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"Settler Colonial City: Racism and Inequity in Postwar Minneapolis" by David Hugill examines the history of racism, inequity, and settler-colonial structures in Minneapolis, particularly focusing on the post-World War II era. The book explores the impact of urban change, racialized policing, and American imperialism on marginalized communities, with a particular emphasis on Indigenous peoples. Hugill highlights the structural barriers faced by marginalized groups and the need to dismantle white supremacist and settler-colonial structures. While the book primarily focuses on the violent aspects of settler-colonial urban policy, it also touches on the need to examine more subtle elements such as access to education, healthcare, and legal services. Overall, the book provides a critical perspective on the history of Minneapolis and challenges the perception of the city as progressive and inclusive. [Extracted from the article]

This paper considers the teachings of spatial thinking in two Danish school interventions with children, ages 10-13 (2018-2021), by turning Lefebvre's spatial triad into a research-based exercise. Based on children's responses, this paper concludes that, first, by allowing children to include their own spatial experiences, they can resonate with the complex ways in which the perceived, conceived and lived spaces, according to Lefebvre, are produced and reproduced. Second, while the conceived space of Lefebvre addresses the difficult premise that every space is always intended, it adds crucial insights into how spaces work conceptually as well as it helps children to work with spatial data. The results indicate that Lefebvre's spatial triad can be used didactically to develop children's spatial thinking in the classroom and in urban planning projects.

It is well known that most of the cadastral maps and property plans in Iraq are preserved in paper form, with the majority dating back to the 1930s. These maps are widely used for various purposes, such as urban planning, sewage networks, and electricity networks. However, most of these maps suffer from some distortion and wear, with some being torn and taped due to the nature of the paper material and its handling, resulting in severe physical distortion. To address these issues, it is necessary to convert these maps into a digital format and perform corrective processing to mitigate the effects of past errors. Scanning alone is insufficient as it introduces many errors. Recently, fast and accurate computer software has become available that can process data from these maps and paper drawings, including addressing the wear they have undergone, and update them to meet the needs of local authorities developing and investing in these maps and implementing development projects. This process is also essential for establishing a digital foundation for the database. Geographic Information System (GIS) applications are widely used to enhance and assist decision-makers in making decisions that align with their purposes and application scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Festival studies is not only an important field of research for tourism or event industry but is also critical for an architectural and urban design field. Due to the amount of the progress done in this field by many inter- disciplinary areas, the subsequent corpus of research on festivals appears to be relatively disintegrated. Through a systematic literature review (SLR) from 2000 to 2021, this paper examined festivals studies from tourism to urban design disciplines. In this paper, descriptive and thematic analysis were carried out to analyse the state of existing research which gave in to the concept of festival studies. The purpose is to develop an SLR that intends to establish the knowhow on festival spaces and try to explore the advancement in the field and deliver potential research directions. The corpus thus helps us in establishing the topic which is least investigated and would need more research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urban heat island (UHI) is a crucial factor in developing sustainable cities and societies. Appropriate data collection, analysis, and prediction are essential first steps in studying the effects of the UHI. This research systematically reviewed the papers related to the UHI that have used on-site data collection in the United States and Canada and the papers related to predicting and analyzing this effect in these regions. To achieve this goal, this study extracted 330 articles from Scopus and Web of Science and, after selecting the papers, reviewed 30 papers in detail from 1998 to 2023. The findings of this paper indicated a methodological shift from traditional sensors and data loggers towards more innovative and customized technologies. Concurrently, this research reveals a growing trend in using machine learning, moving from supportive to direct predictive roles and using techniques like neural networks and Bayesian networks. Despite the maturation of UHI research due to these developments, they also present challenges in technology complexity and data integration. The review emphasizes the need for future research to focus on accessible, accurate technologies. Moreover, interdisciplinary approaches are crucial for addressing UHI challenges in an era of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neighborhood Sustainability Assessment (NSA) has become an important topic of interest in promoting sustainable cities. It is the suitable scale of a neighborhood that allows meaningful evaluation of social, economic, and environmental impacts. Also, a neighborhood's representation of the link between the city and an individual further adds to its popularity. In an era of growing interest in socio-spatial measures for addressing sustainable neighborhoods, this paper explores the significance of measuring spatial configurations through the Space Syntax method for NSA. The study provides a bibliometric overview of Space Syntax research and a systematic literature search to review 13 research articles that use Space Syntax as part of the NSA. The review identifies integration and connectivity as the most frequently used metrics in NSA and finds that linking Space Syntax to neighborhoods' sustainable development, especially environmental sustainability, is a newly emerging topic. