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The goal of this paper is to understand the interplay between seasonality and diapause on the population dynamics of ticks. To analyse this challenge, we study a mathematical model in which the population is divided into two groups: individuals with regular development and individuals undergoing diapause. A key ingredient in the model is that the common birth and death rates depend on time in order to describe the seasonal fluctuations of the environment. From a mathematical point of view, this paper offers a novel methodology to derive criteria of global attraction. In some classical models, we give delay-dependent conditions that cover the best delay-independent criteria of global attraction. We discuss how our approach improves existing results in relevant literature. Moreover, our results are simple and versatile enough to match experimental observations. To illustrate this potential, we analyse our model with parameters coming from real observations. A message of this paper is that seasonality plays a critical role in the population dynamics of ticks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning the dynamics of power prices in a given market is important for a number of players (e.g., producers, consumers, and policy makers) at both macro- and microeconomic levels. This paper analyzes the recent behavior of spot prices in eight Western European countries. The sample period coincides with the COVID-19 pandemic for the most part: it starts in April 2020 and runs until May 2023; it includes the start of the Russia–Ukraine war. We introduce a new model for the hourly spot price of electricity. The deterministic component includes yearly, weekly, and daily seasonalities; the stochastic component accounts for volatility, mean reversion, and discrete jumps. We estimate the model with publicly available hourly data. Regarding the development of the internal market for electricity, we find that core mainland power markets now move closer in step with one another than before, but the integration process of the Iberian Peninsula seems to have kicked into reverse. As for the dynamics of power prices, in the last part of the sample period the speed of reversion falls everywhere, and price volatility increases noticeably; the expected number of jumps per hour decreases, but their average size turns to positive and they become more volatile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzing seasonality in the modern tourism industry is essential for successful organization and destination management. The purpose of this paper is therefore to provide an in-depth analysis of seasonality in the main destinations in Turkey. The methods used include the seasonal index of the time series model, the seasonality indicator, the Gini coefficient, the Theil index, the Lorenz Curve, and the coefficient of variation. The results suggest that domestic tourism was moderately seasonal, whereas inbound tourism was highly seasonal during 2017–2020. Moreover, capacity utilization on average was approximately half of the relative capacity, which indicates a substantial discrepancy. One of the salient findings of this study is that the novel coronavirus disease has aggravated the seasonal fluctuations in the country's tourism demand. In addition, the paper provides an adjustment to an interpretation of the Gini coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we provide sharp criteria of global attraction for a class of non-autonomous reaction–diffusion equations with delay and Neumann conditions. Our methodology is based on a subtle combination of some dynamical system tools and the maximum principle for parabolic equations. It is worth mentioning that our results are achieved under very weak and verifiable conditions. We apply our results to a wide variety of classical models, including the non-autonomous variants of Nicholson's equation or the Mackey–Glass model. In some cases, our technique gives the optimal conditions for the global attraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SYNOPSIS: Exploring mandatory financial reporting frequency changes in the United States from 1954 to 1972, we find that a mandatory increase in reporting frequency is associated with an increase in firms' future earnings response coefficients. This effect is stronger for firms with higher sales seasonality or operating in industries with lower earnings persistence and for firms that provide more voluntary disclosures of forward-looking information after the reporting frequency increase. We also find that investors increase (decrease) the weight on long-term (near-term) earnings when pricing the firm after the reporting frequency increase. Our findings suggest that more frequent mandatory reporting can enhance the ability of investors to predict future earnings by providing additional useful information on future earnings and by triggering more voluntary disclosures. Our study informs the ongoing policy debates on mandatory financial reporting frequency by highlighting the informational benefit of frequent financial reporting for investors. Data Availability: Data are available from public sources identified in the paper. JEL Classifications: G14; M41; M48. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Similarly to other tropical, arid and semi-arid regions of the World, livestock production in the Sahel is based on extensive grazing in rangelands where managing herd mobility (transhumance and nomadism) is key to productivity and sustainability. However, in this region, government planning, impact assessments and climate change adaptation solutions face several methodological limitations and lack of data availability particularly about the feed and forage resources and how there are used by livestock. Existing feed balances at national or regional level in Sub-Saharan Africa are still largely perfectible. To address these limitations, FAO and CIRAD (French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development) have developed a tool called Feed Balance Sheet (FBS) adapted to the Sahelian livestock systems to help countries carry out improved feed balances. This new FBS tool provides the following improvements to existing feed balances in countries: (i) it considers the seasonality of feed availability and quality as well as the seasonality of animal requirements; (ii) it includes protein and energy in addition to dry matter; (iii) it takes into account a wide range of resources, including browsing of woody biomass. This article describes the methodological development and the assumptions underlying this tool, which has already been piloted in 6 countries in Western and Central Africa. It also presents the results from 2 countries (Mali and Chad) and draws conclusions on the tool's relevance and guidance for its application. It can be used to improve the resilience of pastoral communities in the Sahel and better plan responses to droughts and other types of crises. Its use requires dedicated training and partnerships between governments and science organizations for accessing the appropriate input data. Based on the tool's experience in six countries (including 2 for which results are presented in this paper), we have confirmed the key role that CIRAD, FAO and their partners must play during the first few years in coaching the different teams at the country level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the full information about the existence and nonexistence of a time-periodic traveling wave solution of a reaction–diffusion Zika epidemic model with seasonality, which is non-monotonic, is investigated. More precisely, if the basic reproduction number, denoted by R 0 , is larger than one, there exists a minimal wave speed c ∗ > 0 satisfying for each c > c ∗ , the system admits a nontrivial time-periodic traveling wave solution with wave speed c, and for c < c ∗ , there exist no nontrivial time-periodic traveling waves such that if R 0 ⩽ 1 , the system admits no nontrivial time-periodic traveling waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Finance & Financial Law / Finanse i Prawo Finansowe is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Standard long memory models are in abundance in the literature today. Selecting the best such a model in terms of capturing key requisite features and trends in data becomes a challenge. This paper addresses the issue through a sequence of Monte Carlo experiments on simulated data and introduces an interval estimate on the asymptotic variance for the long-range dependence parameter of the entire family of standard long memory time series considered within the scope of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Market concentration is associated with higher prices. However, previous research has not considered whether the market concentration effect on prices is moderated by seasonality in markets where firms switch from peak demand to low demand periods. This study analyzes market concentration effect on prices and price variability in the hotel industry. Through hedonic price models, the paper analyzes the influence of market concentration on hotel prices and how quality, distance to the city center or seasonality influence hotel prices. A higher market concentration is associated with higher prices. The effect of market concentration on prices is 1.7 times higher in the peak demand season than in the low demand season. Price variability between hotels for a given day in a particular market is partially explained by differences in service quality among hotels in the same city but also by the level of market concentration. We find that higher market concentration reduces price variability, a result consistent with the existence of tacit collusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most water-borne disease models ignore the advection of water flows in order to simplify the mathematical analysis and numerical computation. However, advection can play an important role in determining the disease transmission dynamics. In this paper, we investigate the long-term dynamics of a periodic reaction–advection–diffusion schistosomiasis model and explore the joint impact of advection, seasonality and spatial heterogeneity on the transmission of the disease. We derive the basic reproduction number R 0 and show that the disease-free periodic solution is globally attractive when R 0 < 1 whereas there is a positive endemic periodic solution and the system is uniformly persistent in a special case when R 0 > 1 . Moreover, we find that R 0 is a decreasing function of the advection coefficients which offers insights into why schistosomiasis is more serious in regions with slow water flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, investigations in the southern Iberian Peninsula have increased our understanding of the socio-economic impact of the spread of the Neolithic in southwestern Europe, including changes in marine resources exploitation. Nevertheless, considerable uncertainty still exists around the seasonality of such subsistence systems and the putative role of marine fish and shellfish to the evolving agro-pastoral economies. Earlier studies on the European Atlantic coast (including Iberia) have shown that the stable oxygen isotope (δ18O) values from the topshell Phorcus lineatus (da Costa, 1778) can be reliably used to derive seasonal sea surface temperatures (SST) during its lifespan. This information can be used by archaeologists to estimate the seasonality of mollusc collection in the past, and to shed light into settlement and subsistence patterns. This paper presents the results of a stable isotope study on archaeological shells of P. lineatus recovered from the Neolithic settlement of Campo de Hockey (Cádiz, Spain). We analysed shells from both funerary and residential contexts and found that P. lineatus was consumed year-round, but with a stronger preference during winter. Our results therefore contribute to advance our understanding of the role of coastal environments in early farming societies of southwestern Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To gain a better understanding of the sources and ecological effects of plastic contamination in Lithuanian rivers, as well as to provide guidance for mitigation, monitoring is necessary. This is a logistically and financially demanding endeavor, particularly in the case of microplastics. Citizen science provides a viable option for sampling sites that are accessible, thus enabling the monitoring of wide areas. In Lithuania, a citizen science approach was employed, with schoolchildren examining litter at riversides and identifying potential sources at 24 sampling sites in Autumn 2022 and 32 in Spring 2023, covering both large and small rivers. The maximum amount of 220 items per location was registered in Autumn 2022, whereas 111 items per location were registered in Spring 2023. The two main types of microlitter discovered were plastic (34–42%) and cigarette butts (17–22%), with glass, paper, and metal also present, which suggests that recreational visitors are the main source of litter. By K-means clustering analysis, all locations were divided into four clusters according to litter composition. To sum up, the findings of this study illustrate the importance of citizen science in providing insight into the contamination of Lithuanian rivers, which can be used to inform the development of conservation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper looks at a novel type of seasonality labeled as a seasonal Generalized auto-regressive (GAR) model. The seasonal GAR models are found to be short-memory models, and expressions for the autocorrelation function and large sample results for the parameter estimates are established. Traditional Box-Jenkins seasonality models and Gegenbauer seasonality models are compared with the seasonal GAR model. Finally, the three methods are compared in the analysis of a specific process - the Mauna Loa CO2 data - showing that in this case, the seasonal GAR model provides forecasts with a lower mean squared error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Croatian Journal of Ethnology & Folklore Research / Narodna Umjetnost is the property of Institute of Ethnology & Folklore Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The low profitability of regional airports is a major impediment to the development of regional aviation. Without subsidies, regional airports struggle to subsist financially. This paper elucidates the various revenue and expenditure heads of Indian airports and discusses the financial status of regional airports. This study also uses panel data from 42 Indian regional airports from 2014–2015 to 2018–2019 to examine the effect of possible determinants on regional airport profits and revenue. Applying Hausman-Taylor regression, the findings indicate that regional airports can expand their profits and revenue primarily by increasing domestic and international passenger flow. Lower levels of seasonality contribute to the airport revenue. Airport capacity utilisation has a favourable and considerable impact on airport profits but not airport revenue. Civil enclaves were found to be profitable. Additionally, the research findings emphasise the unpredictable nature of low-cost carriers and provide managerial implications to policymakers and regional airport operators. • This paper highlights the financial status of regional airports in India. • Lower levels of seasonality contribute to airport revenue. • Airport capacity utilisation has a favourable and considerable impact on airport profits. • Civil enclaves are found to be profitable. • The unpredictable nature of low-cost carriers is emphasised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This study will introduce a malaria model and formulate its corresponding Continuoustime Markov chain (CTMC). • The number of infected vector and infected host populations of vector-borne diseases depends on seasonal variability. • The threshold quantity R 0 is not same for the deterministic and periodic environments. • Seasonal variation influences the probability of disease outbreaks. • Random fluctuations in malaria modeling depend primarily on factors such as variations in mosquito biting rates, human mobility, and the efficacy of control interventions. • These stochastic elements introduce uncertainty into disease transmission dynamics and affect the accuracy of predictions and intervention planning. The best strategy for successfully controlling malaria transmission is suggested. • The analysis play the important role to understand the impact of various parameters and their stochastic behavior in the malaria model to prevent malaria outbreaks. Background: Malaria is the world's most fatal and challenging parasitic disease, caused by the Plasmodium parasite, which is transmitted to humans by the bites of infected female mosquitoes. Bangladesh is the most vulnerable region to spread malaria because of its geographic position. In this paper, we have considered the dynamics of vector-host models and observed the stochastic