstacles requires the development and application of current state-of-the-art methodologies for monitoring the quality of polymers during their recycling, processing, and using, as well as the development of other technological innovations, financial initiatives, and a collective commitment to fostering a sustainable and environmentally responsible future for the polymer industry and innovations in the field of zero energy applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to identify research trends and technological evolution in the polymer three-dimensional (3D) printing process that can effectively identify the direction of technological advancement and progress of acceptance in both society and key manufacturing industries. Design/methodology/approach: The Scopus database was used to collect data on polymer 3D printing papers. This study uses bibliometric approach along with network analytic techniques to identify and discuss the most important countries and their scientific collaboration, compares income groups and analyses keyword trends. Findings: It was found that top research production results from heavy investments in research and development. The USA has the highest number of papers among the high-income countries. However, scientific production in the other two income groups is strongly dominated by China and India. Keyword analysis shows that countries with lower incomes in certain areas, such as composite and bioprinting, have fallen behind other groups over time. International collaborations were suggested as mechanisms for those countries to catch up with the current research trends. The evolution of the research field, which started with a focus on 3D printing processes and shifted to printed part designs and their applications, was discussed. The advancement of the research topic suggests that translational research on polymer 3D printing has been led mainly by research production from higher-income countries and countries with large research and development investments. Originality/value: Previous studies have conducted performance analysis, science mapping and network analysis in the field of 3D printing, but none have focused on global research trends classified by country income. This study has conducted a bibliometric analysis and compared the outputs according to various income levels according to the World Bank classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A fiber-based Fabry–Perot (FP) optical sensor is well-suited for the rapid and selective detection of gas molecules, including volatile organic compounds (VOC), explosive analytes, etc. The sensing probe of a fiber-based Fabry–Perot (FP) sensor is achieved through the deposition of a thin vapor-sensitive material on a cleaved fiber end-face, primarily using the dip-coating method. Because the sensitivity of the FP sensor is closely tied to its cavity length, it is crucial for the coating mechanism to consistently create FP cavities of the same length and thickness. The paper details a process for the controlled deposition of polymer onto an optical fiber, achieved through dip coating. The determination of the shape, size, and other properties of the polymer-based FP cavity involved a comprehensive analysis of the coating steps. Fabricated sensors were further used to evaluate the temporal progression of acetone sensing experiments in response to VOC. Taken as a whole, the outcomes outlined in this paper underscore the potential for achieving consistent coating/cavity thickness in a single-mode fiber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional thermally conductive materials are gradually losing their advantages as the electronics industry develops rapidly. Polymers are in urgent need of a material with high thermal conductivity, stable structure, good mechanical properties and oxidation resistance, which makes hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) an excellent heat transfer filler for polymer composites. Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) are monolayers of hexagonal boron nitride, and theoretical studies have shown that BNNS have a higher thermal conductivity than h-BN (up to 400Wm-1K-1, in-plane). This paper provides a comprehensive review of various methods for preparing BNNS, including mechanical exfoliation, liquid phase sonication exfoliation and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In addition, various factors affecting the thermal conductivity of BNNS, including grain boundary, grain size and defects, are also discussed. Then, the influence of BNNS as filler on the thermal conductivity of the polymer was further discussed. Finally, this paper summarizes the existing BNNS applications and lists the application scenarios of BNNS in various fields. The purpose of this review is to summarize the previous work and put forward the prospect and future development direction of preparing high thermal conductivity BNNS-included polymer composites, so as to stimulate the research and improvement of new preparation methods for BNNS and promote its practical application as heat transfer materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is easy to dissolve in acid, it is still a big challenge to prepare conductive PANI/Al2O3 fibers. In this paper, a very simple way to synthesize long PANI/Al2O3 micro-fibers using calcined-Al2O3 fibers as substrate by in situ polymerization method was reported. In contrast, PANI/Al2O3 composite fibers were synthesized using uncalcined-Al2O3 fibers as substrate. The