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion on the significance and limitations of Space Syntax as a spatial assessment method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, elevated urban linkages (EULs) have emerged as crucial components of urban development, cutting through the cities' urban fabric to accommodate the rapid expansion of urban cores and to facilitate traffic flow. However, these massive infrastructures have inadvertently given rise to urban lost spaces—vacant, inefficient areas within the urban fabric. Recognizing these lost spaces as untapped public assets, the paper explores sustainable development strategies to reclaim them into the urban fabric, transforming them into vibrant, multi-functional public spaces. The paper aims to achieve a set of urban design guidelines for rehabilitation design interventions which will be deduced into a comprehensive framework. This framework encompasses criteria for selecting appropriate approaches and types of rehabilitation design interventions, as well as design principles ensuring the desirability of the reclaimed space. The paper applies this framework to assess the El Sawy Cultural Wheel in Egypt, revealing it as a successful example of a reclaimed space. While positive aspects of rehabilitation design interventions are evident in terms of the approach and type of intervention in this case study, there are identified areas with shortcomings in fully implementing the design principles, if enhanced, could elevate the overall quality of the reclaimed space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper comprehends the global research scenario about incorporating cultural components in contemporary urban planning practice. Various urban cultural elements have been analysed under the umbrella of 'Urban Cultural Dynamics' (UCD). This study aims to identify hot spots and explore influential sources through a bibliometric investigation of the evolutionary patterns of cultural dynamics in urban planning research. Data was collected from the Web of Science core collection (1965-2021). The data mining tools VOSviewer, Biblioshiny, KNIME, and WordStat were used to analyse hot topics, keywords, influential journals, core papers, top authors, and cooperation networks of countries and institutions. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed in journal analysis. The analysis showed that publications on UCD increased exponentially between 2016 and 2022. Italy (32), China (26), and Spain (18) are the top countries in total publications. Technical universities of Dresden and Munich have the most significant influence on UCD's research, with 103 and 101 total citations, respectively. Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal of Cultural Heritage, and Tourism Geographies are the top three consistently influential journals. The top ten core papers were identified. The keywords and topic analysis charted out the evolution of multidisciplinary UCD research topics. The hotspot analysis revealed the significance of cultural dynamics in sustainable urban development. The results highlighted the need for intercontinental cooperation between developed countries and the third world. The future scope of research on UCD topics is discussed in the conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of smart cities has led to transforming modern city operations by applying emerging technologies from the fourth industrial revolution such as the Internet of Things, BIM and machine learning. To prepare for the future development of cities, it is necessary to investigate the current status of city development, research topics and the direction toward future cities. In this study, a systematic literature review was conducted following the combination of literature review guides by Kitchenham and the PRISMA statement. The review identified 141 peer-reviewed academic papers from web-based archives, such as Web of Science and SCOPUS, that were categorized into five topics related to smart cities and urban areas. The technologies applied in the research were analyzed to determine the direction future cities should take based on current smart cities and emerging technologies that will shape individuals' daily lives. However, it was discovered that research papers on critical areas, such as mobility and management, were lacking compared to those on building design and urban planning. This paper concludes with an example of a future urban area that has been transformed due to adoption of future mobility technology to address the shortcomings of the reviewed literature on building and urban environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new generation of transportation, electric vehicles play an important role in carbon-peak targets. The development of electric vehicles needs the support of a charging network, and improper planning of charging stations will result in a waste of resources. In order to expand the charging network of electric vehicles and give full play to the low-carbon and efficient characteristics of electric vehicles, this paper proposed a charging station planning method that considers the characteristics of carbon emission trends. This paper combined the long short-term memory (LSTM) network with the stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology (STIRPAT) model to predict the carbon emission trend and quantified the correlation between the construction speed of a charging station and the evolution characteristics of carbon emission by Pearson's correlation coefficient. A multi-stage charging station planning model was established, which captures the dynamic characteristics of the charging demand of the transportation network and determines the station deployment scheme with economic and low-carbon benefits on the spatiotemporal scale. The Pareto frontier was solved by using the elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm. The model and solution algorithm were verified by the actual road network in a certain area of Shanghai. The results showed that the proposed scheme can meet the charging demand of regional electric vehicles in the future, improve the utilization rate of charging facilities, and reduce the carbon emission of transportation networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building extraction aims to extract building pixels from remote sensing imagery, which plays a significant role in urban planning, dynamic urban monitoring, and many other applications. UNet3+ is widely applied in building extraction from remote sensing images. However, it