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Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the legislation on limitation on cash payment from a comparative perspective with France. This legal provision has been the subject of inconsistency and lack of clarity for the past two decades. Design/methodology/approach: This paper uses a doctrinal legal research technique based on an analysis of the law and how it is interpreted in relation to Mauritius's prohibition on cash payments. Section 5 of the FIAMLA 2002 is interpreted in large part by this assessment using legal precedents from the Supreme Court and other Mauritius judicial authorities. France has been chosen as the comparative jurisdiction as it has well-defined legal framework on cash payment limitations in Europe. Findings: The Mauritian judiciary has played a far more significant and active role than the French judiciary. A cursory search reveals a dearth of case law concerning the interpretation of the pertinent sections of the French Monetary and Financial Code concerning the prohibition on cash payments. The French legal system places more emphasis on the kinds of transactions that are exempt, whereas the Mauritius system places more attention on the entities that are exempt, such as banks and other financial organisations. Originality/value: This paper fills in the gap that exists on legal interpretation of legislation on limitation on payment by cash in Mauritius. It originally contributes to legal literature on money laundering by undertaking a comparison between Mauritius and France for the benefits of students and researchers around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little recent data is available about people with visual impairments in France. This article presents the design process of an online survey aimed at providing a portrait of the life of the people with visual impairments, based on participatory research. Questions were determined and refined over several phases, including focus groups and a consensus process using the Delphi method. A total of 49 people participated in the project: people with visual impairments, relatives, professionals and researchers. The participatory design process resulted in a final survey that includes 191 questions about various topics. The value and challenges of participatory research are discussed. For example, the participatory nature of the project and its reach encouraged participants to stay involved even though the development process was time consuming. The data collected with the survey will be used to capture the diversity of people with visual impairments in terms of (dis)ability, needs and resources. Points of interest: Little recent data is available concerning the daily life of people with visual impairment A survey was designed using participatory research with people with visual impairments, relatives or caregivers, visual impairment professionals and researchers. Focus groups and consensus methods were used to both give participants some voice to express their personal experience and select issues collectively judged as relevant. This paper illustrates that participatory research with people with visual impairments is possible, and presents the added value and main challenges of this approach. This survey will allow a better understanding of the French population affected by visual impairment and its impacts on a range of aspects of daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known about the subject: Caring for a family member with a mental illness induces a burden on the caregiver, an impact on their quality of life and premature ageing of more than ten years. What the paper adds to existing knowledge: We conducted systematised and individualised nursing interviews with family members, on the first days of a relative's hospitalisation, during hospitalisation and three months after discharge.We observed persistent depressive symptoms during and after hospitalisation. Burden and depression were higher, and quality of life was lower, for women caregivers and when the caregivers admitted the patients involuntarily in the hospital ward. When the caregivers were experiencing a patient's first hospitalisation, we also found higher depressive symptoms and lower quality of life. What are the implications for practice: This study emphasises the need for new interventions such as psychoeducation to alleviate the suffering of families. Considering the burden of families could become a prevention objective from the patient's first hospitalisation and prevent them from mental or physical health problems. Introduction: The burden consequent to providing care to patients with psychiatric chronic conditions is often overlooked by health professionals. Aim: We assessed the impact of patients' psychiatric hospitalisation on their caregivers, through evaluating their suffering, burden and quality of life, in three stages: upon the patients' admission, their discharge and 3 months after their discharge. Method: In total, 127 caregivers of adult patients whose first hospitalisation was less than 5 years ago were assessed using the 36‐item Short‐Form Health Survey, the Zarit Burden Interview and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Results: Females and caregivers who admitted patients against their will experienced higher burden and depression and lower mental quality of life. We also found higher depressive symptoms and lower quality of life among caregivers during a patient's first hospitalisation. The caregiver's familial relationship to the patient was not associated with these outcomes. Finally, burden decreased and quality of life increased over time. Discussion: Results suggest that several variables associated with patient hospitalisations were correlated with burden, depression or quality of life. Implications for Practice: Burden could be targeted with interventions such as group psychoeducation for caregivers during or after the patient's hospitalisation, in order to reduce their distress and improve their quality of life. Psychiatric and mental health nurses can provide support to caregivers with systematic assessments of their burden and quality of life, so as to better meet their needs and promote their ability to cope with mental illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For over two decades, France's Muslim population has faced a series of legal measures and hostile public narratives aimed at problematizing their faith. Notable examples include the 2004 national ban on "ostentatious religious symbols" in state schools, which prohibits obligatory religious dress in various settings. These individual instances are compounded by more recent broader policies, decisions, laws, and executive statements that negatively impact Muslim life. This paper examines France's trajectory from a new perspective: A Muslim legal viewpoint. It argues that the French approach constitutes a two-step process of institutionalized Islamophobia, understood here as hostility towards Islam as a faith. First, the state redefines mainstream Islamic orthopraxy as "extreme", pitting ordinary religious practices against averred Republican values. Second, it seeks to promote an alternative concept of a "French Islam"—one that aligns with France's secular principles and is stripped of its religious essence—positioning it as the only acceptable framework for Muslims to practice their faith in France. We argue that this process is not about upholding laïcité or state neutrality; rather, invoking the latter serves as a smokescreen for the state's Islamophobia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contributes to understanding opportunities to use social media to identify the priorities and challenges of students from different countries in digital and face-to-face learning and networking during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the new reality after this crisis. The COVID-19 crisis resulted in intensive new e-learning and hybrid learning applications in higher education. When there is a shift from a teacher-controlled class environment to a more learner-controlled social media, the role of the educator becomes more of a facilitator. The purpose of the research is to reveal learning preferences and networking challenges that students do not usually share in a class environment. This paper contributes to developing social media activities facilitated by instructors and combined with international learner-driven knowledge sharing in global crisis situations. To study the challenges of COVID-19 for students in online learning and physical interaction, netnography approach combined with educators' interventions to study students' preferences in the Facebook group Challenges in Online Learning -- COVID-19 was applied. Research outcomes reveal that the most popular Facebook polls for students were questions about group work and exam arrangements during the pandemic and work from anywhere future prospects, cross-border mobility regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic and reasons why some students do not participate in web conferences using their computer cameras. Students shared the view that flexible online work from anywhere solutions will be, for many organisations, one of the trends that will remain after the COVID-19 crisis. The Facebook group enabled international knowledge sharing, where students and educators could share their views on many issues that will also influence the rapidly changing online learning and networking environment after the COVID-19 crisis. Applying social media in international knowledge sharing involving instructors and students from different countries can contribute to learning about the diversity of views in crisis situations and enhance international entrepreneurial collaboration.