SEM results revealed that the PANI composites from calcined-Al2O3 could keep the long fibrous form well, while the composites from uncalcined-Al2O3 fibers become short fibers due to the etching of acid. This suggested that the calcined-Al2O3 fibers had good corrosion resistance to the strong acid. FTIR results indicated the molecular structure of PANI was in conductive emeraldine state. So, PANI could be polymerized on the surface of Al2O3 fiber in acidic condition to form conductive composite PANI/Al2O3 fibers. The electrical conductivity of the composite fibers was in the order of 10–2 S/cm, and the electrical conductivity of the composite fibers increased with the increasing of aniline concentration. These conductive composite fibers could greatly reduce the electrostatic hazard caused by Al2O3 fibers. In that mean, this paper provided a feasible method for the synthesis of other conductive PANI/oxide (the oxide is soluble in strong acid like Al2O3) composite fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the vigorous development of the petroleum industry, improving the efficiency of oil and gas exploitation has become an important issue. Temperature-sensitive materials show great potential for application in the development and production of oil and gas fields due to their unique temperature-responsive properties. This paper reviews the application of temperature-sensitive materials in oil and gas drilling and introduces the characteristics of three types of temperature-sensitive materials: N-substituted acrylamide polymers, amphiphilic block copolymers, and peptides. Because these materials can change their physical state at specific temperatures, this paper discusses in detail the role of various temperature-sensitive materials as plugging agent, thickener, oil displacing agent, flocculant, and tackifier in oil and gas field operations, as well as the mechanism of action and performance of temperature-sensitive materials in practical oil and gas drilling operations. As we have not yet seen relevant similar literature, this paper aims to discuss the innovative application of temperature-sensitive materials in the oil and gas drilling process, and at the same time points out the problems in the current research and applications as well as future development directions. Through analysis and comparison, we provide an efficient and environmentally friendly materials selection option for the petroleum industry in order to promote the progress and sustainable development of oil and gas extraction processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Products used and produced in industrial locations must have natural ingredients and minimal energy usage due to air and environmental pollution. It is impossible for standard filters to clean bacterias in homes, workplaces and areas working with biological creatures. Therefore, the production of multifunctional nanocomposite and hybrid filter papers is necessary. In the study, filter papers coated with nanocomposite solutions prepared from green synthesized nanosilver (AgNPs) with plant extracts and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analyses showed that silver nanoparticles and PVA homogeneously coated the filter paper fibers, thereby reducing the average pore diameters by only 3% compared to commercial standards of filter paper. A filter with 36% higher burst pressure resistance was produced by nanosilver, plant extracts and PVA modification. The antibacterial effect is provided to the filters with a high effect of up to 10000 times, by coating them with nanosilver and plant extracts. This study made it possible to produce filter paper with natural ingredients and at low cost, reducing energy and raw material consumption, with high antibacterial effect and mechanical strength. In this way, bacteria and pollutants in the air will be cleaned without harming the environment and human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the deterioration of the structure of oil reserves, the demand for enhanced oil recovery technologies is increasing every year. These technologies are usually classified into the following: Chemical, gas, thermal and combined enhance oil recovery methods. Among the chemical methods, polymer flooding stands out. It has been actively studied since the middle of the last century and currently numbers hundreds of completed projects around the world. Despite the relatively long study period and the number of publications dedicated to polymer flooding, there is still a range of aspects requiring research and development as well as field testing. One of the crucial issues at the preparation stage of a polymer flooding project is necessity to select oilfield or pilot area to achieve the best possible technological and economic efficiency results. This article provides analysis of the key factors influencing effectiveness of polymer flooding implementation. The paper reflects historical evolution, i.e. expansion of the technology applicability limits. Their current values have been verified, based on the analysis of the experience of implementing the technology in extreme conditions. Applicability criteria has been established as well for the polymer flooding development. The paper includes development of a uniquely designed integrated methodology for screening, assessment and ranking of promising objects for the technology implementation. The methodology is designed on the basis of a background review of completed projects, as well as on the expertise of