still faces issues such as low segmentation accuracy, imprecise boundary delineation, and the complexity of network models. Therefore, based on the UNet3+ model, this paper proposes a 3D Joint Attention (3DJA) module that effectively enhances the correlation between local and global features, obtaining more accurate object semantic information and enhancing feature representation. The 3DJA module models semantic interdependence in the vertical and horizontal dimensions to obtain feature map spatial encoding information, as well as in the channel dimensions to increase the correlation between dependent channel graphs. In addition, a bottleneck module is constructed to reduce the number of network parameters and improve model training efficiency. Many experiments are conducted on publicly accessible WHU,INRIA and Massachusetts building dataset, and the benchmarks, BOMSC-Net, CVNet, SCA-Net, SPCL-Net, ACMFNet, MFCF-Net models are selected for comparison with the 3DJA-UNet3+ model proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that 3DJA-UNet3+ achieves competitive results in three evaluation indicators: overall accuracy, mean intersection over union, and F1-score. The code will be available at https://github.com/EnjiLi/3DJA-UNet3Plus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting sustainable communities aims at creating both environmentally and socially responsible living environments. This paper explores the role of affordable housing in promoting the long-term sustainability of a community within healthy living conditions by closely examining the relationship between affordable housing, urban development policies, and sustainability, with the capital of Lebanon, Beirut, serving as a case study. The first part of the paper focuses on the current building laws issued in the official newspaper in 2004 using a content analysis methodology to demonstrate the impact of the changes in the laws on the new morphology and social fabric of the city through the creation of a favorable environment for big developers, wealthy property owners, and real estate agencies and, at the expense of old city residents and low-income families. The second part of the paper uses the qualitative analysis methodology to justify the presence of large unused stock of residential units in Beirut, referring to information from multiple data sources selected based on their applicability to sustainable development, affordable housing, and urban planning in areas related to the case study, Beirut. This part then investigates the potential presented by this stock of residential units in Beirut to increase the supply of affordable housing and foster a sustainable community. This paper argues that the promoted vertical expansion of the city weighs heavily on the environment and fails to provide a diverse mix of housing units, excluding a significant portion of the community from the city. Alternative development models aligning with principles of sustainable development and challenging the current building laws can promote social inclusivity, reduce urban sprawl, and minimize environmental impacts associated with new constructions, thus preserving the city's physical and social fabric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing literature on the 15-minute city planning model mainly covers conceptual strategies, responsive urban transformations, and innovative urban development projects at the neighborhood level. However, little attention has been given to the actual architecture of the 15-minute city. This planning model emphasizes the relationship between time and space of services in neighborhoods, which can be used as a scientific method to fill the gaps in services in Nablus neighborhoods. Local feedback on the distribution of services, proximity, and mobility in Nablus neighborhoods has highlighted the need to reimagine the comprehensiveness, density, and accessibility of services. Additionally, the prioritization of services has changed during COVID-19, which emphasizes the importance of architecture that considers flexibility in services. To address these challenges, this paper proposes the use of prefabrication construction technology in the placement of urban service units as a sustainable architectural model to realize the 15-minute city planning model. The paper presents the integration of structural system analysis, environmental considerations, and sterilization criteria into the model and proposes guidelines for the feasibility of this model. The resulting urban service framework of the architectural paradigm responds to the pointed-out needs of the population, and the temporary introduction of the model makes the application of the model responsive to the local shortage of vacant lands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical aggression is a serious and widespread problem in society, affecting people worldwide. It impacts nearly every aspect of life. While some studies explore the root causes of violent behavior, others focus on urban planning in high-crime areas. Real-time violence detection, powered by artificial intelligence, offers a direct and efficient solution, reducing the need for extensive human supervision and saving lives. This paper is a continuation of a systematic mapping study and its objective is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of AI-based video violence detection, specifically in physical assaults. Regarding violence detection, the following have been grouped and categorized from the review of the selected papers: 21 challenges that remain to be solved, 28 datasets that have been created in recent years, 21 keyframe extraction methods, 16 types of algorithm inputs, as well as a wide variety of algorithm combinations and their corresponding accuracy results. Given the lack of recent reviews dealing with the detection of violence in video, this study is considered necessary and relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of urban public space is inherently problematic because the range of its possible uses and meanings is broad and unpredictable. This paper engages this problematic through the lens of Gibson's theory of 'affordances'—the ways the material world affords for human desires. We first explore some conceptual and methodological problems of the theory of affordances and its application in understanding and designing public space. These dimensions of affordance theory are then reconceived using the relational thinking of assemblage