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The rapid increase in the proportion of cash crops and livestock production in the Yangtze River Basin has led to commensurate increases in fertilizer and pesticide inputs. Excessive application of chemical fertilizer, organophosphorus pesticides and inappropriate disposal of agricultural waste induced water pollution and potentially threaten Agriculture Green Development (AGD). To ensure food security and the food supply capacity of the Yangtze River Basin, it is important to balance green and development, while ensuring the quality of water bodies. Multiple pollutants affect the transfer, adsorption, photolysis and degradation of each other throughout the soil-plant-water system. This paper considers the impact of multi-pollutants on the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles especially for crops, which are related to achieving food security and AGD. It presents prospective on theory, modeling and multi-pollutant control in the Yangtze River Basin for AGD that are of potential value for other developing regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the requirements of modernized spatial governance and the national strategy for the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, the Shanghai Metropolitan Area has taken the lead in exploring collaborative governance in regional spatial planning, which aims to promote spatially coordinated governance and high-quality integrated development in metropolitan areas. This exploration focuses on the preparation and organizational innovation in regional planning, the combination of top and bottom organizational approaches, the importance of equal consultation during the planning process, the establishment of an open platform in the positioning of the planning, and the need for joint determination in planning approval. This exploration also discusses the innovative implementation of spatial planning cooperation through eight systematic actions and five space sector actions and defines the implementation focus through the immediate plan of action at the implementation level. The exploration of the "Spatial Cooperative Plan of the Greater Shanghai Metropolitan Area" demonstrates that the process and result of planning are equally important. Achieving consensus through plan making and fostering synergies through plan implementation are feasible paths for efficient collaborative governance in the Shanghai Metropolitan Area and other metropolitan areas in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to investigate the heterogeneity of the Yangtze River's impact on housing prices, using the data of 12,325 residential transactions within 8 kilometers of the Yangtze River in Wuhan, based on submarkets divided according to geographical location and buyer groups. The kernel density plots reveal that properties near the Yangtze River have the highest price and the lowest density, while properties further away from the river exhibit the opposite trend. Then the Spatial Generalized Additive Model and the Spatial Quantile Generalized Additive Model show the following results, respectively: (1) The Yangtze River has an influence range of roughly 5 kilometers on adjacent dwellings, with an average impact of 0.035%. However, within the chosen geographical interval, the impact rises from 1.582% to 2.072%. (2) The Yangtze River has the greatest impact on middle-priced houses, followed by high-priced houses, and the least impact on low-priced houses. (3) The Spatial Generalized Additive Model and the Spatial Quantile Generalized Additive Model have been proven to be effective at capturing spatial and temporal impacts on data. In conclusion, this article advises that the government should pay more attention to non-central locations with limited natural resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-heading Chinese cabbage, a variety of Brassica campestris, is an important vegetable crop in the Yangtze River Basin of China. However, the immaturity of its stable transformation system and its low transformation efficiency limit gene function research on non-heading Chinese cabbage. Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated (ARM) transgenic technology is a rapid and effective transformation method that has not yet been established for non-heading Chinese cabbage plants. Here, we optimized conventional ARM approaches (one-step and two-step transformation methods) suitable for living non-heading Chinese cabbage plants in nonsterile environments. Transgenic roots in composite non-heading Chinese cabbage plants were identified using phenotypic detection, fluorescence observation, and PCR analysis. The transformation efficiency of a two-step method on four five-day-old non-heading Chinese cabbage seedlings (Suzhouqing, Huangmeigui, Wuyueman, and Sijiu Caixin) was 43.33%e51.09%, whereas using the stout hypocotyl resulted in a transformation efficiency of 54.88% for the 30-day-old Sijiu Caixin. The one-step method outperformed the two-step method; the transformation efficiency of different varieties was above 60%, and both methods can be used to obtain transgenic roots for functional studies within one month. Finally, optimized ARM transformation methods can easily, quickly, and effectively produce composite non-heading Chinese cabbage plants with transgenic roots, providing a reliable foundation for gene function research and non-heading Chinese cabbage genetic improvement breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the environmental efficiency level and trend of the transportation sector in the upper–mid–downstream of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the JingJinJi region in China and assess the effectiveness of policies for protecting the low-carbon environment. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses the meta-frontier slack-based measure (SBM) approach to evaluate environmental efficiency, which targets and classifies specific regions into regional groups. First, this study employs the SBM with the undesirable outputs to construct the environmental efficiency measurement models of the four regions under the meta-frontier and group frontiers, respectively. Then, this study uses the technology gap ratio to evaluate the gap between the group frontier and the meta-frontier. Findings: The analysis reveals several key findings: (1) the JingJinJi region and the downstream of the YEB had achieved the overall optimal production technology in transportation than the other two regions; (2) significant technology gaps in environmental efficiency were observed among these four regions in China; and (3) the downstream region of the YEB exhibited the lowest levels of energy consumption and excessive CO2 emissions. Originality/value: To evaluate the differences in environmental efficiency resulting from regions and technological gaps in transportation, this study employs the meta-frontier model, which overcomes the limitation of traditional environmental efficiency methods. Furthermore, in the practical, the study provides the advantage of observing the disparities in transportation efficiency performed by the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]