the specialists involved in the development and scientific support of chemical enhanced oil recovery projects implementation. The purpose of the methodology is to create a basic universal tool for an express assessment of the prospects for using polymer flooding in different fields, which a wide range of specialists in the oil and gas industry could apply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an editorial that highlights the significance of polymer processing techniques in the production of polymer components. It emphasizes the importance of using advanced modeling codes and experimental work to optimize polymer processing. The editorial presents several cutting-edge papers that contribute to the numerical, theoretical, and experimental knowledge of polymer physics. These papers cover a range of topics, including numerical methods for fluid flow simulations, non-Newtonian fluid mixing, molecular dynamics simulations of DNA polymers, theoretical models for polystyrene behavior, analytical solutions for polymer fluid flows, experimental investigations on drag-reducing polymers, characterization of thin films for energy storage, fabrication of cellulose nanocrystal-based materials, dynamic crushing performance of expanded polyethylene, and the influence of polycarboxylate ether superplasticizers on concrete behavior. The editorial concludes by stating that it serves as a valuable reference for researchers interested in staying updated on cutting-edge technologies in polymer physics. [Extracted from the article]

Electrospinning (ES) methods that can produce piezoelectricity in polymer nanofibers have attracted tremendous research attention. These electrospun polymer nanofibers can be employed for sensors, energy harvesting, tissue engineering, and filtration applications. This paper reviews the performance of a variety of electrospun piezoelectric polymer nanofibers produced by different ES methods, including near‐field electrospinning and conventional far‐field electrospinning methods. Herein, it is described how the ES method can affect the piezoelectric properties of various polymer nanofibers, including poly(vinylidene difluorine), poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene), nylon 11, poly(l‐lactic acid), and poly(α‐benzyl‐l‐glutamate). Due to the varied matrix structures of piezoelectric polymer nanofibers, the ES method may conduct variable effects on the piezoelectric properties of polymer nanofibers. After characterizations by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, dielectric spectra, and piezoelectric coefficient measurements, it is found that the piezoelectric properties of the polymer nanofibers can be significantly affected by the ES parameters. Most of previous review articles focus on the output performance of electrospun polymer nanofibers. A detailed description of how different ES methods affect the piezoelectricity of polymer nanofibers is still lacking. In this review paper, the basic principle behind ES methods and the way in which different ES methods affect the properties of polymer nanofibers are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a solution to the need for appropriate methods to control the health of the final product which is among the challenges of applying three-dimensional (3D) printers in mass production. Sheared laser interferometry so-called shearography is considered a proper option for this aim. The main objective of this paper is to inspect defective 3D-printed polymer parts. In addition, this study explores the influence of the infill percentage of the samples on the defect detectability as well as the shearography setup parameters. To this aim, three samples of Polylactic-acid (PLA) with different infill percentages were printed by the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. Burnt filament defects were deliberately created inside the samples during printing. Shearography tests were carried out applying thermal excitation. Based on the results, the infill percentage directly affects the defect detectability as well as the shearography parameters. Accordingly, an increase in infill percentage enhanced the quality of shearography resultant fringe patterns. Additionally, it significantly leads to an increase in the detectable range of loading size and shear distance. Therefore, shearography was regarded as appropriate for detecting burnt filament defects, especially in high infill percentages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The commercial use of polymers has expanded considerably in recent decades, resulting in exponential expansion in the polymer production business. As a result, polymer recycling is critical to the circular economy's sustainability. Governments and organizations are making significant efforts to reduce the carbon footprint generated by the use of synthetic polymers. Organizations such as the United Nations routinely launch initiatives worldwide to educate people and limit plastic manufacture. UNEP aims to reduce plastic output by 80% by 2040 by establishing a circular economy between the production and use of plastic. The manufacturing industry likewise takes huge steps to lessen its reliance on plastic. The industry is developing new ways and technologies to recycle these polymers sustainably. This paper studies and examines waste thermoplastic and thermoset material recycling initiatives made by other researchers. Various forms of recycling, primary, secondary, thermal, chemical, and biological are explored