This paper presents a method by which we combine 3 administrative procedures, used as a reference for mapping flood-risk municipalities in France. Two questions are addressed: what findings can be drawn from the analysis of each coverage? By combining them, are we able to identify threshold or scale effects? Among the results obtained, we note that CatNat (catastrophes naturelles) decrees revealed the seasonal nature of flooding, and the intensification of the damage since 2023. These decrees are linked to the existence of a PPRi (Plans de Prévention du Risque Inondation) or a DDRM (Dossiers Départementaux des Risques Majeurs); however, some communes have a PPRI or are covered by a DDRM even though they have never been recognized as having suffered a natural disaster between 1983 and 2023. The challenge for our future research is now to set thresholds in order to produce a summary map that takes account of local risk factors, and to reduce the uncertainties inherent in each of these procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This paper aimed at observing the impact of dysphonic voice on children's reception of a linguistic message by evaluating their reaction times (RTs) to instructions given by functional dysphonic and control female schoolteachers (STs). Methods: French minimal pairs such as /muʃ/ ("mouche" fly) versus /buʃ/ ("bouche" mouth) embedded in a carrier sentence "click on the drawing of..." were produced by two groups of 10 dysphonic and control female ST, matched in age and year of experience. The phonemical contrasts observed are voicing, nasality, consonantal place of articulation, vowel roundedness, and vowel place of articulation. The experimentation was presented in the form of a computer game to children from 7 to 10 years old. Two images illustrating the target words were presented, accompanied by the oral instructions recorded by ST. With a two-button box created for the experiment, children had to click as quickly as possible on the image corresponding to the instruction. Results: Our results show that the RTs of all children are affected by the ST's dysphonia, regardless of their age and that they have significantly longer RT when discriminating minimal pairs contrasting in voicing when the instruction is given by a dysphonic speaker compared to the same instruction given by a control speaker. Conclusion: These observations could be explained by the fact that functional dysphonia is associated with improper use of the vocal folds and thus an alteration of voicing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited standardized empirical research exists in France on the psychosocial implications of albinism, prompting an investigation into how affected persons adapt to their disabilities. Recent advancements in health psychology have led researchers to adopt a systemic approach, considering disabilities and involving close relatives in the adaptation process. The aim of this study was to explore the mediating role of dyadic coping within family dyads, where one is a person with albinism (PWA) and the other is a close relative. The study included 38 family dyads with each member responding individually to an online standardized protocol. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling, facilitated by a patient association (Genespoir) and professionals from medical referral centers involved in the project. Dyads with a PWA born, raised, or residing in Africa during the study were excluded. Three statistical models based on Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model (APIMeM) were Bayesian-tested using weakly informative priors. Models 2 and 3 emerged as the most effective at explaining the data. Model 2 showed the mediating role of common dyadic coping between the quality of the relationship and anxiety level and suggested that PWAs tend to feel more anxious when they report high levels of shared adaptation with their close relative. Model 3 highlighted the role of albinism-related emotional impact in mediating the relationship between stigma consciousness and overall quality of life, but this was observed only among PWAs. Greater consciousness of stigma among PWAs was associated with increased emotional impact, resulting in a more impaired quality of life. Social implications of albinism seem to be crucial in dyadic adjustment to albinism. Personal perceptions and the associated stigma (i.e., ableism) linked to albinism may influence the ambivalent manner in which individuals adapt to their condition. Future studies should further investigate these intricate mechanisms, as outlined by our proposed conceptual model. • This paper presents the first correlational psychology study on albinism in France. • This paper demonstrates Bayesian analysis benefits for dyadic models in small samples. • Significant actor effects were observed; no significant partner effects found. • Greater common coping with a partner increases anxiety in people with albinism. • Higher stigma consciousness leads to greater emotional impact and reduced overall QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphate rocks are the most important natural source of phosphorus. While a large literature discusses the conditions of their formation in marine environments, few document their formation in a terrestrial context. The Quercy phosphate mines in south-west France, known as phosphatières , are notable for their exceptional Cenozoic palaeontological content and represent a rare example of phosphate precipitation in a non-marine environment. Using the Dams 'phosphatière' as an example, this paper reconstructs the conditions under which these terrestrial phosphorites formed during the Eocene-Oligocene interval by analysing karstic sediments (sedimentology, grain size, mineralogy, and geochemistry). It discusses the origin of the karst infills and the processes involved in the genesis of phosphate minerals. The site shows three phases of infill that frame the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT). Each deposit contains both a detrital fraction and a phosphate-bearing neo‐formed fraction. The detrital input results from the mass transport of Eocene-Oligocene "siderolithic" sediments (formation of reddish clays with ferruginous concretions) derived from the reworking of lateritic paleosols. This siderolithic material was formed at the surface directly from fresh detrital sediments resulting from the mechanical alteration of the crystalline parent rock, located to the east in the French Massif Central. The climatic changes around the EOT seem to be reflected only by the groundwater dynamics recorded in the karst deposits: channels are mainly present during the late Eocene, suggesting galleries well supplied with water, while abundant desiccation cracks indicate intense dry periods during the early Oligocene. Phosphate minerals, mainly fluorapatites and carbonate fluorapatite, are present as precipitated laminated crusts along the karst walls, and as mineralised fossils and phosphatised karst walls showing epigenetic processes. Field data and thermodynamic modelling suggest a major phosphate precipitation phase before karst opening, filling, and subsequent remobilisation. Phosphate rocks and phosphatised bones exhibit a marine geochemical signature, suggesting the contribution of the marine carbonate aquifer as a source of phosphorus (by dissolution of the host rock). However, the geometric relationships of the phosphates with infills derived from reworked alterites, and the enrichment in REE, challenge the influence of pedogenetic activity on phosphatogenesis. The laminated nature of some phosphate crusts would suggest bacterial activity in the phosphate precipitation process. • Context of formation for terrestrial phosphorites during the Eocene-Oligocene times • Phosphorites are surrounding by marine Jurassic limestones and detrital deposits. • Karstic detrital fillings result from the reworking of lateritic paleosols. • Major phosphate precipitation phase is prior to the opening and filling of the karst. • Phosphate geochemical signature suggests a contribution of the marine carbonate aquifer as a phosphorus source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Relying on fire-weather indices is insufficient for proper prediction of fire danger. • Spatio-temporal effects are necessary to improve the performance of fire indices. • We used a probabilistic Bayesian framework where fires are a marked point process. • The Canadian FWI remains the most skillful indicator among the tested indices. • The most skillful model includes DC, DMC, FFMC, VPD (or Tmax) and Wind-speed. Weather conditions play a crucial role in driving fire activity in Mediterranean France. Previous research has demonstrated the influence of these conditions on the likelihood of large fire events over the world. However, certain limitations persist regarding the representation of fire weather in probabilistic models. The objective of this paper is to develop an efficient method to rate fire danger by identifying the best representation of weather data for fire activity prediction in Mediterranean France. We evaluated the performance of meteorological variables and the most common fire-weather indices (FWIs) worldwide as predictors of fire occurrence and size using the Firelihood framework, a probabilistic Bayesian model of fire activity. These models were compared to a fire activity baseline model incorporating only spatial and temporal effects but no explicit fire-weather information to allow for an in-depth study of information not captured by fire-weather indices. The results indicate that relying solely on fire-weather indices is insufficient for efficient rating of fire activities. The inclusion of spatial and seasonal effects in the models is crucial for improving the indices' performance. While the Canadian FWI remains the most skillful indicator among the tested indices, using new combinations of several of its subcomponents further increases accuracy. Various performance analyses, including threshold selections, were carried out to comparatively assess those improvements. The approach shows that probabilistic models informed with appropriately constructed fire-weather indices substantially improve various aspects of fire activity predictions in the Mediterranean area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Everyday entrepreneurs comprise a substantial portion of the entrepreneur population. This paper focuses on everyday entrepreneurship, and on its ability despite limited resources to seize opportunities. Specifically, it investigates the impact of digital platform on the performance and activities of everyday entrepreneurs in France's organic wine sector. To this end, we construct a difference-in-difference model for the period 2011–2020. We compare the performance and growth of 66 organic wine producers before and after they joined Les petites caves—a digital platform dedicated to the promotion of organic wines. Subsequently, we compare this target sample with a control sample. The results show that, after digitalization, the target sample achieves higher sales; earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization; net income; and return on assets and equity than that of the control sample. The effect of digital platform on economic performance is more pronounced for younger ventures. These findings show that recourse to new digital technologies thanks to a bricolage ability contributes to everyday entrepreneurs' operational growth and sustainability and enhances their value creation. This study recommends everyday organic wine entrepreneurs to exploit digital platforms to promote local products, improve marketing and economic performance, and revitalize winemaking territories. • Digital platforms enhance the operational performance of everyday entrepreneurs • Digital platforms exert a more prominent influence on