and actor-network theory (ANT). A key contribution of the paper is an expanded typology of affordances which includes improvised and serendipitous affordances that extend beyond the intentions of designers and users. This opens new ways of thinking about the design of urban public space as a space of possibility where outcomes are open, multiple, and unpredictable. The paper suggests how urban spaces can be shaped to better support rich cultural diversity and social inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The grid plays a prominent role in architecture, aiding in space organization and influencing all aspects of planning, ranging from urban design to intricate building details. This paper posits that the grid receives heightened emphasis in Brutalism, particularly in constructivist Brutalism, where materials and construction are intentionally exposed. A question arises regarding the grid's characteristics—despite its subtle appearance, the grid can sometimes be deceptive, ambiguous, and manipulative. The paper analyzes the merits and drawbacks of employing the grid in architecture, shedding light on its contributions to both structural and perceptual comprehensibility, as well as its role in increasing usefulness. To illustrate the application and perception of the grid, the paper examines two primary planning levels: urban planning and building design. The case studies focus on examples from New York City housing developments, specifically those constructed between the 1950s and the 1970s, and projects by architect I. M. Pei, which offer valuable insights into practical implementation. The paper concludes that while the grid can establish order, it may also engender an "uncanny" feeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decades, many scholars have studied competition between cities and entrepreneurial urban policies. Coming from the evolving field of competition research, we are interested in how competition between cities is constructed and, for this purpose, examine the competition imaginary of Vienna, a city known less for its entrepreneurial policies than for its social welfare policies. The paper employs critical discourse analysis of Viennese policy papers from 1985–2015, a period particularly shaped by the process of competitization. The analysis shows that Vienna's social and welfare policies are also decisive for the city's positioning in city competition and rankings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crowdsourced spatial analytics is a rapidly developing field that involves collecting and analyzing geographical data, utilizing the collective power of human observation. This paper explores the field of spatial data analytics and crowdsourcing and how recently developed tools, cloud-based GIS, and artificial intelligence (AI) are being applied in this domain. This paper examines and discusses cutting-edge technologies and case studies in different fields of spatial data analytics and crowdsourcing used in a wide range of industries and government departments such as urban planning, health, transportation, and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, by understanding the concerns associated with data quality and data privacy, this paper explores the potential of crowdsourced data while also examining the related problems. This study analyzes the obstacles and challenges related to "geospatial crowdsourcing", identifying significant limitations and predicting future trends intended to overcome the related challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban green spaces are essential for enhancing the quality of life in cities, providing ecological, social, and economic benefits. However, as urban development continues to encroach on green spaces, their area decreases and their structures become fragmented, leading to declines in ecosystem services. To address these challenges, this Special Issue presents 15 research papers that explore innovative approaches and solutions for the strategic planning of urban green spaces. The papers focus on assessing the dynamics of ecosystem services, developing new planning methods, and exploring green space planning from the users' perspective to enhance service equity and efficiency. These studies provide valuable insights for urban green space planning and management. [Extracted from the article]

How land markets should be regulated is a fraught political question. This paper argues that the heterodox political economy of Karl Polanyi – underutilised in urban studies and planning scholarship – provides a useful language to analyse the role of urban planning in development land markets. We ground our analysis in the concept of embeddedness, building on Polanyi's core contention that economic behaviour is not, and cannot be, distinct from social, political and cultural relations. We juxtapose an account of the institutionalisation of urban planning in England during the mid-20th century with contemporary neoliberal reforms, analysing the dynamic reconfigurations in how development land markets have been differently embedded via the planning system in relation to a shifting political, ideological and economic environment. The paper foregrounds the co-constitutive nature of state regulation and markets, moving past the simplistic regulation-deregulation dichotomy frequently adopted to frame government intervention via the planning system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the role of social research and communication methodologies in fostering substantive democratic participation and policy co-production within the context of urban regeneration initiatives anchored in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This research critically analyzes the "becoming public" of sociology and social research in participatory design processes related to traditional urban planning instruments at the local scale (Regulatory Plans) in the Italian context, specifically through the case study of the Municipality of Appignano. It questions the role of sociology in activating a competent public sphere and promoting deliberative democracy at urban and territorial design levels and whether we can identify the traits of public sociology in facilitating the different stages of these processes. This paper details a participatory process in Appignano that sought to innovate urban regeneration within complex legislative frameworks, emphasizing community engagement and interdisciplinary approaches. The