along with the sustainability of that particular recycling technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new type of foldcore sandwich panel (tentatively called X‐type foldcore sandwich panel) is proposed by combining the X‐type corrugated sandwich panel and the Miura‐ori sandwich panel. The experimental specimens are prepared by using a glass fiber‐reinforced polymer. To systematically reveal the low‐velocity response mechanism and impact resistance of sandwich panels, a hemispherical impactor is used to impact panels. The effects of impact energy, impact position, diameter of tup, and impact mass on low‐velocity impact performance of X‐type foldcore sandwich panels are considered. The damage morphology, response process, and failure mechanism are analyzed under different working conditions. The results show that under the impact of 75 and 125 J, the impact resistance of the node is better than that of the base. Under 200 J impact, the impact resistance of the base is better than that of the node. Compared with the traditional foldcore sandwich panel, the new configuration reduces the impact resistance difference between two positions (node and base). Highlights: A new foldcore sandwich panel is proposed.The impact effect of energy, mass, position, and tup diameter is investigated.Damage morphology, response process, and impact resistance are analyzed.The new structure reduces differences in impact resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The New Journal of Chemistry, published by The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, contains a variety of articles on different topics in chemistry. The articles cover areas such as polydimethylsiloxane coatings, water oxidation, lithium-ion batteries, and photocatalytic reactions. The journal provides valuable insights for those interested in chemistry and covers a diverse range of research areas. The document is a list of research papers published in the journal Chemistry in 2024, including topics such as the electrocatalytic degradation of tetracycline, the construction of a supramolecular system for imaging nematic mesophase and nematode cells, insights into hydrogen bond strengths in microhydrated clusters, and the development of macrophage-red blood cell hybrid membranes for eliminating pathogens, endotoxins, and heavy metal ions from blood. [Extracted from the article]

A new generation of advanced composite materials has recently emerged through the use of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) as the reinforcing constituent in polymer matrix. In this paper, the dynamic response of polymer sandwich beams with functionally graded face sheets subject to two successive harmonic moving loads has been studied. Three different patterns of CNT's distributions for the face sheets have been investigated: Uniform Distribution (UD), Symmetrically Functionally Graded (SFG) distribution, and Unsymmetrically Functionally Graded (USFG) distribution. A thorough study on the effects of velocity, position, excitation frequency, and the phase angles of loads has been carried out using the Radial Point Interpolation Meshfree (RPIM) method based on the 2D theory of elasticity. The SFG is found to result in the highest stiffness of all three distribution patterns. Increasing the volume fraction of the reinforcement is seen to have resulted in an increase of around 33% in the flexural rigidity of the SFG beam. Also, decreasing the frequency is seen to have suppressed the deflection of the USFG type up to 90%. The current research presents a reliable computational framework to help provide an insight into the design of an optimum sandwich structure subject to a complicated state of loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The opportunity to create magneto‐responsive soft materials (MSMs) with in‐process tailorable and locally controllable magnetic properties is highly desirable across many technological and biomedical applications. In this paper, this capability is demonstrated for the first time using computer‐controlled dual‐material aerosol jet printing (DMAJP) technology. This approach allows controlled variation of composition between the aerosols of a magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) ink and a photocurable polymer during the printing process. The mixing ratio of the two aerosols determines the MNPs loading in the nanocomposite, which can be used to locally control the magnetic properties of the printed structures. The printing process is structured in a layer‐by‐layer fashion in combination with a sacrificial layer approach for building fully freestanding MSM structures that combine magnetoactive and non‐magnetoactive elements in a single process multi‐material printing method with no further assembly requirements. Using this method, the direct manufacturing of small‐scale multi‐material soft objects with complex shapes and programmable functions whose movements can be controlled by the application of an external magnetic field is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of shielding materials for 222Rn and γ radiation has crucial implications for ensuring the safety of individuals. This paper reports the synthesis of modified graphene nanosheets (MGNPs) via the reaction of KH560 with graphene nanosheets (GNPs), while melt blending and hot‐press molding technique were used to fabricate a multifunctional polymer composite shielding material, MGNP/WB/PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate). Successful synthesis of MGNP was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was utilized to assess the distribution of functional fillers within the cross‐section of the polymer composite. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that MGNP and WB particles enhance the thermal stability of the polymer composite materials. Compared to pure PMMA, 98.7% decrease in the radon diffusion coefficient was observed for MGNP1.5 wt%/PMMA composite material. In addition to enhance the radon‐blocking characteristics of the polymer composites, inclusion of WB particles also boosts their shielding capacity against gamma radiation. The 222Rn diffusion coefficient of MGNP1.5 wt%/WB25wt%/PMMA polymer composite material decreased by 99.6% and at energies of 60 KeV, 80 KeV, 122 KeV, 365 KeV, the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) for the composite material increased by 0.79, 1.97, 0.57, and 0.05 cm2/g, respectively, compared to pure PMMA. Highlights: The PMMA composite materials doped with graphene nanosheets demonstrate outstanding resistance to 222Rn.Graphene nanosheets modified by KH560 exhibit favorable dispersion within PMMA.WB can further enhance the radon resistance of MGNP/WB/PMMA composite materials.The polymer composites exhibit excellent 222Rn and gamma ray shielding properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the application of multi-objective optimization techniques, including MOPSO, NSGA II, and SPEA2, to optimize the hyperparameters of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machines (SVMs) for predicting the physical properties of textile polymer composite materials (TPCMs). The optimization process utilizes data on the physical characteristics of the constituent fibers and fabrics used to manufacture these composites. By employing optimization algorithms, we aim to enhance the predictive accuracy of the ANN and SVM models, thereby facilitating the design and development of high-performance textile polymer composites. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through comparative analyses and validation experiments, highlighting its potential for optimizing complex material systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is a significant global public health issue with increasing morbidity and mortality rates. To address this challenge, novel drug carriers such as nano-materials, liposomes, hydrogels, fibers, and microspheres have been extensively researched and utilized in oncology. Among them, polymer microspheres are gaining popularity due to their ease of preparation, excellent performance, biocompatibility, and drug-release capabilities. This paper categorizes commonly used materials for polymer microsphere preparation, summarizes various preparation methods (emulsification, phase separation, spray drying, electrospray, microfluidics, and membrane emulsification), and reviews the applications of polymer microspheres in cancer diagnosis, therapy, and postoperative care. The current status and future development directions of polymer microspheres in cancer treatment are analyzed, highlighting their importance and potential for improving patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we proposed a heteroatom substitution strategy (HSS) in the δ‐valerolactone (VL) system to modulate thermodynamics toward chemically recyclable polyesters. Three VL‐based monomers containing different heteroatoms (M1 (N), M2 (S), and M3 (O)), instead of C‐5 carbon, were designed and synthesized to verify our proposed HSS. All three monomers undergo organocatalytic living/controlled ROP and controllable depolymerization. Impressively, the resulting P(M1) achieved over 99 % monomer recovery under both mild solution depolymerization and high vacuum pyrolysis conditions without any side reactions, and the recycled monomers can be polymerized again forming new polymers. The systematic study of the relationship between heteroatom substitution and recyclability shows that introducing heteroatoms does change the thermodynamics of the monomers (ΔHpo, ΔSpo and Tc values), thereby adjusting the polymerizability and depolymerizability. DFT calculations found that the introduction of heteroatoms adjusts the ring strain by changing the angular strain of the monomers, and the order of their angular strain (M2>M1>M3) is consistent with the order of the experimentally obtained enthalpy change. Notably, the one‐pot/one‐step copolymerization of two of each of the three monomers enables the synthesis of sequence‐controlled copolymers from gradient to random to block structures, by simply switching the copolymerization temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we proposed a heteroatom substitution strategy (HSS) in the δ‐valerolactone (VL) system to modulate thermodynamics toward chemically recyclable polyesters. Three VL‐based monomers containing different heteroatoms (M1 (N), M2 (S), and M3 (O)), instead of C‐5 carbon, were designed and synthesized to verify our proposed HSS. All three monomers undergo organocatalytic living/controlled ROP and controllable depolymerization. Impressively, the resulting P(M1) achieved over 99 % monomer recovery under both mild solution depolymerization and high vacuum pyrolysis conditions without any side reactions, and the recycled monomers can be polymerized again forming new polymers. The systematic study of the relationship between heteroatom substitution and recyclability shows that introducing heteroatoms does change the thermodynamics of the monomers (ΔHpo, ΔSpo and Tc