younger everyday entrepreneurs • Digital platforms enhance value creation of everyday entrepreneurs • Digital platforms help everyday entrepreneurs to undertake sustainable development [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to understand what drives private general practitioners (GPs) to introduce digital technologies, and to use them extensively. While prior research has highlighted barriers to adoption for practitioners when digital tools are introduced by managers and policy makers, we explore how GPs having their own practice introduce digital innovation and how they integrate them into their practices. Our qualitative study focuses on liberal emergency medicine in France, providing a unique context to examine how GPs at the front lines of health system failures and changes introduce and adopt digital technologies. Through in-depth ethnographic research conducted from 2021 to 2023, we reconstruct three sequences of digital innovation since the 1990s and observe current digital tool usage among GPs. We put forward two major findings. First, the introduction of digital tools is driven in this context by the organization of GPs as a professional group that aims to enhance its capacity for action and gain recognition for its expertise. Second, the adoption of digital innovations depends on how the changes in practices involved align with the professional culture of these doctors. Tensions between the most recent digital innovation initiatives that take place during and post-Covid 19 crisis, and doctors' understanding of practicing medicine as an "art", leads to the weak adoption and even contestation among GPs. • Drivers of digital innovation introduction and adoption by private GPs are unclear. • We study digitalization among French private emergency physicians since the 1990s. • The project of empowerment through digitalization is key for digital innovation. • Economic logics are increasingly important in the introduction of digital innovations. • Digital tools are adopted if they strengthen GPs professional culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To identify correlates of hearing aid use in people with dementia and age-related hearing loss. Methods: Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of predictor variables from 239 participants with dementia and hearing loss in the European SENSE-Cog Randomized Controlled Trial (Cyprus, England, France, Greece, and Ireland). Results: In multivariate analysis, four variables were significantly associated with hearing aid use: greater self-perceived hearing difficulties (OR 2.61 [CI 1.04−6.55]), lower hearing acuity (OR.39 [CI.2−.56]), higher cognitive ability (OR 1.19 [CI 1.08−1.31]), and country of residence. Participants in England had significantly increased odds of use compared to Cyprus (OR.36 [CI.14−.96]), France (OR.12 [CI.04−.34]) or Ireland (OR.05 [CI.01−.56]) but not Greece (OR 1.13 [CI.42–3.00]). Conclusions: Adapting interventions to account for cognitive ability, country of residence, self-perceived hearing difficulties, and hearing acuity may support hearing aid use in people with dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a disease with a strong impact on the quality of life (QoL) which treatment is based on local intranasal corticosteroids (ICS) and iterative courses of systemic corticosteroids (SCS) in case of relapse. When medical treatment is insufficient, surgery is indicated. We investigated the impact of enlarged frontal sinusotomies (EFS: Draf IIb or Draf III) on QoL and annual SCS consumption of patients with severe uncontrolled CRSwNP. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 38 patients, who underwent EFS at Lariboisière University Hospital (CHU) in Paris, France, between 2006 and 2020. All patients were asked to complete SNOT-22 questionnaires concerning pre- and post-op status. Patients' medical and sinus surgery history as well as the number of SCS treatments per year before and after surgery were also collected. Results: Of the 38 patients, 33 underwent a Draf III procedure and 5 a Draf IIb, with no major complications reported. Surgery resulted in a significant improvement in SNOT-22 scores (−32.7 ± 19.3, P < 0.001), with 19/22 items improving significantly. The number of annual SCS treatments decreased significantly from a mean of 4.8 ± 4.3 to 0.6 ± 1.2 (P < 0.001). During the follow-up (mean 88 months), 95% of our patients showed a satisfying disease control and only 2 patients required revision surgery for poor disease control 5 years after EFS. Conclusion: EFS appears to be an effective and durable therapeutic option to improve the QoL of patients with severe CRSwNP and to reduce their SCS consumption without major complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Interprofessional relationships between general practitioners (GPs) and dental surgeons with a doctorate in dental surgery are essential for the optimal management of the oral health of patients. The objectives of this study were to describe the factors associated with the referral of patients from GPs to dental surgeons in France, and to improve referral practices by establishing a standardized set of items to be included in a referral letter. Methods: A nationwide, observational, survey-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from 9 February 2023 to 6 April 2023. Two 13-item questionnaires were sent to GPs and dental surgeons. Data on practitioner characteristics, frequency, and perceived usefulness of medical correspondence between the two healthcare professionals were collected. Candidate items selected by expert medical opinion for a standardized referral letter template were appraised by the responding oral surgeons. Results: A group of 245 dental surgeons (mean age: 38.2 ± 11.1 years, 64.5% female) and 235 GPs (mean age: 36.8 ± 9.8 years, 71.9% female) participated in this study. Medical correspondence between GPs and dental surgeons was reported to be insufficient by most dental surgeons (91.4%). Dental surgeons agreed that GP correspondence could decrease the occurrence of adverse events linked with dental care (mean score: 7.36 ± 2.4, for a maximum of 10). Only 20% of GPs indicated that they had regular communication with dental surgeons. The physician characteristics under study were not statistically associated with initiating referrals. The items most frequently selected by dental surgeons for inclusion in a template referral letter were the presence of diabetes (99.6%), of immunosuppression (98.8%), and medication by anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents (98.3%). Conclusions: Despite known links between oral and general health, most healthcare professionals did not engage in correspondence or referrals with the other specialty. Standardized referral letters could include the list of items for which interest was confirmed by dental surgeons (including presence of diabetes, immunosuppressants and anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Haematology is a speciality frequently confronted with end-of-life situations, and teams will be concerned by the question of medical assistance in dying. The Ethics Commission of the French Society of Haematology has conducted a survey on the knowledge and perceptions of healthcare professionals regarding complex end-of-life situations. Methods: A cross-sectionalonline survey of hematology professionals in France. The comprehensive online questionnaire addressed respondents' experience of complex end-of-life situations in hematology, based on 7 clinical vignettes. The survey contained 55 questions, 6 of which were open-ended. They were asked to give their opinion on whether it should be legalized. Justifications were then requested and analyzed by theme. Results: The survey was distributed to associations of hematology healthcare professionals (approximately 1,300 members). Overall, 182 healthcare professionals replied, including a third nurses and a third physicians. The average score for identifying complex situations was 7.1 out of 10 (IQR 5.7,8.6), with lesser knowledge of situations involving double effect, euthanasia and sedation for distress than of situations involving limiting or stopping treatment. Training in palliative care was the main driver of knowledge (p = 0.004), as well as being a physician (p < 0.001). We found that the opinions of healthcare professionals regarding the legalization of medical assistance in dying in France were diverse and well-founded. Conclusion: Hematology healthcare professionals had lesser knowledge of situations involving double effect, euthanasia and sedation for distress. Knowledge of specific situations impacts professionals' opinion on legalization of medical assistance in dying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migration studies have highlighted the crucial role of civil society organisations (CSOs) in the local politics of migration. Less explored is the impact of the material conditions under which CSOs operate. And yet CSOs delivering public services to migrant and racialised populations often rely on public funding which has been significantly restructured since neoliberal welfare reforms in many Western countries in the 1990s. This article examines how funding contexts shape the opportunities of CSOs to influence local policymaking on migration and migration-related change from a cross-country and cross-city comparative perspective. Based on the empirical analysis of four cities in France and Germany and a comprehensive dataset comprising interviews, observations and documents, we argue that funding contexts significantly impact on CSOs' potential to shape local policymaking. They do so by enhancing and restricting (1) CSOs' access to spaces of policymaking as well as (2) CSOs' capacities for political engagement. We demonstrate the mediating importance of specific funding structures and politics at both national and local scales as well as the role of state-CSO relations in manifesting and reproducing these funding contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review is to assess the literature on allied health professions escape rooms (AHPERs), investigating their common purposes and practices, and the trends in scholarship. Methods: This scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines to assess the size and scope of evidence in the literature, categorize common purposes and practices, and explore trends in AHPER scholarship. Two reviewers developed a review protocol, collected literature using a search strategy aligned with inclusion criteria, and charted review results. Results: The literature search yielded 6,170 articles. After the final review, 34 unique records met inclusion criteria. Studies were conducted in the United States, Spain, Australia, France, Brazil, and Canada. Most escape rooms reported participants, team size, puzzle type, and outcomes, but few used causal research designs, primarily using pre-post with no control designs. AHPERs represent an increasingly popular pedagogical approach. AHPERs tend to be simply structured, patient themed, and convey either disciplinary or interprofessional lessons. Generally, AHPERs were self-reported as effective and satisfying, but scholarship supporting AHPERs was insufficient in design for causal claims. Conclusion: Developers and scholars may benefit from considering frameworks and guidelines for consistent creation and increased trustworthiness in the AHPER practice and knowledge base. Where AHPER scholars can increase attention to learning outcomes, and plan scholarly works in advance of the escape room, the AHPER body of knowledge will increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Physical activity (PA) provides physical and psychosocial benefits for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). However, practice levels remain below recommendations and strategies for promoting PA in specialist centers need to be better identified. The socio-ecological model of health emphasizes the central role of policies and environment in influencing individuals' health behaviors. This model provides a basis for understanding how health professionals perceive the promotion of PA in their centers. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore intervention components of PA promotion in specialized CF centers in France that are "experienced" in PA promotion, to identify elements that can be transferable to other centers. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted with 16 healthcare professionals and pwCF. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using inductive and deductive methods classically used in psychology. Results: Five themes were extracted: the action and its context, the partnerships established around this action to promote physical activity, the evaluation of the action, its reproducibility, and the changes induced by COVID-19. Conclusions: Some factors emerged as essential for promoting PA among pwCF, notably the dialogue between the health professionals and patients, the presence of adapted PA instructors, and the involvement of partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effects of COVID-19 lockdown for people with disabilities have been examined in the social and health sciences regarding both access to health and caregiving services, and their personal experiences. This article adds to such scholarship by investigating the lived experience of the lockdown in persons diagnosed with Locked-in Syndrome (LIS) by drawing on testimonies of confinement provided between March and June 2020 by members of the French Locked-in Syndrome Association (ALIS), and responses to a qualitative questionnaire during the same period by Spanish participants of our research project. Thematic analysis was performed; through inductive coding, five major themes were identified. By the time the pandemic broke out, some persons with LIS had long led a largely locked-in life. Studying their experience will allow us promote awareness of the resources needed to ensure the rights of people with disabilities and improve their quality of life and wellbeing. Points of interest: This article examines the individual experiences of confinement during the COVID-19 lockdown of persons diagnosed with Locked-in Syndrome in Spain and France. By the time the pandemic broke out, persons with Locked-in Syndrome had long led a largely locked-in life; we have called that familiarity with confinement, which somehow prepared them for coping with the COVID-19 lockdown. Despite the impact the lockdown had on the lives of persons with Locked-in Syndrome with regard to receiving care and sociability, it did not significantly change their perceptions of their overall situation. The pandemic aggravated the discrimination usually suffered by persons with disabilities, and highlighted that (as we also show) inclusion requires giving up the 'one size fits all' approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parental reactions to children's negative emotions (PRCNEs), a type of emotion socialization, has been theorized to shape children's socioemotional development. Few studies have examined cultural variations in PRCNE among Western/Minority World cultures. The present study used a cross-cultural, preschool-based sample of 101 parent–child dyads (child age = 36–79 months, 42% females; parent age = 19–58 years, 89% mothers) from two countries: U.S. (n = 33, 58% White/European American, 87% with college or above education) and France (n = 68, 61% French or other European origin, 40% with college or above education). Parents self-reported PRCNEs across 12 hypothetical scenarios. Children's behavioral problems and prosocial behaviors were rated by parents and preschool teachers. Children's emotion knowledge was measured by a behavioral task. We examined (1) cultural group variations in PRCNEs, and (2) the relations between PRCNE and children's socioemotional outcomes. Controlling for demographics, French parents endorsed more non-supportive PRCNE than U.S. parents. Across both cultures, parents' higher use of distress and punitive reactions were linked to lower parent-rated child prosocial behaviors. These findings revealed differences and similarities in PRCNEs between French and U.S. families and have implications for early childhood education practices promoting socioemotional competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dominance of national culture in organisational environments has been widely acknowledged. This study aims to explore the impact of national culture on information security awareness by examining cultural characteristics in the public sector. Drawing on Hofstede's model, a literature review was conducted to analyze existing knowledge and identify cultural traits in selected countries. Empirical data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted in Sweden, France, and Tunisia. The data were analyzed using the Human Aspects of Information Security (HAIS) model, revealing distinct patterns and emphasising the role of culture in shaping behaviours. The findings underscore the importance of involving Swedish employees in the policy design process to effectively enhance information security awareness. For French employees, it was found that learning from past experiences and respecting hierarchical structures are crucial factors in raising awareness. Conversely, in Tunisia, information security initiatives should take into account the social and relational aspects to promote awareness effectively. These insights provide valuable guidance to managers in multinational organisations, enabling them to comprehend the underlying forces and dynamics in countries with similar characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with developmental dyslexia (DD) display partially preserved morphology skills which they rely upon for reading and spelling. Therefore, we conducted explicit and intensive training of derivational morphology in French and Swiss individuals with DD, ages 9 to 14 years, in order to assess its effect on: morphological awareness, reading (speed and accuracy), and spelling. Our pre–posttest design included a group trained in derivational morphology and a group of children who continued their business-as-usual rehabilitation program with their speech-language therapist. Results showed effects on morphological awareness and on the spelling of complex words, with a large between-group effect size for trained items and a large to moderate effect size for untrained items. All these gains tended to be maintained over time on the delayed posttest, 2 months later. For reading, the results were more contrasted, with large between-group effect sizes for accuracy and speed for trained items, reducing to a small effect for accuracy on the delayed posttest. For untrained items, small effects were observed on accuracy (at both posttests) but not on speed. These results are very promising and argue in favor of using derivational morphology as a medium to improve literacy skills in French-speaking children and adolescents with DD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Establishing and maintaining quality standards in medical laboratories is a significant challenge due to the rapid advancements in analysis techniques and technologies. In Morocco, the "Guide de Bonne Execution des Analyses" (GBEA) is the primary regulation framework overseeing quality assurance in laboratories. However, it does not adequately address potential gaps that could compromise patient safety. In this article, we compared five quality management systems through normative frameworks in Morocco, France, and the United States to develop an enhanced model adapted to the Moroccan context. The comparison reveals that the extensive roles and responsibilities of a laboratory director and the inability to delegate tasks to qualified staff members in the Moroccan GBEA pose a challenge to the effective leadership and detection of non-conformities. Adopting the French GBEA, the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments CLIA and the International Standardization Organization ISO 15189 Documentation model that covers all analytical phases, process and procedure reviews, and robust quality control measures could serve as strengths in achieving successful accreditation without compromising the laboratory's technical, administrative, and financial stability. The principles of risk management and safety are increasingly important in the analytical process to ensure ongoing improvement and the safety of both staff and patients. In this sense, adopting a progressive model, starting with detailed documentation, quality control, staff qualification and adaptation of requirements to the Moroccan context will enable medical laboratories to achieve quality without putting them in administrative and financial challenges while preserving continuous improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The choice of the first-line technique in vertebrobasilar occlusions (VBOs) remains challenging. We aimed to report outcomes in a large cohort of patients and to compare the efficacy and safety of contact aspiration (CA) and combined technique (CoT) as a first-line endovascular technique in patients with acute VBOs. Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical and neuroradiological data of patients with VBOs from the prospective, multicenter, observational Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) Registry in France between January 2015 and August 2023. The primary outcome was the first pass effect (FPE) rate, whereas modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) 2b-3 and 2c-3, number of passes, need for rescue strategy, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-2, mortality, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) were secondary outcomes. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to investigate differences between the two groups. Results Among the 583 included patients (mean age 66.2 years, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 13, median posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (pc--ASPECTS) 8), 393 were treated with CA alone and 190 with CoT. Procedures performed with CA were shorter compared with CoT (28 vs 47 min, P<0.0001); however, no differences were observed in terms of FPE (CA 43.3% vs CoT 38.4%, P=0.99), and successful final recanalization (mTICI 2b-3, CA 92.4% vs CoT 91.8%, P=0.74) did not differ between the two groups. Functional independence and sICH rates were also similar, whereas mortality was significantly lower in the CA group (34.5% vs 42.9%; OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.03 to 3.11). Conclusions We observed no differences in FPE, mTICI 2b-3, sICH, and functional independence between the two study groups. First-line CA was associated with shorter procedures and lower mortality rates than CoT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Economic evaluation aims to compare the costs and results of health strategies to inform public decision making. Although sometimes suggested, until now no national evaluation agency has recommended formally incorporating the cost of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated by health interventions into the estimation of healthcare costs., Objective: The objective of this study was to test and discuss the feasibility of estimating and including the contribution of GHG emissions cost to the total cost of a surgical intervention, with the example of robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RTA), using a micro-costing approach., Methods: The study was conducted in June 2022 at the William Morey Hospital (France). Data regarding all of the resources (labor, medical equipment, consumables), as well as energy consumption, staff commuting and waste treatment were collected and valued from the hospital point of view. Greenhouse gas emissions were valued using a cost-effectiveness approach. Several sensitivity analyses were performed., Results: The mean cost per patient of an RTA was estimated to be €4755.65, of which €152.64 (3.21 %) would be attributable to GHG emissions. The contribution of GHG emissions in the overall cost of a health intervention was highly dependent on the convention used for the price of carbon., Conclusion: Despite persistent theoretical and practical challenges, adding the estimation of GHG emission costs in the economic evaluation of health interventions may provide institutional decision makers with information that allows them to allocate the public healthcare resources more efficiently., Competing Interests: Declarations. Funding: None. Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. Ethics Approval: Not applicable. Consent to Participate: Not applicable. Consent for Publication: Not applicable. Availability of Data and Material: Data and material are not protected. Spreadsheets are available from the authors. Code Availability: Not applicable. Author’s Contribution: The study was conceived and designed by Paul-Simon Pugliesi and Catherine Lejeune. The manuscript was written by Paul-Simon Pugliesi and Catherine Lejeune. Methodology was performed by Paul-Simon Pugliesi, Catherine Lejeune, Laurie Marrauld, Guillaume Beltramo and Thomas Maldiney. Technical assistance and data collection were performed by Hervé Frick, Serge Ribes, Alexandre Benoist and Catherine Renzullo. The preparation of the operating room was done by Adrien Bevand, Stephanie Guillot and Karine Ferrare. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Paul-Simon Pugliesi and Catherine Lejeune. Laurie Marrauld, Thomas Maldiney, Romain Ter Schiphorst and Caroline Abdul Malak commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

Aims: The optimal dose of diuretics and nitrates for acute heart failure treatment remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the association between intravenous nitrates and loop diuretics doses within the initial 4 h of emergency department presentation and the number of days alive and out of hospital (NDAOH) through 30 days., Methods: This was an ancillary study of the ELISABETH stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial that included 502 acute heart failure patients 75 years or older in 15 French emergency departments. The primary endpoint was the NDAOH at 30 days. The total dose of intravenous nitrates and loop diuretics administered in the initial 4 h were each categorized into three classes: 'no nitrate', '> 0-16', and '> 16 mg' for nitrates and '< 60', '60', and '> 60 mg' for diuretics. Secondary endpoints included 30-day mortality, 30-day hospital readmission, and hospital length of stay in patients alive at 30 days. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine associations with the endpoints., Results: Of 502 patients, the median age was 87 years, with 59% women. The median administered dose within the initial 4 h was 16 mg (5.0; 40.0) for nitrates and 40 mg (40.0; 80.0) for diuretics. The median NDAOH at 30 days was 19 (0.0-24.0). The adjusted ratios of the NDAOH were 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63-1.23] and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.58-1.00) for patients that received 60 and > 60 mg, respectively, compared with patients that received 40 mg or less of diuretics. Compared with patients who did not receive nitrates, the adjusted ratios of the NDAOH were 1.17 (95% CI: 0.82-1.67) and 1.45 (95% CI: 0.90-2.33) for patients who received 1-16 and > 16 mg, respectively. There was no significant association with any of the secondary endpoints., Conclusion: In this ancillary analysis, there was no significant association between different doses of diuretics and nitrates with the NDAOH at 30 days. Point estimates and CIs may suggest that the optimal doses are less than 60 mg of diuretics, and more than 16 mg of nitrates in the first 4 h., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) diagnosed in childhood are very rare, with few data available. The aim was to describe the clinical presentation and behavior of children with pNENs at a national level., Methods: National multicenter retrospective study of all patients, aged from 0 to 17 years at diagnosis, treated from 2011 to 2020 for a pNEN and registered in the French National Registry of Childhood Cancers or FRACTURE database., Results: Fifteen patients, 13 well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) and two neuroendocrine carcinomas (pNECs), were selected. Median age at diagnosis was 14 years (range, 7-17). Eight patients, all with localized disease, had a cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS), including five cases diagnosed during systematic screening. Five (31%) had metastatic disease at diagnosis: three grade 2 pNETs and two pNECs. First line therapy included exclusive pancreatectomy (seven cases, all M0), active surveillance (three cases, all M0), medical therapies (somatostatin analogues, chemotherapy; four cases, all M1), and surgery with medical therapy (one M1 case). Three-year progression-free survival was 57% (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 27-78) and was significantly better for patients with low-grade well differentiated (73 vs. 0%; p < 10 -4 ) and localized (76 vs. 20%; p = .02) tumors. The two patients with pNECs died. Three-year overall survival was 92% (CI95%: 59-99) and was significantly better in patients with low-grade tumor (100 vs. 50%; p = 10 -4 )., Conclusion: Childhood pNENs occur more frequently in adolescents with CPS. Localized low-grade pNETs in children have a very good prognosis, whereas the treatment of high-grade and metastatic pNETs/pNECs should be better defined., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Clinostomum complanatum (Rudolphi, 1814) is known as a food-borne zoonotic parasite using freshwater fish as intermediate host, although in its native distribution area in Europe, the Danube and Po basins and the northeast of Italy, no cases have been reported. This study reports a new geographic location outside the native distribution range of this parasite. We detected high infection levels of C. complanatum in wild perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus) from the Doubs River in continental France. Clinostomum complanatum reached a prevalence of 97% and mean intensity of 5.8 cysts per fish in 33 fish examined, with most fish already infected by the age of two years. No correlations were observed between fish traits (standard length, weight, age and sex) and the number of parasites. The distribution of C. complanatum cysts in the fish body was not random. The tissue surrounding the opercula and branchial cavity, and muscles along the lateral line and near the pectoral, dorsal and caudal fins were the preferred sites of infection. Morphological identification was confirmed with molecular data. The French specimens shared identical mt cox1 haplotypes with specimens from Italy. The distribution of this exotic parasite in freshwaters in continental France deserves further research. Under the current French law, the parasite occurrence represents an economic loss for the local freshwater aquaculture industry, and a possible zoonotic risk for consumers if undetected, especially when raw or marinated fish is consumed. We provided a list of all reported hosts for C. complanatum from the western Palaearctic, discussed the knowledge gap regarding the zoonotic risk of C. complanatum in Europe, and highlighted the lack of policy that may increase the hazards posed by food-borne emerging parasites and their broader ecological impacts as alien species in freshwaters in Europe.

Abstract: Introduction : Improvements in combat casualty care have increased survival rates, but these patients are at particular risk of developing multiple organ failure (MOF). We investigated the incidence and severity of MOF in a cohort of severe combat casualties. Materials and Methods : This retrospective study included all on-duty French land army war casualties with a severe combat injury requiring intensive care unit admission during 2009-2023. Demographic data, advanced life support interventions, and outcomes were collected. Each organ failure was then analyzed during a 7-day trauma course according to the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. Results: Of the 100 patients who met the inclusion criteria, those with persistent MOF at day 4 (MOF group) represented 22% of the total population (median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score 6.0 [5.3-8.0]). Compared to those without persistent MOF, these patients were more severely injured (median Military Injury Severity Score 38.0 [interquartile range 33.0-56.8] vs. 26.5 [20.0-34.0], P < 0.001) by an explosive mechanism (68.2%) and sustained more traumatic brain injury (40.9% vs. 14.1%, P = 0.013). The MOF group also received significantly more blood units (median 14.0 [8.3-24.8] vs. 6.0 [0.0-12.0], P < 0.001) and massive transfusions (68.2% vs. 32.1%, P = 0.002). Pulmonary and cardiovascular dysfunction were the most frequently observed trauma outcomes. A multivariable logistic regression model showed that MOF persistence at day 4 was significantly associated (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]) with severe injuries (1.5 [1-2.3], P = 0.042). Conclusion : A high number of severe lesions significantly and independently increased risk of MOF persistence at day 4 after combat-related trauma. These findings are particularly relevant to current and anticipated large-scale combat operations that will challenge battlefield casualty care and evacuation., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 by the Shock Society.)

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Three French harbours connected to different water masses of the English Channel were chosen to investigate the hydrological parameters, chemical contaminants, and biofouling characteristics for 15 months. The biofouling development on two kinds of coatings, an anticorrosion coating (Epoxy) and a foul-release coating (FRC), was studied to compare micro- and macro-biofouling in harbour environments. Biofouling was investigated by considering wet biofouling biomass and composition, microalgae concentration, and bacterial abundance. The three harbours shared similar characteristics, however, some differed across seasons and in general. Only St Vaast harbour showed eutrophication with the highest nitrogen compound and phosphate concentrations. Of the 308 organic contaminants investigated, PAHs and herbicides were the most frequently measured. Between 7 and 9 metals were common to all harbours. However, these results indicated good quality of the habour waters according to the French Seaport Surveillance Network. Biofouling composition was similar between the three harbours for both soft (e.g. Ulva sp. and Botrylloides sp.) and hard (Spirobis sp. and Austrominius modestus) fouling. A highly significant effect of the coatings on the biofouling biomass was noticed, with the FRC coating being colonised by a few organisms. The FRC coating was, however, not completely efficient at preventing the settlement of bacteria and microalgae that were present only at lower abundance compared to the Epoxy coating. These results provide data useful for scientists and industries to develop a new antifouling coating generation and manage the biofouling threat in the English Channel., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Christelle CAPLAT reports financial support was provided by Normandy Region. Herve GUEUNE reports financial support was provided by Naval Group. Herve GUEUNE reports financial support was provided by EDF Energy. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: In a context of extending transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) to patients with a longer life expectancy, it is important to better document the incidence and outcomes of reintervention., Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the incidence, predictive factors, and long-term outcomes of surgical (explant TAVR) or transcatheter (redo TAVR) reintervention after TAVR., Methods: Patients who had a TAVR between 2010 and 2022 recorded in the FRANCE 2 and FRANCE TAVI registries were included in the analysis. Cumulative incidence of early (≤1 year) and late (>1 year) reintervention was assessed using the Kalbfleisch and Prentice method to account for all-cause death as a competing risk. Patients who had reintervention for infective endocarditis were excluded. Long-term mortality was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis., Results: Among 72,850 patients included, the cumulative incidence of overall reintervention at 8 years was 1.7% including 591 patients who had redo TAVR and 111 patients who required explant TAVR with a low incidence of Bentall intervention. Reintervention occurred mostly early in 62.1% of cases and was more frequent in patients who had a mean aortic gradient >20 mm Hg immediately after index TAVR. Age and mean aortic gradient before TAVR and mean aortic gradient >20 mm Hg, aortic regurgitation ≥ grade 2, and percutaneous coronary intervention after TAVR were predictive of reintervention. Six-year mortality was high but was similar in patients who had early and late reintervention (76.2% vs 64.0%; P = 0.77)., Conclusions: Reintervention after TAVR remains rare and was mostly performed early after the procedure and by redo TAVR. Further studies are warranted, particularly in younger patients with longer life expectancy., Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures Drs Durand and Eltchaninoff have received a grant by the French Government, managed by the National Research Agency (ANR) under the program “Investissements d’avenir” with the reference ANR-16-RHUS-0003, and are supported by a grant from the GCS G4 as part of the FHU-CARNAVAL, labeled AVIESAN; and have received lecture fees from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Tchetche has received consultancy fees from Edwards Lifesciences and Medtronic. Dr Cayla has received consultancy fees from Abbott, Edwards Lifesciences, Microport, and Shockwave; and has received grants from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer Healthcare, Biotronik, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, and Sanofi. Dr Akodad has received consultancy fees from Abbott, Medtronic, and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Dumonteil has received consultancy fees from Abbott, Ancora Heart, Boston Scientific, Edwards Lifesciences, and Medtronic. The other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Objective: To compare the oxytocin doses used during induction, relative to the number of labor hours, between singleton and twin pregnancies., Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study in two tertiary referral centers in France. Women with twin pregnancies who underwent labor induction with oxytocin in each center were eligible. Matching between cases (twin pregnancies) and controls (singleton pregnancies) was based on age, parity, gestational age, body mass index, and Bishop's score. We performed both univariate and multivariate analyses. The primary outcome was the total dose of oxytocin per hour (mIU/h). Secondary outcome included the maximum oxytocin infusion rate (mIU/min)., Results: A total of 400 women were included in the study: 200 women with twin pregnancies were matched with 200 women with singleton pregnancies. In univariate analysis, the total oxytocin dose per hour was significantly higher in the twin pregnancy group compared to the singleton group (360 mIU/h vs. 305 mIU/h, p = 0.01). Significant differences were also found for the secondary outcome: 10 mUI/min in the cases group and 8 mUI/min in the control group (p = 0.03). After adjustment, multivariate analysis showed that twin pregnancies were significantly associated with a higher total oxytocin dose per hour during induction (aOR: 1.95, 95 % CI [2.08, 5.32], p = 0.03)., Conclusion: In our study, women with twin pregnancies received significantly higher oxytocin doses during labor induction compared to women with singleton pregnancies. These findings suggest that oxytocin protocols for twin pregnancies may require specific adaptation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

In the context of rising food costs, low-income consumers are likely to lack financial access to a sustainable diet primarily composed of healthy plant-based food. To promote a change towards more sustainable food habits, vouchers for fruit, vegetables and legumes redeemable in supermarkets have been experimented in the urban area of Dijon (France). The objective of the study was to explore the acceptability of the intervention and the effects of the vouchers on food choices through participants' perceptions. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-seven participants, three months after the end of the intervention. The transcripts were analysed through inductive then deductive content analysis, following a process evaluation framework with two themes related to the implementation and the mechanisms of impact of the intervention. Implementation issues and feelings of discrimination were mentioned, but satisfaction was high and vouchers were considered to improve the financial situation, although the restriction on the targeted products was not always understood. Regarding the mechanisms of impact, during the intervention period, two third of the participants, especially families with young children, attached greater importance to taste and curiosity for unfamiliar food and lesser importance to price. Vouchers thus led to food purchases of higher diversity and higher enjoyment. Other participants did not change their habits, mostly because of an improper use of the vouchers or the absence of motivation for a dietary change. These findings suggest that financial incentives not only increase access to sustainable food, but also influence food choice processes and contribute to greater acceptability of plant-based food in low-income families. The results call for financial incentives to be considered as an opportunity to support changes in dietary behaviour in low-income populations., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Sandrine Monnery-Patris reports financial support was provided by Institut Olga Triballat. The Institut provided financial support which has been used to compensate the participants. The Institut did not play any role in the study design, the collection and analysis of data, in the writing of the report nor in the decision to submit the article for publication. The Institut Olga Triballat is an endowment fund set up in 2013 by Triballat Noyal, a French food company marketing organic dairy, cereal and soya products, as well as nutritional ingredients. The Institute's aim is to support “the development of initiatives to increase knowledge and progress towards a diet conducive to sustainable health. In practice, this means supporting research programmes.” (website of the institute: https://institut-olgatriballat.org). Through annual calls for projects, it provides financial support for projects relating to various themes: the impact of food on human health, the transition of food systems (waste, food innovations, the environmental impact of food, sociology of food, food education, food behaviour) and the agroecological transition., (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Paired aerobic/anaerobic cultures are routinely performed for the diagnosis of bacteraemia. This study aimed to assess the utility of anaerobic cultures in the management of infectious patients. All positive blood cultures taken from adult patients in a French hospital between November 2018 and March 2020 were evaluated. Clinical and microbiological data were collected for all patients with a positive anaerobic culture. Among the 17,272 positive pairs, 1402 included an anaerobic culture (8 %). In the 487 patients with anaerobic bacteraemia, the most commonly detected microorganisms were Enterobacterales (45 %), Staphylococcus aureus (16 %) and obligate anaerobes (6 %). In the 30 patients with obligate anaerobic bacteraemia, the most commonly detected bacterial species were Bacteroides spp. (30 %). When the bacteraemia-causing microorganism grew in both cultures (76 %), the anaerobic culture became positive prior to the aerobic culture in 54 % of cases-mainly for Enterobacterales and S. aureus. Our findings support the utility of performing anaerobic cultures., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Fermented milk products (FMP) have been consumed by humans for millennia and the associated health benefits are no longer to be demonstrated. Although the manufacturing procedure have been industrialized, FMPs are still produced traditionally in many parts of the world with variable manufacturing procedures and unknown sanitary conditions. In this study, we aimed at comparing the physico-chemical properties of industrial and traditional FMPs from France and Mali as well as their microbial diversity. Therefore, 43 FMPs from France (seven yoghurts and four curdled milk products) and Mali (seven yoghurts, five curdled milk products, and 18 traditional fermented milk products) have been collected. These samples were analyzed using the culturomics approach, and GC-MS to quantify the ethanol concentration. Additionally, products pH and salinity were assessed. The results showed that more than half (56 %) of traditional and industrial FMPs contained ethanol (min = 0.05 % and max = 3.70 % Alcohol By Volume (ABV)), with a pH and salinity range (min = 4.43 and max = 5.80 and min = 0.10 and max = 1.80 %, respectively). Among them, 14 % exceed the threshold of 1.2 % ABV authorized by French regulations for non-alcoholic beverages. While only traditional FMPs from the "Nônô kumu" category presented a lower pH value than the other FMPs, all traditional FMPs had a higher salinity than industrial FMPs. Taxonomic analysis at the bacterial species level showed that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was the dominant species isolated in Malian FMPs whereas Lactobacillus delbrueckii was the most frequent species in French FMPs. Moreover, Candida tropicalis, Candida lusitaniae, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, and Liquorilactobacillus mali were significantly correlated with alcohol production. These results were confirmed using an in vitro experimental model. This study provides novel insights into bacterium-fungus interactions and ethanol production. Moreover, these results confirmed the link between specific yeasts and lactic acid bacteria in food and ethanol content, further supporting a recently identified putative role of these microbes in liver diseases., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Objective: The out-of-hospital care pathways of people with DFU have been little studied. We used the French National Health Data System (SNDS) to collect refund and care pathway data for all French residents. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of major lower limb amputation (MA) and associated risk factors in a population with an incident DFU., Research Design and Methods: We included any person living with diabetes and incident DFU. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of MA within one year. We considered the course and consumption of care one year before and one year after the initial event., Results: In 2018, 133,791 people were included, and during the follow-up, MA was performed in 4,733 (3.5 %). Among these people with MAs, 16.4 % were included via the out-of-hospital part of the protocol, and their first contact with the hospital led to MA. Factors associated (hazard ratio, HR [95 % confidence interval, CI]) with MA were: being male (1.92 [1.78;2.08]), arteriopathy of the lower limb (10.16 [9.36;11.03]), psychiatric disease (1.10 [1.01;1.20]) and end-stage renal disease (2.12 [1.93;2.33]). Regarding the care pathway, associations (HR [95 %CI]) were observed between lower MA rates and people with more general practitioner (0.83 [0.75-0.91]), private nurse (0.88 [0.81-0.95]) and diabetologist (0.88 [0.81-0.95]) visits. Living in the most disadvantaged municipalities was associated (HR [95 %CI]) with a higher MA rate (1.17[1.06-1.29])., Conclusion: This is the first national study of the care pathways followed by people with DFU. Failures in the care pathway, precariousness and several comorbidities were identified, with an impact on the MA risk., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)