findings reveal a community actively participating in the regeneration process, demonstrating a high level of agreement on various urban development strategies aimed at sustainability. This study underscores the capacity of public sociology to facilitate public debate and democratic dialogue and suggests that such participatory approaches can significantly contribute to sustainable and resilient urban development, highlighting the potential of sociology as a moral and political force in urban planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reviews the last ten years of literature relating technology and knowledge transfer with issues that permeate urban planning. In order to compose the bibliographic portfolio of articles, the methodology Methodi Ordinatio was employed in order to qualify and rank the papers according to their scientific relevance. Papers from the last ten years are used as the study framework. Results indicate that the subject, applied to the context of cities, it is little explored and existing studies are predominantly theoretical. This article also contributes by bringing important information on the topics, serving as a guide for future publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase of remote sensing image acquisition methods and the number of remote sensing image data, the traditional manual annotation and recognition methods can no longer meet the needs of the present production life. This study explores the use of deep learning techniques to improve the efficiency and accuracy of target detection in remote sensing satellite images, especially for small targets. Traditional target detection methods often face challenges in recognition accuracy and processing speed due to the specificity and complexity of satellite images, such as large size, variable lighting conditions and complex background. Therefore, this paper adopts the YOLOv5 model and introduces the CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) attention mechanism, which significantly improves the detection of small and dense targets. Experimental validation, using the improved YOLOv5 model on the VisDrone2021 dataset, demonstrates that the model improves the mean average percision (mAP) by 1.9% while maintaining realtime performance. This paper provides new ideas for remote sensing image processing, especially for applications in the fields of urban planning and automatic driving, etc. Despite the progress made in this study, the detection of small targets in remote sensing images, the limited classification accuracy and the detection of dynamic targets still need further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the challenges of implementing the CityGML standard within database environments for managing urban digital twins (UDT), with a particular focus on addressing big geodata issues. CityGML stands as a critical standard for representing and exchanging 3D urban models and thematic data, essential for effective urban planning and infrastructure management. However, integrating CityGML into databases poses challenges due to the dual requirements of geospatial and semi-structured data. While the former imposes a certain rigor in its formalism, the second benefits from more flexibility. Through a comprehensive review and benchmarking of existing database implementations, including both new distributions and those often use, 3DCityDB, CJDB, Measur3D, and Cerbere, this paper proposes a novel approach towards a multi-database CityGML environment tailored to the specific needs of UDT. The proposed solution leverages the strengths of both relational and NoSQL databases, offering a flexible and scalable architecture while ensuring data consistency, geospatial capabilities and compliance with the CityGML schema. The research hypothesis suggests integrating Cerbere, a middleware for CityGML schema compliance and transaction validation, with 3DCityDB and Measur3D (MongoDB). This approach aims to demonstrate the feasibility of managing advanced 3D data operations based on the CityGML model (3DCityDB) and scalability for big data like IoT (Measur3D) within a multi-database environment. The paper contributes to the advancement of UDT by providing a comprehensive solution for managing diverse data types, facilitating more effective urban planning, infrastructure management, and sustainable development initiatives in the context of smart cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urbanization process that is characterized by radical expansion of urban built up areas and rural urban migration has produced a new type of neighbourhood called Urban Village. In rapidly developing and urbanising countries like India and China, numerous urban villages dot the urban landscape and display typical characteristics of high density housing, migrant settlement, and a deteriorated urban environment. These urban villages are a result of dynamics of land use transformation of agricultural land resulting in an urbanized rural context and population. This research paper discusses some approaches that have been researched to address the sustainable development of urban villages. Sustainable development rests on social, economic and environmental aspects that have been largely ignored in urban planning policies. This research paper compiles the attempt to apply the principles of sustainable development through a multidisciplinary perspective in an undergraduate studio of urban design. The students documented and analysed an urban village, Alipur on Gurgaon Sohna Road in Haryana, through the lens of sustainable development. The proposed interventions pose solutions grounded in social, economic and environmental aspects. This perhaps is an indication that addressing the interconnected layers and issues could generate guidelines for steering urban village towards sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of the immense amount of infrastructure in cities, the introduction of vegetation into these constructions is expected to play a critical role in reducing the heat island effect, in mitigating the effects of climate change, and in supporting habitat connectivity and associated biodiversity. Although there is the perception that these solutions can improve the biodiversity of cities, their real value is still unclear. This paper focuses on two aspects of urban greening: green roofs and green walls. It provides a systematic review on biodiversity present in green roofs and walls, through an exhaustive