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China enacted and implemented a carbon emissions trading pilot policy in 2011, and whether this carbon emissions trading scheme (ETS) can promote the development of green finance is crucial to realizing a win–win situation for both environmental and economic performance. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2019, this study constructs a multi-period double-difference model (DID) to explore the impact of carbon ETS on the development of green finance and uses the spatial Durbin model (SDM) to test whether there is a spatial spillover effect of the carbon ETS on the development of green finance. The results show that (a) the implementation of carbon ETS significantly promotes the development of green finance, and this conclusion still holds through a series of robustness tests; (b) the promotion effect of the carbon ETS on the development of green finance is more significant in eastern and western provinces, non-resource–based provinces, and provinces with a high level of openness to the outside world; (c) industrial structural upgrading and green innovation play pivotal roles in achieving the desired outcomes of carbon ETS; (d) carbon ETS have spatial spillover effects on the development of green finance, with the indirect effects being more significant than the direct effects. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable reference for expediting the establishment of a unified national carbon market and the development of a robust green financial system. This holds immense significance in effectively implementing the "dual-carbon" strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large petrochemical complex (PC) widely exists in both developing and developed countries, and is expected to have a special photochemical pollution in local scale due to huge VOCs emissions. Here, a typical large-scale PC in North China was selected as the study case, to explore the character, formation and influence of local photochemical pollution regarding PCs based on an improved 0-D chemical model. In the study PC, VOCs-rich character was apparent with THCs level of 90.8 ± 28.0 ppb and THCs/NOx ratio of ∼26.2 mol/mol. Severe O 3 pollution was found in warm months with monthly mean MDA1O3 of 67.3–96.0 ppb. Model simulations showed the heavy O 3 pollution in this PC was attributed to high precursors rather than to unfavorable meteorology, and was more sensitive to NOx (with response of 1.42 g/g) than to THCs (with response of 0.12 g/g). The photochemical pollution formation potential of the emission plumes of this PC was very enormous, with production rate of 19.6 ppb h−1 for O 3 , 2.9 ppb h−1 for HCHO and 1.1 ppb h−1 for CH 3 CHO on daytime average, 1–5 greater than in normal urban areas. The higher production rates happened in morning hours, which explained the earlier peak time of observed O 3 in PCs. And about 70% of photochemical pollution (represented by O 3) would be transported to surroundings, leading to the significant photochemical-pollution hazard to the vicinity of PCs. [Display omitted] • Severe O 3 pollution was found in large petrochemical complex. • Local photochemistry was simulated through box chemical model. • High O 3 was attributed more to high precursors than to unfavorable meteorology. • O 3 , HCHO and CH 3 CHO was produced at the rate of 19.6, 2.9 and 1.1 ppb h−1. • About 70% photochemical pollution formed would be downwind output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, China's municipal solid waste (MSW) management system has been changing from mixed collection and treatment system into separated collection and treatment system. Therefore, the source separated ability of MSW, the relevant policies of MSW classification and the MSW management system are still in the stage of exploration and improvement. This study chooses to integrate waste pickers (WPs) from the informal sector into the MSW management system, so that they can conduct secondary sorting of waste as a supplement to source separation. However, the existing research does not provide a method that allows the evaluation of integrated WPs from a dynamic and long-term perspective. In this paper, the system dynamics model of MSW management is improved to provide the ability to analyze the long-term evolution of social economic benefits of integrating WPs for secondary sorting. Taking Tianjin as an example, the scenario analysis is carried out. The results show that, on the basis of the existing mixed management mode, integrating WPs for secondary sorting (80% separated rate) can reduce the waste management cost per ton by 55 yuan in 2030. Under the current situation in Tianjin where the source separation rate of food waste is 20% and the source separation rate of recyclable waste is 60%, integrating WPs can reduce the social economic cost of Tianjin's urban MSW management system by 422.45 million yuan per year from 2022 to 2030. In addition, the results show that even if the source separated rate of food and recyclable waste increases, there is still room for 20%–80% increase in wages based on giving WPs a salary higher than the national per capita disposable income in 2022. This study provides a basis for integrating WPs into Tianjin MSW management system, as well as methods and quantitative tools to integrate WPs for cities in developing countries. • Dynamics model was developed to analyze the contribution of secondary sorting of WPs. • MSW generation and disposal as well as social economic benefits in Tianjin were simulated. • WPs reduce the social economic cost 422.45 million yuan per year in Tianjin's MSW. • Even with rising labor costs, the social economic benefits of WPs are significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted on aerosol-radiation interactions over six cities in this region within the 2015-2019 period. WRF-Chem simulations on 2017 showed that based on the six-city average, the aerosol load (PM 2.5 concentrations) of 121.9, 49.6, 43.3, and 66.3 µg/m 3 in January, April, July, and October, mainly lowered the level of downward shortwave radiation by 38.9, 24.0, 59.1, and 24.4 W/m 2 and reduced the boundary layer height by 79.9, 40.8, 87.4, and 31.0 m, via scattering and absorbing solar radiation. The sensitivity of meteorological changes to identical aerosol loads varied in the order July > January > October and April. Then, the cooling and stabilizing effects of aerosols further led to increases in PM 2.5 , by 23.0, 3.4, 4.6, and 7.3 µg/m 3 respectively in the four months. The sensitivity of the effect of aerosols on PM 2.5 was greatest in January rather than in July, contrary to the effect on meteorology. Moreover, a negative linear relation was observed between daily BLH reductions and aerosol loads in fall and winter, and between PM 2.5 increases and aerosol loads in all seasons. With the PM 2.5 pollution improvements in this region, the aerosol radiative forcing was effectively reduced. This should result in daily BLH increases of 10-24 m in fall and winter, and the estimates in Beijing agreed well with the corresponding results based on AMDAR data. Additionally, the reduction in aerosol radiation effects brought about daily PM 2.5 decreases of 1.6-2.8 µg/m 3 , accounting for 7.0%-17.7% in PM 2.5 improvements., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentration, source profiles, O 3 and SOA formation, and health risks were investigated in the petrochemical industry in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. The results showed that total VOCs concentrations were 547.1-1956.5 μg·m -3 , and alkanes were the most abundant group in all processes (31.4%-54.6%), followed by alkenes (20.6%-29.2%) and aromatics (10.1%-25.1%). Moreover, ethylene (11.3%), iso-pentane (7.1%), n-hexane (5.1%), benzene (4.9%) and 2,2-dimethylbutae (4.8%) were identified as the top five species released for the whole petrochemical industry. The coefficient of divergence between the source profiles from different processes was 0.49-0.73, indicating that most source profiles must not be similar. Moreover, because of the different raw materials and technologies used, the source profiles in this study are significantly different from those of other regions. The ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potentials (OFPs and SOAPs) were evaluated, suggesting that ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, m,p-xylene, and 1,3-butadiene should be preferentially controlled to reduce OFPs. That benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene, isopropylbenzene, o-ethyltoluene, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene should be priority control compounds for SOAPs. Additionally, the total hazard ratio for non-cancer risk ranged from 0.9 to 7.7, and only living area was unlikely to be related to adverse health effects. Cancer risks associated with organic chemicals, rubber synthesis, oil refining, and wastewater collection and treatment have definite risks, whereas other processes have probable risks. This study provides a scientific basis for VOCs emission control and management and guides human health in the petrochemical industry., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)