In the context of evaluating the environmental impact of deep-sea tailing practices, we conducted a case study on the Bayer effluent released into the Mediterranean Sea by the French Gardanne alumina plant. This effluent results from the filtration of red mud, which has previously been discharged into the Cassidaigne canyon for 55 years. In 2015, regulatory changes permitted the released of a filtered effluent instead of the slurry. This paper investigated the chemical impact on seawater composition a few months after this change. High metal concentrations were found in the upper 10 m above the outfall, i.e. the plume where the effluent mixes with seawater and forms hydrotalcite particles and concretions. Elevated Al concentrations at station L1 above the outfall indicated the plume presence and potential hydrotalcite dissolution up to 200 m depth, while a more distant station (L2) showed less impact, suggesting further Al remobilization from red muds previously deposited on the seafloor. Generally, metals and metalloids concentrations were within Mediterranean background levels, with some anomalies possibly linked to local submarine groundwater discharge., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Jacquet Stephanie reports article publishing charges and travel were provided by French Water Agency (EAURMC). If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Front-of-Package (FOP) nutrition labels are designed to convey the healthiness of food products and help consumers make healthier choices. This research examines how French consumers' responses to a FOP nutrition label-Nutri-Score-are influenced by their initial expectations regarding the overall healthiness of products. Based on expectancy-disconfirmation theory, we hypothesize that when products have a worse-than-expected Nutri-Score, the display of the FOP label will enhance guilt perception and reduce purchase intention. Conversely, when products have a better-than-expected score, the label display will diminish guilt perception and increase purchase intention. A pilot study, two controlled lab experiments, and one field study test our proposition. While in Studies 1 and 2 participants were randomly assigned to the label conditions (Nutri-Score vs. control), the prior expectations of healthiness were a non-randomized factor (Studies: Pilot, 1, and 2). Study 1 (N = 128) validates our proposition with judgments of an unhealthy food item (Nutri-Score-D). Study 2 (N = 147) extends these findings to both healthy and unhealthy food products. When the Nutri-Score grade was better-than-expected, it reduced guilt and boosted purchase intention, even for low nutritional quality foods (Nutri-Score-D). Conversely, a worse-than-expected Nutri-Score increased guilt and lowered purchase intention, even for healthier products (Nutri-Score-B). A field study (1680 sales) suggests that including the Nutri-Score label to products sold in a cafeteria can increase the sales of products labeled D. We show that a nutrition label may, in some cases, increase purchase intentions of unhealthy products and decrease purchase intentions of healthy ones., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: Reports have highlighted thyroid abnormalities, including subacute thyroiditis and thyrotoxicosis, in COVID-19 patients, with a potential link between thyroid dysfunction and disease severity. However, population-level studies on COVID-19's impact on thyroid hormone levels are limited. We aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on thyroid function tests at the population level., Methods: We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study on consecutive patients who underwent thyroid function tests between March 1 and April 15, 2020, during the first wave of COVID-19 in northeastern France, and compared the results with those from the same period in 2018 and 2019., Results: The study analyzed 3968 tests, including 1534 in 2018, 1547 in 2019, and 887 in 2020. Patients tested in the first wave of COVID-19 had significantly lower TSH and FT3 levels and higher FT4 levels than those in reference periods. On ROC analysis, the optimal thresholds for FT3 and FT4 were ≤ 4.5 pmol/L and > 12 pmol/L, respectively. On multivariable analysis, FT3 ≤ 4.5 pmol/L and FT4 > 12 pmol/L were independently associated with the first wave of COVID-19. The proportion of subjects with concurrent changes in FT3 and FT4 levels was significantly higher in 2020 than in the reference periods, with an odds ratio of 3.62 (95 % CI, 2.77-4.73). A phenome-wide association study of 128 clinical and biological predictors identified an independent association between a low FT3/FT4 ratio and COVID-19, hypertension, or amiodarone therapy, suggesting the contribution of euthyroid sick syndrome to this presentation. This association remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders such as thyroid disease, steroids, and iodinated contrast injection., Conclusion: These findings suggest that COVID-19 is associated with significant population-level variation in thyroid function tests, which may have implications for managing COVID-19 patients., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: High doses of amoxicillin are recommended to treat severe infections such as endocarditis. Amoxicillin causes dose-dependent toxicities, in particular crystal nephropathy. Toxicity could be avoided by monitoring of amoxicillin trough plasma concentrations (ATPC). However, the relevance of ATPC testing in routine medical practice remains poorly studied., Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical trial in adults treated with high doses of discontinuous intravenous amoxicillin in a French university hospital. The primary outcome was the distribution of ATPCs over three days during the first week of treatment. Urine tests for amoxicillin crystalluria (AC), pH, and density were also performed., Findings: Seventy patients were included. Overall intra-class correlation (ICC) was 0.35 IC95% [0.21; 0.53] with the following pairwise concordances: D1-D4 (n= 55) 0.23 IC95% [-0.02; 0.47], D1-D7 (n= 47) 0.41 IC95% [0.19; 0.63], and D4-D7 (n= 50) 0.17 IC95% [-0.10; 0.43]. Inter-individual variability was also significant, with coefficients of variation being 0.87 at D1, 1.20 at D4, and 1.35 at D7. AC occurred in 32 patients (47.8%). Risk of AC increased when pH was below or equal to 6 (P = 0.002). ATPCs were higher in patients with AC and/or acute kidney injury., Implications: Variability in ATPC was high and ATPC cannot be considered as the only monitoring tool to adjust amoxicillin dosage. High ATPC, low urinary pH, and presence of AC can alert physicians to a potential iatrogenic effect and lead to the decision to hydrate the patient, alkalinize urine and decrease the dosage of amoxicillin., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. The quality of care for EC patients may vary depending on the treatment center volume. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of center volume on the survival of EC patients., Methods: This multicenter retrospective study analyzed a large cohort of EC patients with type 1 and type 2 tumors treated between 2001 and 2020 in France. The study analyzed the impact of center volume on overall survival, as well as the impact of other factors such as age, FIGO stage, lymph node involvement, laparoscopic surgery, and overall recurrence., Results: The study found that treatment center volume had a significant impact on the overall survival of type 1 EC patients but not on type 2 EC patients. Other factors such as age, FIGO stage, lymph node involvement, laparoscopic surgery, and overall recurrence also impacted survival., Conclusion: Our study provides important insights into the quality of care for EC patients in France. The study's results highlight the impact of treatment center volume and other factors on survival and underscore the importance of high-quality care for all EC patients., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Improving adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) detection is vital for vaccine safety surveillance, as an early safety signal can help minimize risks. In February 2022, the World Health Organization reported a preliminary signal on sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, 54 million persons in France received at least one dose, covering 78.8% of the population within a year., Objective: The primary objective of this study was to identify a method of disproportionality analysis capable to detect a safety signal for hearing impairment (HI) as early as possible during the initial phases of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. Secondly, we described all cases of SSNHL reported during vaccine booster campaigns in France., Methods: Data from January 2011 to February 2022 were extracted from the French pharmacovigilance database. Cases were all spontaneous reports of AEFI for elasomeran and tozinameran, while non-cases were AEFI reported for other vaccines. Disproportionality analysis for HI was performed monthly during 2021, to estimate a reporting odds ratio (ROR). Four different methods were used for ROR estimation. Furthermore, we reviewed cases of SSNHL following messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccinations reported during booster campaigns, from 2 February 2022 to 1 March 2023, based on a comprehensive medical evaluation., Results: Using a standard methodology, we identified a signal on 31 July 2021 (ROR 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.06-2.18]). Multivariate analysis adjusted for sex, age, ototoxic drugs and excluding reference reports of common AEFI for vaccines allowed us to detect the HI signal as early as 31 March 2021 (ROR 2.67, 95% CI [1.36-5.57]). The SSNHL reporting rate was estimated to be 0.83/1,000,000 doses for tozinameran and 4.3/1,000,000 for elasomeran during the booster campaigns., Conclusion: Using a well-structured disproportionality analysis could have enhanced early detection of safety signals and contribute to risk minimizing measures. According to descriptive data, HI following mRNA COVID-19 vaccines remains rare., Competing Interests: Declarations. Funding: Open access funding provided by Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier. The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Conflict of interest: No commercial organizations had any role in the writing of this paper for publication. All authors declare they have no conflicts of interest. Ethics approval: The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Patient consent was not required because the analysis was carried out on the French Pharmacovigilance DataBase, an anonymized database. Consent to participate: Patient consent was waived as the French Pharmacovigilance database contains anonymised data that cannot allow patients’ identification. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Availability of data and material: Data sharing is not applicable to this article, as the datasets used are based on anonymised data that are protected by agreements with the French Data Protection Commission (CNIL; Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et Liberté). Code availability: The code will be made available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. Authors’ contributions: D.B., H.B. and H.T.-V. contributed equally to this study. They had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. D.B. and H.B. conceptualized the study. D.B., H.B. and F.S. designed the study. All authors were involved in acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of the data. M.B.R., H.G., M.L., F.R., J.M. and A.G. provided administrative, technical or material support. D.B., H.B. and H.T.-V. drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: A French national survey showed that 1447 children were treated with long-term continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in 2019. Data about the ventilatory settings for children are scarce. The aim of the study was to report the CPAP/NIV settings from the survey according to the patients' age and disorders., Methods: CPAP and NIV settings were compared between 5 age groups (<1, 1-5, 6-11, 12-17 and ≥ 18 years), and 6 disease categories (upper airway disorders; neuromuscular disease, NMD; disorder of the central nervous system; cardiorespiratory disorder; congenital bone disease, CBD; and other)., Results: Age correlated positively with constant CPAP pressure (r = 0.364, p < 0.0001), and negatively with CPAP adherence (r = -0.173, p < 0.0001). Mean age at CPAP initiation, CPAP pressures and adherence did not differ between disorders. Regarding NIV, mean inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP) increased with age (r = 0.152, p = 0.0001), whereas respiratory rate (RR; r = -0.593, p < 0.0001) and adherence to NIV decreased with age (r = -0.154, p = 0.0002). NIV settings were quite similar between disease categories, with the CBD group having the highest IPAP, and NMD group having the lowest expiratory positive airway pressure and RR. Adherence tended to be higher with NIV than CPAP., Conclusions: CPAP pressure and IPAP increase with age, while settings seem quite similar between diseases. Even if our study provides some information about CPAP/NIV settings, they should always be individually adapted according to the severity of the disease., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: In France, early access to physiotherapy for people with musculoskeletal disorders (MSKDs) depends on prescription and referral by the family physician in the physician-led model of care. The readiness of French people for direct access to physiotherapy is not known. This survey aims to identify the perceptions of French adults regarding physiotherapists' competence to diagnose and manage MSKDs if they were primary care practitioners, confidence in their ability to provide quality care, and satisfaction with the last episode of care for those concerned; and to identify factors associated with these three variables., Design: French population-based cross-sectional survey., Participants: A representative sample of the French adult population was surveyed between June 2020 and September 2021., Outcome Measures: Collected variables included previous physiotherapy experience, perception of competence to diagnose and manage MSKDs as primary care practitioners, confidence about quality of care, and self-referral preferences. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with these three variables., Results: A total of 1000 participants completed the survey; 854 (85%) believed that physiotherapists would be competent primary care practitioners, and 920 (92%) were confident about the quality of care. Most had previously consulted a physiotherapist (n = 823, 82%); of these, 762 (91%) were satisfied with care received., Conclusion: This large sample of French adults considered physiotherapists as competent to diagnose and treat some MSKDs as primary care practitioners, and that they provided quality care. Further studies should investigate the scope of care, safety, and efficacy of a direct access physiotherapy model. CONTRIBUTION OF PAPER., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Aims: To analyze in a population of persons with type 1 diabetes (PwT1D) ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) parameters - including glycemia risk index (GRI) - for six months after hybrid closed loop (HCL) initiation in a multisite out-of-hospital French center (CIRDIA). We calculated the percentage of people reaching glucose targets and determined a GRI threshold that could identify patients reaching targets., Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in the CIRDIA, a multisite (n=7) out-of-hospital HCL initiation center. AGP metrics for the 14 previous days were manually extracted from HCL platforms at initiation (M0), 3 ± 1 months (M3) and 6 ± 1 months (M6). PwT1D were considered as reaching efficacy and safety targets (EST) if time-in-range was > 70 %, GMI was < 7 %, time-below-range (TBR) <70 was < 4 % and TBR <54 was < 1 %. GRI was calculated and ROC analyses were performed to set a GRI threshold that could identify patients reaching EST., Results: Six-month data were available for 136 persons. The percentage of PwT1D reaching glucose targets at respectively M0, M3 and M6 were for EST: 6.6 %, 40.4 % and 39.7 %. GRI decreased from 56.0 ± 20.9 to 30.1 ± 14.1 and 30.6 ± 13.8. ROC analyses showed that the best GRI value to detect patients who reached EST was GRI <26. A threshold set at this level had very good specificity (92 %) and negative predictive value (93 %) to identify those who do need further intensive support with HCL., Conclusion: Setting a GRI threshold at 26 could be helpful to detect with a single number, potentially automatically calculated by CGM platforms, PwT1D who require further support., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Sylvie Picard reports a relationship with Abbott that includes: board membership, consulting or advisory, and speaking and lecture fees. Sylvie Picard reports a relationship with Insulet Corporation that includes: board membership. Sylvie Picard reports a relationship with Eli Lilly and Company that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sylvie Picard reports a relationship with Medtronic that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Sylvie Picard reports a relationship with Novo Nordisk Inc that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sylvie Picard reports a relationship with Sanofi that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Sylvie Picard reports a relationship with VitalAire France that includes: consulting or advisory, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. Blandine Courbebaisse reports a relationship with Abbott that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Blandine Courbebaisse reports a relationship with Dexcom that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Blandine Courbebaisse reports a relationship with Lilly France that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Blandine Courbebaisse reports a relationship with Novo Nordisk Inc that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Blandine Courbebaisse reports a relationship with Sanofi that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Blandine Courbebaisse reports a relationship with VitalAire France that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Joelle Dupont reports a relationship with Novo Nordisk Inc that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Emmanuelle Lecornet-Sokol reports a relationship with Abbott that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Emmanuelle Lecornet-Sokol reports a relationship with Dexcom that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Emmanuelle Lecornet-Sokol reports a relationship with Insulet Corporation that includes: board membership. Emmanuelle Lecornet-Sokol reports a relationship with LifeScan France SAS that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Emmanuelle Lecornet-Sokol reports a relationship with Novo Nordisk that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Emmanuelle Lecornet-Sokol reports a relationship with Lilly France that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Emmanuelle Lecornet-Sokol reports a relationship with Sanofi that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Estelle Personeni reports a relationship with Lilly France that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Francois Mougel reports a relationship with Lilly France that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Clara Bouche reports a relationship with Dexcom that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Clara Bouche reports a relationship with Lilly France that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sandrine Lablanche reports a relationship with Abbott that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sandrine Lablanche reports a relationship with Insulet Corporation that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sandrine Lablanche reports a relationship with Medtronic that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sandrine Lablanche reports a relationship with Dexcom that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sophie Borot reports a relationship with Dexcom that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sophie Borot reports a relationship with Insulet Corporation that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sophie Borot reports a relationship with Lilly France that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Sophie Borot reports a relationship with Medtrum that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. The CIRDIA is supported by a research grant from Clement-Drevon Foundation, Dijon and by donations from French Diabetic Association (Burgundy-Franche Comte), French Mutualite 39 and received an award from FENAREDIAM. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Aim: To estimate the time trends of treated diabetes incidence, prevalence and mortality in France from 2013 to 2019 and to compare with the Covid-19 pandemic period (2020-2021)., Methods: Using the French National Health Data System, people with treated diabetes ≥ 45 years-old were identified based on their medications. Annual time trends over 2013-2019 were estimated using Poisson log-linear model controlled for age, year and region for prevalence (aPTT), incidence (aITT) and mortality (aMTT). Numbers of incident cases and deaths in 2020-2021 were estimated from these trends, and compared with those observed., Results: Over 2013-2019, incidence and mortality declined significantly in men, aITT=-0.61 % (-0.95;-0.26); aMTT=-0.52 % (-0.81;-0.22), leading to a stable prevalence, aPTT=0.18 % (-0.03;0.40). In women, the fall in incidence was more marked, aITT=-1.45 % (-1.95;-0.95), mortality was stable, aMTT=-0.19 % (-0.54;0.15), leading to a significant decrease in prevalence, aPTT=-0.31 % (-0.60;-0.02). Compared with people not treated for diabetes, the relative risk of mortality increased significantly in men over the 2013-2019 period, from 1.38 (1.37;1.39) to 1.42 (1.41;1.43), while the risk remained stable in women, from 1.45 (1.44;1.46) to 1.46 (1.45;1.47). In 2020, there were 7,458 and 4,404 additional deaths and 3,550 and 4,919 new cases in respectively men and women. In 2021, there were 11,576 and 6,371 additional deaths and 30,057 and 26,169 new cases in respectively men and women., Conclusion: This study reports a favorable dynamic of diabetes over 2013-2019 followed by a sharp increase in incidence and mortality in 2020 and 2021. Continued monitoring is necessary to identify long-term trend and potential indirect effect of the pandemic., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)