worldwide literature analysis. Arthropods, bats, and birds were the three taxonomic groups analyzed in the papers included in our review. We observed a strong increase in the number of recent publications, thus demonstrating a growing interest in this topic. In summary, we found that green roofs/walls offered additional opportunities for plants and animals to thrive in urban environments because of habitat creation and greater spatial connectivity. In addition, the enhancement of other ecosystem services such as stormwater management and heat island mitigation was noted. By incorporating green features into urban design and planning, cities can support biodiversity while also improving the overall sustainability and livability of urban spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This research paper explores the innovative integration of green plant landscape design with advanced computer image processing in cloud, grid, and cluster computing environments to enhance urban air quality purification. The study begins by highlighting the critical need for improving air quality in urban areas, considering the rising levels of pollution and its impact on public health and the environment. The methodology involves the use of sophisticated image processing techniques to analyze various sensors on air quality measures and plant species their effectiveness in air purification, facilitated by the computational power of cloud, grid, and cluster computing. A diverse range of green plants was selected, and their air purification capabilities were assessed through a series of computer-simulated models. These models were developed using complex algorithms to predict the plants' performance in real-world urban settings. The research uniquely combines landscape architecture with technology, emphasizing the role of green spaces in urban areas for environmental sustainability. The results demonstrate that certain plant species are more effective than others in purifying urban air. The study provides a comprehensive ranking of these plants based on their purification capabilities, growth requirements, and suitability for various urban landscapes. The paper concludes by proposing practical guidelines for urban landscape designers and policymakers, recommending the strategic incorporation of specific green plants in urban areas to maximize air purification. Additionally, it highlights the potential of leveraging advanced computing technologies in environmental research and urban planning. This research contributes to the fields of environmental science, urban planning, and computer science by showcasing how multidisciplinary approaches can address pressing environmental issues. It opens avenues for further research in the optimization of urban green spaces using advanced computing techniques. The results demonstrate that certain plant species are more effective than others in purifying urban air. The study provides a comprehensive ranking of these plants based on their purification capabilities, growth requirements, and suitability for various urban landscapes. The paper concludes by proposing practical guidelines for urban landscape designers and policymakers, recommending the strategic incorporation of specific green plants in urban areas to maximize air purification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's increasingly complex stock era, resilient community planning for uncertainty risks is important for building resilient cities and communities and for realizing the refinement, process, and systematization of planning. Therefore, this paper proposes the concept of community planning resilience based on resilience theory and explores a framework system for evaluating the planning resilience of renewal and transformation community by taking renewal and transformation future community planning of Zhejiang as the research object. At the same time, the technical path of realizing public participation in community planning is explored through the method, mechanism, and technical platform of fuzzy group decision-making. Finally, the feasibility of the aforementioned framework and approach is experimentally explored and verified based on a typical case of renewal and renovation of future community planning. In order to make community regeneration planning more planning resilient, this paper develops a community planning group decision-making study from the perspective of community planning resilience, which provides a new research perspective for the field of community resilience and provides a reference for community planning evaluation and the construction of resilient communities. Practical Applications: In China's advancing urbanization, major cities are grappling with diverse risks, necessitating urban planning and governance with heightened resilience to face unforeseen black swan events and foreseeable gray rhinoceros challenges. This urgency is particularly pronounced in community renewal, prompting a vital shift from rigid to resilient planning methodologies. To address this shift, this paper advocates for resilient community construction to be a focal point in both policy and practical implementation of community regeneration. A novel approach utilizing the fuzzy decision-making method is proposed to establish a comprehensive resilient community renewal decision-making technology support system. This system employs a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, integrating an empowerment approach to simplify the complexities of a multicriteria index system. By mitigating the risks inherent in resilience planning, our approach enhances the scientific foundation and feasibility of decision-making in community renewal. A case study on the Future Community in Zhejiang Province validates the effectiveness of our approach, providing practical insights for constructing resilient community renewal models and system technology platforms. This research contributes to the ongoing exploration of strategies and technologies capable of addressing diverse challenges in urban development, providing references in enhancing urban resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transit as an alternative means of travel allows travelers to access a wide range of activities and services. In addition to focusing on how many job opportunities and other basic urban services such as parks and healthcare can be accessed by transit, more attention should be paid to how many transit services can be obtained and