behavior. This study elaborates on the seasonal variability and calculates the probability of disease outbreaks. Methods: We present a model for malaria disease transmission and develop its corresponding continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) representation. The proposed vector-host models illustrate the malaria transmission model along with sensitivity analysis. The deterministic model with CTMC curves is depicted to show the randomness in real scenarios. Sequentially, we expand these studies to a time-varying stochastic vector-host model that incorporates seasonal variability. Phase plane analysis is conducted to explore the characteristics of the disease, examine interactions among various compartments, and evaluate the impact of key parameters. The branching process approximation is developed for the corresponding vector-host model to calculate the probability outbreak. Numerous numerical results are accomplished to observe the analytical investigation. Results: Seasonality and contact patterns affect the dynamics of disease outbreaks. The numerical illustration provides that the probability of a disease outbreak depends on the infected host or vector. Additionally, periodic transmission rates have a great influence on the probability outbreak. The basic reproduction number (R 0) is derived, which is the main justification for studying the dynamical behavior of epidemic models. Conclusions: Seasonal variability significantly impacts malaria transmission, and the probability of disease outbreaks is influenced by time and the initial number of infected individuals. Moreover, the branching process approximation is applicable when the population size is large enough and the basic reproduction number is less than 1. In the future, such analysis can help decision-makers understand the impact of various parameters and their stochastic behavior in the vector-host model to prevent such types of disease outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unpredictable external shocks exacerbate the negative effects usually attributed to cyclical seasonality. Two such recent shocks, the Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, shifted debates from crisis management toward concerns for greater resilience in visitor economies. Social tourism is an effective stimulus to destination economies and ameliorates some negative effects of seasonality, but there is little evidence on its contributions to greater destination resilience. Furthermore, resilience, a relatively new concept, is poorly defined. We establish a conceptual link between seasonality and resilience through a holistic multivariate analysis of supply, demand and employment patterns. An empirical study examines resilience longitudinally using municipal-level data, applying multivariate analysis and innovative visualization techniques, and assesses how, where and to what degree the Imserso social tourism program has contributed to the greater resilience of Spanish destinations, demonstrating its effectiveness in contributing to resilience in those which are more vulnerable due to high seasonal imbalances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorado River streamflow has decreased 19% since 2000. Spring (March‐April‐May) weather strongly influences Upper Colorado River streamflow because it controls not only water input but also when snow melts and how much energy is available for evaporation when soils are wettest. Since 2000, spring precipitation decreased by 14% on average across 26 unregulated headwater basins, but this decrease did not fully account for the reduced streamflow. In drier springs, increases in energy from reduced cloud cover, and lowered surface albedo from earlier snow disappearance, coincided with potential evapotranspiration (PET) increases of up to 10%. Combining spring precipitation decreases with PET increases accounted for 67% of the variance in post‐2000 streamflow deficits. Streamflow deficits were most substantial in lower elevation basins (<2,950 m), where snowmelt occurred earliest, and precipitation declines were largest. Refining seasonal spring precipitation forecasts is imperative for future water availability predictions in this snow‐dominated water resource region. Plain Language Summary: With over 40 million people dependent on the Colorado River, the 19% drop in streamflow since 2000 has been worrying, especially because its cause is not well understood. To explain this drop, we focused on changes to spring weather in snow‐dominated basins, which contribute over 80% of the river's water. We found spring precipitation decreases since 2000 not only reduced streamflow but also correlated with higher temperatures and evaporation rates and less cloudiness. These impacts combined to intensify streamflow declines in basins with earlier snowmelt. The importance of spring precipitation to Colorado River streamflow underscores the need to improve seasonal precipitation forecasts. Such improvements would enhance water availability predictions for the one billion people worldwide reliant on snow for water resources. Key Points: Significant decreases in spring precipitation have been observed since 2000 in headwater basins of the Upper ColoradoDrier springs have corresponded with greater spring potential evapotranspiration (PET)Spring precipitation decreases and PET increases explain much of the variability in observed streamflow deficits in these headwater basins [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Research on climatic parameters contributing to psychiatric disorder seasonality is limited, particularly in subtropical, arid climates like Rajasthan, necessitating investigation into seasonal variations in