values), thereby adjusting the polymerizability and depolymerizability. DFT calculations found that the introduction of heteroatoms adjusts the ring strain by changing the angular strain of the monomers, and the order of their angular strain (M2>M1>M3) is consistent with the order of the experimentally obtained enthalpy change. Notably, the one‐pot/one‐step copolymerization of two of each of the three monomers enables the synthesis of sequence‐controlled copolymers from gradient to random to block structures, by simply switching the copolymerization temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase change materials (PCMs) have drawn considerable attention in recent years due to their capability of storing and releasing thermal energy during phase transformation. However, traditional PCMs face challenges like limited thermal conductivity, leakage while phase transformation from solid to liquid, thermal degradation, and durability. Researchers have concentrated on creating shape‐stabilized PCMs (SSPCMs) employing polymers as the supporting matrix to overcome these difficulties and incorporating highly thermally conductive additives to improve thermal conductivity. Compared to conventional PCMs, polymer‐based SSPCMs are often more flexible, lightweight, and durable and may be easily customized according to specific applications. Various factors like PCM loading, thermal cyclability, cost‐effectiveness and environmental concerns must be considered while constructing polymer‐based SSPCMs. This review paper comprehensively explored various polymers, including polyurethane, polyacrylates, polyolefin, and so on, as promising supporting materials for SSPCMs due to their relatively high mechanical strength, compatibility with PCM, excellent thermal stability, and chemical resistance. Natural polymers like chitosan, cellulose, and starch are also considered for eco‐friendly solutions. We have also discussed about specific properties of each polymer, their cost‐effectiveness, and the environmental impact while developing such SSPCMs to guide researchers in material selection. Applications of polymer‐based SSPCMs in solar energy storage, medical devices, building materials, electronics, transportation industry, and waste heat recovery are briefly discussed. Finally, some future development areas have been discussed to attract the attention of new researchers in this field. The information provided in this review will assist readers in understanding polymer‐based SSPCM and selecting their desired polymer for support material with diverse application methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a research on estimating the positioning accuracy of autonomous industrial vehicles, using an original sensor fusion combination, in specific polymer production factories environments. Mechanical and electrical subsystems designs are presented, together with the software application and testing results. Conclusions are drawn, serving for future positioning system design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acrylamide polymers with a high degree of polymerization are widely used in petroleum production. It is of great significance to study the oil displacement mechanism of acrylamide polymers with a high degree of polymerization from the micro level. In recent years, the rapid development of computer molecular simulation technology has filed the gaps in macroscopic experiments and theories. This technology has been highly valued in the study of the molecular behaviour of polymer systems. In this paper, the research progress of molecular simulation applied to high-polymerization-degree acrylamide polymer is summarized. The application status of acrylamide polymer flooding, the analysis of polymer flooding mechanisms, and the research progress of molecular simulation in acrylamide linear and crosslinked polymers are expounded. Finally, the development prospect of acrylamide polymer research is given, and suggestions are put forward in terms of simulation direction and simulation tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing technology brings new revolutionary potential for the development of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. Continuous carbon fiber reinforced composites developed using fused deposition modeling technology have the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus, light weight, and flexible design, which is the solution direction for low-cost, rapid, and flexible application of advanced composite materials in the future. In this paper, the preparation of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites with continuous carbon fibers as reinforcement and thermoplastic/thermoset as matrix, surface modification and their mechanical properties are investigated, the interfacial characteristics and properties of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under different pretreatment processes, auxiliary processes and post-treatment processes are studied, and the connection between the micro-morphology and the mechanical properties of this composite is further analyzed. The direction of defect resolution of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites fabricated by fused deposition technology is provided, and the future development direction is envisioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achilles tendon defect is caused by direct or indirect violence that makes it difficult for the tensile strength of the Achilles tendon to resist external forces. It is