how easy it is to access them. It should be noted that accessibility by transit and accessibility to transit are not the same thing, and most existing studies tend to focus on the former while ignoring the measurement of the latter. However, accessibility to transit is an important concept that can provide a framework for understanding and explaining the availability of transit services. In the literature, transit is more often used as a tool for accessing activities and opportunities to analyze the basic services such as healthcare resources and job opportunities that can be accessed, which not only ignores the transit service provided by the means of transit as a supplying facility, but also ignores the diversity of facilities in the integrated public transportation system. With this in mind, this paper introduces the entropy index into the adjusted Gaussian two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method to measure accessibility to transit to capture how the overall accessibility changes when considering different transit facilities. From the spatial distribution of accessibility, the areas with high accessibility score are distributed in the six core administrative districts of Beijing, accounting for 99.3% of the grids with high accessibility scores. When considering facility diversity, 46.7% of the grids within the core administrative districts experience an increase in their accessibility rank, and there is an increase in the number of grids with high accessibility. The research results indicate that considering facility diversity enhances the accessibility level of grids, elucidates the diversity differences in each area, and provides valuable information for the location selection of transit facilities and urban planning. The applicability of the proposed method to Beijing illustrates that it can provide valuable insights for the measurement of accessibility, which can help planners obtain more effective evaluation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marginalized communities disproportionately experience the impacts of climate change, including more intense flooding and longer recovery times from disasters. Youth, particularly those belonging to marginalized communities, are consistently underrepresented in infrastructure planning decisions despite being the group most impacted by the long time scales of climate change, water management, and community infrastructure decisions. This paper investigates the novel perspectives that youth bring to planning processes and resulting impacts on recommendations for green stormwater infrastructure solutions to address flooding and community-scale factors important to achieving disaster resilience. Particular attention is paid to the infrastructure benefits prioritized by youth and characteristics of selected locations for infrastructure solutions. Further, the capabilities possessed by youth to effectively advocate for specific community infrastructure changes are not well researched, and the education and resources required to transform youth advocacy into action are not well understood. Through mixed methods, including quantitative and qualitative data and analysis, this paper explores the impact of youth education on building advocacy and the ability to create implementable stormwater infrastructure designs. The research is based on the development and implementation of a new interdisciplinary program called Youth Advocacy for Resilience to Disasters (YARDs). Funded by the National Science Foundation, the YARDs program teaches youth about natural disasters, resilience, data communication, green infrastructure, and presentation skills. The curriculum was developed by interdisciplinary researcher teams, combining civil engineering, sociology, urban planning, digital media, and education research. The program was piloted as a weeklong summer program for middle school students, and later implemented as a semester-long program. Both implementations focused on students developing green infrastructure recommendations that address flooding and other student-identified risks to communicate to community decision makers. The methods are readily transferable to other potential youth programs in areas impacted by flooding with expansion to additional communities facing different combinations of disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zimbabwe implemented the Fast-Track Land Reform Program (FTLRP) in the year 2000. This program has had far-reaching implications on urban development, especially on urban land markets in cities and towns. This paper highlights the implications of the land reform program on urban land markets, using Harare as a case study. The paper is based on document review (policy, academic and development literature) and interviews with key informants with experience and knowledge of the land reform and its associated implications on urban land markets. Our analysis demonstrates that the land reform process in peri-urban spaces was complex and largely driven by political interests. The land reform process distorted the urban planning processes, leading to disparities in the land markets. Such disparities include informal and uncontrolled processes of accessing land and, ultimately, rapid development of informal settlements in the city. Political elites and land barons took advantage of the land reform program extorting money from desperate home-seekers. We conclude that the distortion of urban land markets by politically driven land reform processes negatively affects sustainable urban development. Overall, the paper makes a valuable contribution to the growing literature on land reforms and peri-urban development in Africa, demonstrating the complex and multidimensional implications of land reform programs on peri-urban land markets. Based on the study findings, the paper provides a set of policy recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness and equity of land reform programs in African peri-urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper employs a comparative analysis to investigate the state-led use of industrial heritage in major Chinese mega-events, delving into the three cases of the Guangzhou Asian Games, the Shanghai Expo, and the Beijing Winter Olympics. Examining the evolving practices led by Chinese governments reveals unique pathways for industrial heritage and showcases its diverse roles in economic development and societal transformation. The three cases illustrate the