psychiatric disorder incidence in the region. This study investigates seasonal variations in psychiatric disorder prevalence over 2 years at a Rajasthan tertiary healthcare center, aiming to uncover links with climatic factors. Aims: To investigate seasonal variations in the utilization of outpatient psychiatry services and elucidate potential determinants contributing to these temporal variations. Settings and Design: This is a hospital-based study. A retrospective chart review of all new patients who utilized psychiatry outpatient services from July 2021 to July 2023 was conducted. Methods and Material: Data were gathered from psychiatric outpatient records of adults (July 2021 to July 2023), diagnosed using ICD-10. Seasons were categorized: winter (November-January), spring (February-April), summer (May-July), and rainy (August-October). Meteorological data, temperature, and day length were obtained. Statistical analyses, including Pearson correlation and Chi-square fitness, assessed seasonal associations with psychiatric disorders. Results: A total of 29,164 patient records were observed. Depression correlated with temperature and photoperiod. Mania peaked in August, linked to day length. Schizophrenia showed seasonal variation without environmental correlation. Anxiety peaked in March with no statistical significance. Obsessive compulsive disorder cases spiked in June, moderately correlated with temperature and photoperiod. Alcohol-related disorders peaked in December, while opioid dependence remained steady. Cannabis-induced psychosis peaked in summer, strongly correlated with temperature and day length. Headaches surged in August, positively correlated with temperature and day length. Conclusions: This study reveals complex relationships between seasonality, environmental factors, and psychiatric disorders, emphasizing their importance in mental health research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Efforts to understand how pollinating insect diversity is distributed across large geographic areas are rare despite the importance of such work for conserving regional diversity. We sought to relate the diversity of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae), and butterflies (Lepidoptera) to ecoregion, landscape context, canopy openness, and forest composition across southeastern U.S. forests. Location: Nineteen experimental forests across nine states in the southeastern U.S. Methods: We established 5–7 plots on each experimental forest. In each, we sampled pollinators monthly (March–September) using coloured pan traps, and collected data on local forest characteristics. We used the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) to quantify surrounding landcover at different spatial scales. Results: Bee richness was negatively correlated with both the amount of conifer (pine) forest and the extent of wetlands in the surrounding landscape but was positively correlated with canopy openness. Hover flies and butterflies were less sensitive to landscape context and stand conditions. Pollinator communities differed considerably among ecoregions, with those of the Central Appalachian and Coastal Plain ecoregions being particularly distinct. Bee richness and abundance peaked 2 months earlier in Central Appalachia than in the Coastal Plain and Southeastern Mixed Forest ecoregions. Main Conclusions: Our findings reveal ecoregional differences in pollinator communities across the southeastern U.S. and highlight the importance of landscape context and local forest conditions to this diverse fauna. The closed broadleaf forests of Appalachia and the open conifer‐dominated forests of the Coastal Plain support particularly distinct pollinator communities with contrasting seasonality. Our results suggest pine forests may reduce pollinator diversity in regions historically dominated by broadleaf forests. However, efforts to create more open canopies can help improve conditions for pollinators in planted pine forests. Research exploring associations between forest pollinators and different broadleaf tree taxa is needed to better anticipate the impacts of various management activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Humankind has faced unexperienced pandemic events since 2020. Since the COVID-19 pandemic has calmed down, we felt the need to verify whether in-hospital mortality had worsened compared to pre-pandemic conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To test the hypothesis that daily food consumption is associated with in-hospital mortality during hospitalization and to provide baseline data to examine whether the effects of COVID-19 exist or not in post-pandemic period. Methods: All hospitalized patients staying in a single institution on the third Thursday of May, August, November, and the following February were included. Compared data: (1) among four seasons, (2) between age < 75 vs. ≥75 years, (3) between <75% vs. ≥75% of in-hospital food, and (4) logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Results: In 365 inpatients, the following results were obtained: (1) no seasonality or age effect in in-hospital mortality, (2) the novel cutoff value of 75% of the hospital food requirement was used to identify poor in-hospital survivors, (3) logistic regression analysis showed low food consumption, with <75% of the hospital food requirement as the predictor of high in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: A small eater of in-hospital food < 75% during hospitalization was associated with significantly higher in-hospital mortality in patients with scheduled hospitalization in the pre-pandemic period. Then, a study protocol is proposed to test the existence of the effects of COVID-19 