characterized by a lack of tissue integrity around the Achilles tendon, local bruising or bacterial infection, and ultimately leads to abnormal gait. This paper reviews the recent research progress of biodegradable polymeric materials in treating Achilles tendon defects at home and abroad, mainly introducing the therapeutic impact on the repair of Achilles tendon defects from materials alone, materials combined with drugs or cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection and quantitation of bisphenol A (BPA) in the environment and food products has been a subject of considerable interest. BPA, a diphenylmethane derivative is a well-known industrial raw material with wide range of applications. It is a well-known endocrine disruptor and acts as an estrogen mimic. BPA is an environmental health concern and its accumulation in hydro-geological cycles is a matter of serious ecological peril. This review basically assesses various chemically modified electrodes composed of diverse components that have been employed to recognize BPA in different matrices. Electrochemical sensors prepared using graphene materials in combination with metals and polymers for selective detection of BPA have been discussed extensively. The emphasis is on detection of BPA in various samples encountered in routine use such as plastic bottles, receipts, baby feed bottles, milk samples, mineralized water, tissue paper, DVDs, and others. Although research in this field is in the exploratory stage, deeper insights into fundamental studies of sensing systems, fast analysis of real samples and validation of sensors are some of the factors that need major impetus. It is expected that chemically modified electrode-based sensing systems will soon take over as a viable option for monitoring diverse pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an analysis of performance acceleration of an external laser source (ELS) model based polymer fiber gratings (PFGs) by reducing the turn-on delay time (TDelay) is successfully investigated numerically by optimizing model parameters. In contrast to all previous studies that relied either on approximate or experimental equations, the analysis was based on an exact numerical formula. The analysis is based on the investigation of the effect of diode injected current (Iin j), temperature (T), recombination rate coefficients (i.e. Anr, B, and C), and optical feedback (OFB) level. Results have demonstrated that by optimizing model parameters the Delay can be controlled and reduced effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a tertiary bile acid synthesized by the liver and has various functions such as promoting bile secretion, antibacterial effect, inflammatory treatment, cholesterol reduction, and degradation. UDCA seems to be a material that can be applied in many aspects, such as adding it to implant coating materials or wound coatings. However, until now, only experiments and studies have been conducted to administer UDCA orally as a drug. In this paper, research was conducted to serve as a foothold for the application of UDCA to in vitro research. In this study, polymer fibers were prepared using electrospinning technology by mixing UDCA with Polycaprolactone(PCL), a biocompatible polymer. Through various analyses, it was confirmed that UDCA was contained in the electrospun membrane. In addition, it was confirmed that UDCA functions properly through the appearance of antimicrobial properties in antimicrobial experiments. The PCL/UDCA electrospun fiber prepared in this study and the analysis results using it show that UDCA can be applied not only to oral drugs but also to various fields such as wound coverings and stent coating membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a unique finite element analysis (FEA) technique designed to predict elastic response in polymer matrix composites (PMCs). Extensive research has been conducted to model the manufacturing process of multiple 'L'-shaped components, fabricated from SPRINTTM materials (GLP 43 and GLP 96) at two thicknesses (15 mm and 25 mm). Three distinct FEA methodologies were utilised to determine the impact of thermal loads and rigid fixtures. An error deviation of 3.23% was recorded when comparing simulation results to experimental data, thereby validating the effectiveness of the FEA methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transdermal transport can be challenging due to the difficulty in diffusing active substances through the outermost layer of the epidermis, as the primary function of the skin is to protect against the entry of exogenous compounds into the body. In addition, penetration of the epidermis for substances hydrophilic in nature and particles larger than 500 Da is highly limited due to the physiological properties and non-polar nature of its outermost layer, namely the stratum corneum. A solution to this problem can be the use of microneedles, which "bypass" the problematic epidermal layer by dispensing the active substance directly into the deeper layers of the skin. Microneedles can be obtained with various materials and come in different types. Of special interest are carriers based on biodegradable and biocompatible polymers, such as polysaccharides. Therefore, this paper reviews the latest literature on methods to obtain hyaluronic acid-based microneedles. It focuses on the current advancements in this field and consequently provides an opportunity to guide future research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]