nuanced dynamics between market forces and state interventions, emphasising the importance of strategic planning and long-term considerations in mega-event-induced heritage practices. Mega-events serve as catalysts for urban regeneration, allowing governments to allocate substantial resources to conserve and repurpose industrial heritage. However, the current paper contends that the sustained benefits of industrial heritage hinge on thoughtful planning for long-term economic and social sustainability, emphasising the need to constrain a focus on short-term gains through land revenue. These reflections contribute to a nuanced understanding of the intricate interplay between heritage preservation, economic development, and sustainable urban planning in the context of China's mega-events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluates urban planning policies in Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria, emphasizing their effectiveness, challenges, and future implications. Given the rapid urbanization in Nigerian towns, urban planning is crucial for sustainable growth. Using a literature review and qualitative analysis, the research identifies significant issues in Ozoro, including financial constraints, technical skill deficits, and political interference. Rapid population growth and urban expansion have led to informal settlements and inadequate infrastructure. The study underscores the need for community participation and modern planning techniques to improve policy implementation. Key factors impacting urban planning were identified through factor analysis: urban sprawl, environmental protection, policy effectiveness, political stability, educational adequacy, alignment with sustainable development goals, and resource allocation. These factors account for 66.55% of the total variability, offering valuable insights for improving urban environments. The study concludes that strategic policy interventions, enhanced planning capacity, and stakeholder engagement are essential for creating a livable, organized, and sustainable urban environment in Ozoro, ultimately benefiting economic growth, quality of life, and environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid urbanization will cause various land use changes and the vast occupation of green spaces, a critical factor in the deterioration of biodiversity in urbanized areas. Some species of wildlife are endangered due to habitat shrunk and fragmentation. However, Malaysia's current biodiversity protection range is still limited. The Ecological Network (EN) refers to a framework of ecological components, which can be obtained by geographical and technical approaches to support more ecological diversity ranges. Furthermore, little research has been found on EN in Malaysia and the impact of land use change on EN. Therefore, the Selangor region is selected as the study area. This paper quantifies land use change and measures the extent of land use change to obtain the EN's change. The result has shown that forestland has decreased, explored by people for housing and agriculture from 2000 to 2020. The EN has a trend of fragmentation. Overall, this study's results imply that the land use change led to EN's worsened performance from 2000 to 2020 in the study area. This paper hopes that this research could help supply information on conserving biodiversity in future development and urban sustainable planning in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities serve as both political and economic hubs. Sustainable development has long been acknowledged as crucial to the well-being of the environment, people, and society. In order to improve the current state of spatial affairs and attain long-term resilience, humanity is looking for reliable and sustainable urban planning approaches. Urban agriculture has received a lot of attention in recent years as an enduring and pervasive kind of landscape. Although the contribution of urban agriculture has been well documented in many studies on economic, social and ecological aspects, there has been little discussion of its practical value as a tool for spatial development. Additionally, the potential of urban agriculture as a landscape approach remains underdeveloped. In summary, current research and practice lacks a scientific framework for considering urban agriculture as a landscape approach to intervene in urban spaces. To this end, this paper explores the potential of urban agriculture as a landscape approach in sustainable urban planning and design through qualitative case study. Taking Songzhuang in Beijing as an example, we discuss and summarise the operational value and potential of urban agriculture from a design perspective. The findings suggest that landscape-based urbanism that includes urban agriculture can harmonise social, economic, environmental and ecological elements. Finally, in order to provide a generalised approach, this paper proposes a scientific framework for articulating a landscape approach to urban agriculture to guide future research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence and spread of infectious diseases pose considerable challenges to public health. While the relationship between the built environment and the spread of infectious diseases is well-documented, there is a dearth of urban planning tools specifically designed for conducting Health Impact Assessments (HIAs) targeted at infectious diseases. To bridge this gap, this paper develops a comprehensive framework of an HIA for Urban Planning and Epidemic (HIA4UPE), formulated by considering the progression of public health incidents and the distinct transmission patterns of infectious diseases. This framework is designed to provide a comprehensive assessment by including a health risk-overlay assessment, health resource-quality assessment, health resource-equality assessment, and health outcome-impact prediction, enabling a multidimensional evaluation of the potential impacts of current environmental conditions or planning proposals on the incidence of infectious diseases. Furthermore, this paper advances the application of spatial analysis and computation, comprehensive assessment methodologies, and predictive analytics to conduct specific assessments. The theoretical framework and analytical tools presented in this paper contribute to the academic discourse and offer practical utility in urban planning and policymaking on epidemic prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]