in the same study in the post-COVID-19 period. This study protocol is, to our knowledge, the first proposal to test the effects of food consumption in the post-COVID-19 period on in-hospital mortality in the clinical nutritional areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chimpanzee insectivory is seasonally variable, with pronounced peaks or set seasonal periods of consumption observed in most chimpanzee communities. This variation is interesting given that chimpanzees invest considerable effort into complex tool‐using behaviors to acquire insect prey. Evidence suggests this seasonal variation is related to insect behavior, but few studies have been done to empirically examine this relationship. In this study, we assessed whether a seasonal pattern of termite fishing by Nigeria‐Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) in Mbam & Djerem National Park, Cameroon was driven by termite behavior. We measured termite presence and termite foraging activity monthly at seven termite mounds near Ganga Research Station from April 2022 to April 2023. Macroscopic fecal analysis and camera traps placed at each mound demonstrated termite fishing in this community occurred from March to June, with a rare smaller period of termite fishing in October 2021. Average monthly rainfall, average monthly temperature, and average monthly fruit availability were used to examine potential environmental factors that could impact termite fishing seasonality. Termite presence was significantly different between months with and without chimpanzee termite fishing (t‐test, −6.569, p <.001). Termite presence was also significantly associated with average monthly rainfall (ANOVA, F = 13.9, p =.002, R2 =.775). Termites in this region appear to respond to the transition from dry to wet seasons by moving closer to the soil surface. This corresponds with greater chimpanzee termite fishing, suggesting that termite accessibility may be driving seasonal variation in this behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: This study investigates the factors influencing local populations of Aedes albopictus, a highly invasive mosquito species known for its role in spreading vector-borne diseases. Aimed at enhancing vector control effectiveness, the research focused on understanding the interplay between meteorological elements, human activity, and pest management efforts in determining mosquito abundance at local scales. Conducted over a study season at a botanical garden, the investigation utilized weekly BG-Trap data to observe adult Ae. albopictus dynamics. Results indicated a significant seasonal trend affected by temperature and modulated by rainfall events responsible for the observed bimodal abundance pattern. Additionally, nearby stagnant water and human presence were positively linked to mosquito abundance, while larvicide effectiveness varied with the preceding rainfall levels and application timing. Given the potential for global warming to shift weather patterns and increase the frequency of extreme events, these findings underscore the importance of integrating fine-scale ecological parameters with broader climatic trends in mosquito abatement strategies. This comprehensive approach could enhance the efficacy of interventions and mitigate the impact of mosquito-borne illnesses. Mosquito species, including the Asian tiger mosquito, can transmit disease-causing pathogens such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, with their population dynamics influenced by a variety of factors including climate shifts, human activity, and local environmental conditions. Understanding these dynamics is vital for effective control measures. Our study, conducted in Jardí Botanic Marimurtra from May to November 2021, monitored Ae. albopictus activity using BG-Traps and investigated larval control effects. We employed Generalized Linear Mixed Models to analyze variables like weather, human presence, and larvicidal control on adult mosquito abundance. Adults of Ae. albopictus exhibited a seasonal pattern influenced by temperature but with bimodal peaks linked to cumulative rainfall. Proximity to stagnant water and visitor influx directly affected mosquito captures. Additionally, the effectiveness of larvicide treatments depended on interactions between preceding rainfall levels and treatment timing. Our research emphasizes the significance of studying vector ecology at local scales to enhance the efficacy of control programs and address the escalating burden of vector-borne diseases. Considering the impacts of extreme weather events and climate shifts is essential for the development of robust vector control strategies. Furthermore, our distinct findings serve as a prime illustration of utilizing statistical modeling to gain mechanistic insights into ecological patterns and processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the impact of seasonality on Zika virus dynamics, we analyzed a non-autonomous mathematical model for the Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission where we considered time-dependent parameters. We proved that the system admitted a unique bounded positive solution and a global attractor set. The basic reproduction number, R0, was defined using the next generation matrix method for the case of fixed environment and as the spectral radius of a linear integral operator for the case of seasonal environment. We proved that if R0 was smaller than the unity, then a disease-free periodic solution was globally asymptotically stable, while if R0 was greater than the unity, then the disease persisted. We validated the theoretical findings using several numerical examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]