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This document discusses recent trends in mathematical models and solitons used to analyze real-world problems. The focus is on the application of fractional calculus in modeling phenomena such as anomalous diffusion, non-Markovian processes, and random walk. The document provides summaries of 15 papers accepted for publication in a special issue, covering topics such as digestive system modeling, COVID-19 pandemic modeling, control systems for motors, symmetry in pine wilt disease, soliton solutions for various equations, and epidemic modeling. The papers employ various mathematical techniques and provide insights into different aspects of real-world problems. [Extracted from the article]

The thermophoretic motion (TM) system with a variable heat transmission factor, based on the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, is used to model soliton-like thermophoresis of creases in graphene sheets. Painlevé test is employed to discover that the equation is Painlevé integrable. Then an auto-Bäcklund transformation using the truncated Painlevé expansion is obtained. Concerning the additional variables, the auto-Bäcklund transformations convert the nonlinear model to a set of linear partial differential equations. Finally, various explicit precise solutions based on the acquired auto-Bäcklund transformations are investigated and the researched solutions are illustrated in 3D, 2D and contour plots. Furthermore, the Cole-Hopf transformation is used in conjunction with Hirota's bilinear technique to get multiple regular and singular kink solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]